scholarly journals Histopathological Spectrum of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Biopsies in a Tertiary care centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. A158-163
Author(s):  
Anjana M.L ◽  
Kavitha Yevoor
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Background: Upper GI endoscopy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of upper GI conditions especially inflammatory and malignant diseases of stomach and esophagus. A good correlation in diagnosis can be achieved by complementing endoscopic findings with histopathology of biopsy specimens. Methods: Both retrospective and prospective study of upper GI endoscopic biopsy was carried out at department of pathology, KIMS, Hubli during January 2016 to December 2018. Samples were received in 10% formalin; routine processing was followed with H & E staining. Special stain like Giemsa was done for detection of H. Pylori. 396 endoscopic mucosal biopsies were analyzed and evaluated. Result: Out of 396 cases, 250 cases were esophageal biopsies, 104 cases were gastric biopsies & 42 cases were duodenal biopsies. The male: female ratio was 1:9:1. The highest number of cases was seen between 61 to 70 years. Dyspepsia was the common symptom seen in 61.3%. The most common lesions encountered in the esophagus were carcinomas (67%) followed by esophagitis (16%). The commonly encountered gastric lesion was chronic gastritis in 54.8% with H. pylori gastritis being positive in 38.18%. Among the duodenal biopsies, non-neoplastic lesions were most common (59.5%) followed by neoplastic lesions (26%). Conclusion: Upper GI endoscopy is an effective and appropriate preliminary investigation to assess patients with dysphagia, dyspepsia, vomiting. Endoscopy without biopsy is incomplete and that the combination of methods offers a strong diagnostic tool for better patient care.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF ESOPHAGEAL CANDIDIASIS IN NON HIV DYSPHAGIC PATIENTS ON UPPER GI ENDOSCOPY

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 758-761
Author(s):  
NOWSHERWAN ◽  
S.M ATHAR ◽  
M.AMJAD ◽  
YASIN ◽  
IBRAR
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Esophageal Candidiasis ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Candida Esophagitis ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Underlying Risk

BACKGROUND: There is growing incidence of Candida esophagitis due to the increasing numbers ofimmune compromised patients, intensive chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, high dose oraland inhaled corticosteroids, potent antibiotic therapy, alcoholism and chronic illness such as diabetesmellitus and liver cirrhosis all have contributed to this increase. The diagnosis is made based on physicalexamination. Grams stain of the smear (hyphae) may further add in the diagnosis. Endoscopic diagnosisis based on characteristic lesions. This study was carried out to assess the status of esophagealcandidiasis in non HIV infected patients attending a teaching hospital.OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of esophageal candidiasis in non HIV patients presentingwith dysphagia and to assess the underlying risk factors.MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is a retrospective observational study, carried out at Lady ReadingHospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from September 2008 to November 2010. All the patients presenting withdysphagia underwent upper GI endoscopic examination during 2008 to 2010. The cases thoroughlyreviewed regarding their history examination and findings of the endoscopy. Patients with HIV / AIDSwere excluded. Results were compiled and statistically analyzed.RESULTS: A total of 200 cases were included. Male to female ratio was 2.1 : 1 . Mean age was 52.9 ±14.6. The main indications were dysphagia/odynophagia. Esophageal candidiasis was found in 28patients, out of which, 20 were male and 08 were female. The underlying risk factors were also assessed.The major risk factors were steroid therapy, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, carcinoma esophagus andstomach, broad spectrum antibiotic and chronic liver diseases.CONCLUSION: Dysphagia is a significant presenting feature of Candida esophagitis Anti-fungaltreatment for 2 to 3 weeks is recommended on empirical basis in high risk patients for esophagealcandidiasis. If no improvement, then upper GI endoscopy is recommended.KEY WORDS: Esophageal candidiasis, Non-HIV, dysphagia.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Upper GI Endoscopy in Pediatric Population at a Tertiary Care Centre in Pakistan

