scholarly journals Migraine, dyspepsia, and Helicobacter pylori; zeroing in on the culprit

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayereh Akbari ◽  
Ahmad Hormati ◽  
Ehsan Sharifipour ◽  
Seyed Amir Hejazi ◽  
Fatemeh Jafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Impact

Background: Numerous studies have evaluated the impact of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the number, severity, and recurrence of migraine attacks. But the association of migraine, H. pylori, and gastrointestinal (GI) presentation is challenging. The aim of the current study was to investigate the correlation between migraine, H. pylori, and peptic ulcers among patients with dyspepsia undergoing upper GI endoscopy. Methods: 305 patients with dyspepsia referring to our endoscopy ward, Shahid Beheshti Hospital affiliated to Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran, for upper GI endoscopy filled out the study questionnaire. If a patient was experiencing headaches and the migraine was confirmed by neurologists, he/she was asked to answer the questions related to migraine, which were prepared exactly from Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. The relation between migraine and confirmed H. pylori contamination was investigated using statistical models. Results: Of all the 305 patients, 133 (43.6%) had confirmed episodic migraine headaches (MHs) and 177 patients (58.04%) had positive RUT for confirming H. pylori contamination, of which 123 (69.5%) had confirmed migraine. 52 (17.0%) had duodenal peptic ulcer(s), of which, 49 (94.2%) had a positive rapid urease test (RUT) (P < 0.001). 20 (6.5%) of all patients had the gastric peptic ulcer(s) which did not have a significant relation with H. pylori contamination. There was a significant relationship between the peptic ulcer site and migraine. In total, 177 patients (58.0%) had a positive RUT. History of migraine was significantly positive in those with positive H. Pylori contamination. Notably, multivariable analysis demonstrated a significant relation of H. pylori and migraine at younger ages. Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori and migraine in patients with dyspepsia seems to be high. Moreover, there is a meaningful association between migraine, duodenal peptic ulcers, and H. pylori infection, too.  

scholarly journals Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in patients with peptic ulcer disease at Kathmandu Model Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Rajesh Dhoj Joshi ◽  
Sachin Khadka ◽  
Deepak Man Joshi ◽  
Arun Kadel ◽  
Ganesh Dangal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori

Introduction: Endoscopic rapid urease test is a simple and most widely used test to detect the presence of urease in the gastric mucosa. Many studies have reported prevalence of H. pylori infection in relation to age, gender and site of ulcer. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the prevalence and significance of H. pylori in peptic ulcer disease. Methods: A retrospective review was carried out for patients with peptic ulcer disease who had undergone upper GI endoscopy in Department of Internal Medicine at Kathmandu Model Hos­pital. The records from January 2013 to December 2017 were analyzed. Any patient with previously diagnosed peptic ulcer, history of active bleeding, cancer and incomplete records were excluded. Peptic ulcer associated with H. pylori was diagnosed on the basis of endoscopic rapid urease test. Results: Among the 418 diagnosed case of peptic ulcer disease by upper GI endoscopy from Jan 2013 to Dec 2017, 213 tested positive for H. pylori by rapid urease test. Among the positive cases, over a half were males patients. Majority (23.9%) of the patients were in the age group of 35-44 years. Prevalence of H. pylori in duodenal ulcer was 51.6% followed by combined gastro-duodenal ulcer (26.8%) and gastric ulcer (21.6%). H. pylori was significantly associated with duodenal ulcer (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated relatively high prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer who had undergone upper GI endoscopy.

scholarly journals Therapeutic efficacy of ranitidine bismuth citrate with clarithromycin for seven days in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Brazilian peptic ulcer patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Natan Eisig ◽  
Fernando Marcuz Silva ◽  
Cláudio Hashimoto ◽  
Ethel Zimberg Chehter ◽  
Antonio Atilio Laudanna
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Therapeutic Regimen ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bismuth Citrate ◽  
Urease Test