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rehan Khan ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
Syed Rehan Ali ◽  
Prem Kumar Maheshwari ◽  
Muhammad Saad Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy

scholarly journals The Utility of Endoscopic Biopsies in Patients with Normal Upper Endoscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouar Teriaky ◽  
Abdullah AlNasser ◽  
Carolyn McLean ◽  
James Gregor ◽  
Brian Yan
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽  
Upper Endoscopy ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Pathology Reports ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies ◽  
Upper Gi Tract

Background and Aims. Upper endoscopy is a valuable tool in the workup of gastrointestinal (GI) complaints. The purpose of this study is to determine cost and yield of taking biopsies in a normal upper GI tract.Methods. This is a retrospective study where all upper GI biopsies were identified between May 2012 and April 2013, at a tertiary care center. Clinical, procedural, and pathology reports were reviewed to identify patient demographics, procedure information, and pathology diagnosis.Results. Biopsies of the upper GI tract were taken in 1297 patients with normal upper endoscopies. In patients with normal upper endoscopy, 22% of esophageal, 44% of gastric, and 12% of duodenal biopsies were abnormal. The most frequent abnormality was reflux esophagitis in 16% of esophageal biopsies, chronic gastritis in 23% of gastric biopsies, and increased intraepithelial lymphocytes in 6% of duodenal biopsies. The additional cost for taking biopsies in a normal upper GI tract for a diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis was $2963 Canadian (CAD),H. pyloriassociated gastritis was $1404 CAD, and celiac disease was $3024 CAD.Conclusions. The yield of biopsy in normal upper endoscopy varied with location, but the additional expense can be costly and should be tailored to appropriate clinical situations.

scholarly journals Insights into the evaluation and management of dyspepsia: recent developments and new guidelines

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 175628481880559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Black ◽  
Lesley A. Houghton ◽  
Alexander C. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Epigastric Pain Syndrome ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori

Dyspepsia is a very common gastrointestinal (GI) condition worldwide. We critically examine the recommendations of recently published guidelines for the management of dyspepsia, including those produced jointly by the American College of Gastroenterology and the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology, and those published by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Dyspepsia is a symptom complex, characterized by a range of upper GI symptoms including epigastric pain or burning, early satiety, and post-prandial fullness. Although alarm features are used to help prioritize access to upper GI endoscopy, they are of limited utility in predicting endoscopic findings, and the majority of patients with dyspepsia will have no organic pathology identified at upper GI endoscopy. These patients are labelled as having functional dyspepsia (FD). The Rome IV criteria, which are used to define FD, further subclassify patients with FD as having either epigastric pain syndrome or post-prandial distress syndrome, depending on their predominant symptoms. Unfortunately, the Rome criteria perform poorly at identifying FD without the need for upper GI endoscopy. This has led to the investigation of alternative diagnostic approaches, including whether a capsaicin pill or combined serum biomarkers can accurately identify patients with FD. However, there is insufficient evidence to support either of these approaches at the present time. Patients with FD should be tested for H. pylori infection and be prescribed eradication therapy if they test positive. If they continue to have symptoms following this, then a trial of treatment with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) should be given for up to 8 weeks. In cases where symptoms fail to adequately respond to PPI treatment, a tricyclic antidepressant may be of benefit, and should be continued for 6 to 12 months in patients who respond. Prokinetics demonstrate limited efficacy for treating FD, but could be considered if other strategies have failed. However, there are practical difficulties due to their limited availability in some countries and the risk of serious side effects. Patients with FD who fail to respond to drug treatments should be offered psychological therapy, where available. Overall, with the exception of recommendations relating to H. pylori testing and the prescription of PPIs, which are made on the basis of high-quality evidence, the evidence underpinning other elements of dyspepsia management is largely of low-quality. Consequently, there are still many aspects of the evaluation and management of dyspepsia that require further research.

scholarly journals Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease at Kathmandu Model Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Rajesh Dhoj Joshi ◽  
Sachin Khadka ◽  
Deepak Man Joshi ◽  
Arun Kadel ◽  
Ganesh Dangal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction: Endoscopic rapid urease test is a simple and most widely used test to detect the presence of urease in the gastric mucosa. Many studies have reported prevalence of H. pylori infection in relation to age, gender and site of ulcer. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the prevalence and significance of H. pylori in peptic ulcer disease. Methods: A retrospective review was carried out for patients with peptic ulcer disease who had undergone upper GI endoscopy in Department of Internal Medicine at Kathmandu Model Hos­pital. The records from January 2013 to December 2017 were analyzed. Any patient with previously diagnosed peptic ulcer, history of active bleeding, cancer and incomplete records were excluded. Peptic ulcer associated with H. pylori was diagnosed on the basis of endoscopic rapid urease test. Results: Among the 418 diagnosed case of peptic ulcer disease by upper GI endoscopy from Jan 2013 to Dec 2017, 213 tested positive for H. pylori by rapid urease test. Among the positive cases, over a half were males patients. Majority (23.9%) of the patients were in the age group of 35-44 years. Prevalence of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer was 51.6% followed by combined gastro-duodenal ulcer (26.8%) and gastric ulcer (21.6%). H. pylori was significantly associated with duodenal ulcer (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated relatively high prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer who had undergone upper GI endoscopy.

scholarly journals UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPIC BIOPSY

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1574-1579
Author(s):  
Farzana Memon ◽  
Kanwal Baloch ◽  
Ameer Afzal Memon
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Biopsy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Frequent Site ◽  
Grade Ii

Background: Upper GI endoscopy is an established procedure for investigatinga wide range of upper GI conditions especially inflammatory and malignant diseases ofstomach and esophagus. A good correlation in diagnosis can be achieved by complementingendoscopic findings with histology of biopsy specimens. Aims and objectives: 1) To evaluatemorphological patterns of upper GI conditions. 2) To correlate endoscopic characterization ofupper GI lesions with histopathological assessment of biopsy specimens. Study design: Aretrospective descriptive study. Period: Four year period from January 2010 to December 2013.Setting: Department of Pathology, LUMHS and were histologically assessed. Material andmethods: A total of 433 upper GI endoscopic biopsies were received. Patient’s age, gender andpresenting complaints were noted. Results: Stomach was the most frequent site of endoscopicbiopsy (51.3%) followed by esophagus (39%) and duodenum (9.7%). Majority of patients (51%)presented with dysphagia and abdominal pain. Mean age of presentation was 40 years; agerange, 9-90 years and male: female ratio is 1:1.6. Esophageal malignancy was the commonestneoplastic lesion with squamous cell carcinoma being the dominant histological type.Interestingly, inflammatory conditions were more common in the stomach. In the duodenum,celiac disease was clinically suspected and histopathological grading confirmed the diagnosiswith majority of the cases showing grade-II pathology. Conclusion: This large retrospectiveinstitutional based study showed a good correlation between endoscopic and histologicaldiagnosis. It further shows that esophagus is the predominant site of upper GI malignancy withstrong female predominance. Further studies are needed to identify the underlying risk factors.

scholarly journals Role of endoscopy in evaluating upper gastrointestinal tract lesions in rural population