CONTEXT: The curative treatment of peptic ulcer is made available nowadays through the eradication of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which is associated with it, but the best therapeutic regimen is yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of a therapeutic regimen with 400 mg ranitidine bismuth citrate associated with 500 mg clarithromycin given twice a day for seven days in a cohort of Brazilian patients with peptic ulcer. TYPE OF STUDY: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Tertiary-care hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred and twenty nine outpatients, with active or healed peptic ulcers infected by Helicobacter pylori, diagnosed via endoscopy with confirmation via the urease test and histological examination, who had never undergone a regimen for the eradication of the bacterium. PROCEDURE: Administration of 400 mg ranitidine-bismuth and 500 mg clarithromycin twice a day, for seven days. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Efficacy of the treatment, with a check on the cure done via another endoscopy eight weeks after drug administration. The eradication of the bacterium was determined via the urease test and histological examination. Patients who were negative for both were considered to be cured. RESULTS: Eight patients failed to complete the study. The eradication rate according to intention to treat was 81% (104/129) and per protocol was 86% (104/121). CONCLUSION: The bismuth ranitidine compound associated with clarithromycin used for one week was shown to be a simple, effective and well-tolerated therapeutic regimen for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.

scholarly journals Histopathological Spectrum of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Biopsies in a Tertiary care centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. A158-163
Author(s):  
Anjana M.L ◽  
Kavitha Yevoor
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Duodenal Biopsies

Background: Upper GI endoscopy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of upper GI conditions especially inflammatory and malignant diseases of stomach and esophagus. A good correlation in diagnosis can be achieved by complementing endoscopic findings with histopathology of biopsy specimens. Methods: Both retrospective and prospective study of upper GI endoscopic biopsy was carried out at department of pathology, KIMS, Hubli during January 2016 to December 2018. Samples were received in 10% formalin; routine processing was followed with H & E staining. Special stain like Giemsa was done for detection of H. Pylori. 396 endoscopic mucosal biopsies were analyzed and evaluated. Result: Out of 396 cases, 250 cases were esophageal biopsies, 104 cases were gastric biopsies & 42 cases were duodenal biopsies. The male: female ratio was 1:9:1. The highest number of cases was seen between 61 to 70 years. Dyspepsia was the common symptom seen in 61.3%. The most common lesions encountered in the esophagus were carcinomas (67%) followed by esophagitis (16%). The commonly encountered gastric lesion was chronic gastritis in 54.8% with H. pylori gastritis being positive in 38.18%. Among the duodenal biopsies, non-neoplastic lesions were most common (59.5%) followed by neoplastic lesions (26%). Conclusion: Upper GI endoscopy is an effective and appropriate preliminary investigation to assess patients with dysphagia, dyspepsia, vomiting. Endoscopy without biopsy is incomplete and that the combination of methods offers a strong diagnostic tool for better patient care.

scholarly journals RECURRENCE RATE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN PATIENTS WITH PEPTIC ULCER FIVE YEARS OR MORE AFTER SUCCESSFUL ERADICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Costa Farago FERNANDES ◽  
Gabriel da Rocha BONATTO ◽  
Mauro Willeman BONATTO
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Early Recurrence ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastroduodenal Mucosa ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Background Infection with Helicobacter pylori is highly prevalent worldwide, especially in developing countries. Its presence in the gastroduodenal mucosa is related with development of peptic ulcer and other illnesses. The eradication of H. pylori improves mucosal histology in patients with peptic ulcers. Objective This study was aimed to verify if H. pylori recurrence occurs five years or more after confirmed eradication in patients with peptic ulcer. Moreover, we sought to determine the recurrence rate. Methods Retrospective and longitudinal, this study was based on a sample of 201 patients from western Paraná, Brazil. The patients were diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease, in the period of 1990-2000, and followed for five years or more after successful H. pylori eradication. Patients with early recurrence - prior to five years after eradication - were excluded from the sample. Results During an average follow-up of 8 years, 180 patients (89.55%) remained negative, and 21 (10.45%) became positive for H. pylori infection. New ulcers appeared in two-thirds of the patients with H. pylori recurrence. Conclusion The recurrence of H. pylori in patients with peptic ulcer can occur in the long-term - even if the infection had been successfully eradicated and the patients had remained free of recurrence in the first years of follow-up.

scholarly journals Virulence genes of Helicobacter pylori in the Dominican Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1189-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Shiota ◽  
Modesto Cruz ◽  
José A. Jiménez Abreu ◽  
Takahiro Mitsui ◽  
Hideo Terao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Test Culture ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
The Status ◽  
H Pylori