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 059-065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharanabasavaraj Javali ◽  
M. Madan ◽  
M. L. Harendrakumar ◽  
M. S. Mahesh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Gastrointestinal Lesions ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Abstract Background and Objectives: Before the advent of endoscopy direct access to the lesion for the confirmation of the diagnosis was difficult, this posed difficulty in contemplating adequate and appropriate surgery. Endoscopy as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool has grown in recent years. Upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy is one of the most fascinating branch which serves not only as a means of resolving or amplifying the diagnosis made clinically or by X-ray, but also a primary diagnostic procedure for conditions not otherwise diagnosable on unoperated case. Fiber optic upper GI endoscopy has already become firmly established as a reliable, quick and inexpensive tool. This study was done to detect the upper gastrointestinal lesions in rural population of Kolar District, the distribution pattern of various upper GI lesions in patients presenting with upper GI symptoms and to follow the endoscopic diagnosis for medical and surgical management. Materials and Methods: The study group includes patients reporting to outpatient department and also the inpatients in wards of General Surgery and other departments, who have upper GI symptoms, were advised endoscopy at R. L. JALAPPA Hospital and Research Centre, Kolar, from a period of December 2011 to August 2013. Results: Of the 600 cases, 370 were males, and 230 were females. Disease incidence was highest in 51–70 years age group, that is, 21.6%. Pain abdomen was the most common symptom. Epigastric tenderness was the most common sign among the patients clinically. Reflux esophagitis and diffuse gastritis formed most common cases (307 cases). The incidence of duodenitis - 7.83%, peptic ulcer -3.3%, esophageal varices - 1.5%, the incidence of carcinoma esophagus and carcinoma stomach was approximately same that is, 4.5% and 4.6% respectively. The incidence of esophageal candidiasis was 4.16%. The majority of the patients had a normal study that is, 14.5%. Conclusion: Upper GI lesions were more common in males. The incidence of diseases was highest among the elderly age group. Most of the benign mucosal lesions were mainly due to spicy food and habit of tobacco consumption. The incidence of malignancy was mostly among older age group above 50 years. The incidence of the normal study was high owing to increased medical care, easy availability of the procedure and increased medical awareness among patients. In all these cases, upper GI endoscopy not only helped in diagnosing the disease but also helped to get information about pathology, extent of disease and complications that have occurred. This study highlights the importance of diagnostic and therapeutic uses, recording of the various gastroenterological diseases we come across in rural population.

scholarly journals Migraine, dyspepsia, and Helicobacter pylori; zeroing in on the culprit

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayereh Akbari ◽  
Ahmad Hormati ◽  
Ehsan Sharifipour ◽  
Seyed Amir Hejazi ◽  
Fatemeh Jafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Impact

Background: Numerous studies have evaluated the impact of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the number, severity, and recurrence of migraine attacks. But the association of migraine, H. pylori, and gastrointestinal (GI) presentation is challenging. The aim of the current study was to investigate the correlation between migraine, H. pylori, and peptic ulcers among patients with dyspepsia undergoing upper GI endoscopy. Methods: 305 patients with dyspepsia referring to our endoscopy ward, Shahid Beheshti Hospital affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, for upper GI endoscopy filled out the study questionnaire. If a patient was experiencing headaches and the migraine was confirmed by neurologists, he/she was asked to answer the questions related to migraine, which were prepared exactly from Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. The relation between migraine and confirmed H. pylori contamination was investigated using statistical models. Results: Of all the 305 patients, 133 (43.6%) had confirmed episodic migraine headaches (MHs) and 177 patients (58.04%) had positive RUT for confirming H. pylori contamination, of which 123 (69.5%) had confirmed migraine. 52 (17.0%) had duodenal peptic ulcer(s), of which, 49 (94.2%) had a positive rapid urease test (RUT) (P < 0.001). 20 (6.5%) of all patients had the gastric peptic ulcer(s) which did not have a significant relation with H. pylori contamination. There was a significant relationship between the peptic ulcer site and migraine. In total, 177 patients (58.0%) had a positive RUT. History of migraine was significantly positive in those with positive H. Pylori contamination. Notably, multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant relation of H. pylori and migraine at younger ages. Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori and migraine in patients with dyspepsia seems to be high. Moreover, there is a meaningful association between migraine, duodenal peptic ulcers, and H. pylori infection, too.  

Prevalence of H. pylori in an Inner-city Hospital on Upper GI Endoscopy

2015 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. S1036
Author(s):  
Devika Kapuria ◽  
Raj Shah ◽  
Shariq Shamim ◽  
Khalil M. Abuamr ◽  
Nabil Al-Khalisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori
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