Although the incidence of gastric cancer in the Dominican Republic is not high, the disease remains a significant health problem. We first conducted a detailed analysis of Helicobacter pylori status in the Dominican Republic. In total, 158 patients (103 females and 55 males; mean age 47.1±16.2 years) were recruited. The status of H. pylori infection was determined based on four tests: rapid urease test, culture test, histological test and immunohistochemistry. The status of cagA and vacA genotypes in H. pylori was examined using PCR and gene sequencing. The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 58.9 %. No relationship was found between the H. pylori infection rate and the age range of 17–91 years. Even in the youngest group (patients aged <29 years), the H. pylori infection rate was 62.5 %. Peptic ulcer was found in 23 patients and gastric cancer was found in one patient. The H. pylori infection rate in patients with peptic ulcer was significantly higher than that in patients with gastritis (82.6 versus 54.5 %, P<0.01). The cagA-positive/vacA s1m1 genotype was the most prevalent (43/64, 67.2 %). Compared with H. pylori-negative patients, H. pylori-positive patients showed more severe gastritis. Furthermore, the presence of cagA was related to the presence of more severe gastritis. All CagA-positive strains had Western-type CagA. In conclusion, we found that H. pylori infection is a risk factor for peptic ulcer in the Dominican Republic. Patients with cagA-positive H. pylori could be at higher risk for severe inflammation and atrophy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of persistent upper abdominal pain by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Keyur Suryakant Patel ◽  
Prabhat B. Nichkaode ◽  
Sunil V. Panchabhai ◽  
Manichandra Reddy ◽  
Balaji Prathep Santhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Duodenal Lesions ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Abdominal ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Background: The upper gastrointestinal tract is affected by a spectrum of conditions which span from infectious, idiopathic, inflammatory diseases, polyps, motility disorders and malignancy. Upper gastrointestinal scopy is believed to be the most effective screening modality as it not only allows direct visualization of oesophagus, gastric and duodenal mucosa but to perform biopsies in suspected malignancies. Aim: To evaluate persistent upper abdominal pain by upper gastrointestinal scopy.Methods: A total of 100 patients presented with complains of persistent upper abdominal pain were subjected to upper gastrointestinal scopy. Biopsies in indicated cases were taken from abnormal areas and sent for histopathology.Results: Most common finding in patients according to upper gastrointestinal scopy was gastritis (27%), followed by duodentitis (9%), and gastroduodenitis (7%). Rapid urease test in cases of gastritis and duodenitis to determine H. pylori infection were positive in 53.8% cases.Conclusions: Because of its precision and relatively safe technique upper GI endoscopy can be considered in patients above age of 50 years presenting to surgical OPD with complaints of persistent pain in upper abdomen. Investigating helicobacter pylori should be considered in all patients found to have gastric or duodenal lesions on upper GI endoscopy as its association with these lesions ranges from 50 to 80%.

scholarly journals Insights into the evaluation and management of dyspepsia: recent developments and new guidelines

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 175628481880559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Black ◽  
Lesley A. Houghton ◽  
Alexander C. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Epigastric Pain ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Gi Endoscopy ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Canadian Association ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Epigastric Pain Syndrome ◽  
Upper Gi Endoscopy ◽  
H Pylori

Dyspepsia is a very common gastrointestinal (GI) condition worldwide. We critically examine the recommendations of recently published guidelines for the management of dyspepsia, including those produced jointly by the American College of Gastroenterology and the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology, and those published by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Dyspepsia is a symptom complex, characterized by a range of upper GI symptoms including epigastric pain or burning, early satiety, and post-prandial fullness. Although alarm features are used to help prioritize access to upper GI endoscopy, they are of limited utility in predicting endoscopic findings, and the majority of patients with dyspepsia will have no organic pathology identified at upper GI endoscopy. These patients are labelled as having functional dyspepsia (FD). The Rome IV criteria, which are used to define FD, further subclassify patients with FD as having either epigastric pain syndrome or post-prandial distress syndrome, depending on their predominant symptoms. Unfortunately, the Rome criteria perform poorly at identifying FD without the need for upper GI endoscopy. This has led to the investigation of alternative diagnostic approaches, including whether a capsaicin pill or combined serum biomarkers can accurately identify patients with FD. However, there is insufficient evidence to support either of these approaches at the present time. Patients with FD should be tested for H. pylori infection and be prescribed eradication therapy if they test positive. If they continue to have symptoms following this, then a trial of treatment with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) should be given for up to 8 weeks. In cases where symptoms fail to adequately respond to PPI treatment, a tricyclic antidepressant may be of benefit, and should be continued for 6 to 12 months in patients who respond. Prokinetics demonstrate limited efficacy for treating FD, but could be considered if other strategies have failed. However, there are practical difficulties due to their limited availability in some countries and the risk of serious side effects. Patients with FD who fail to respond to drug treatments should be offered psychological therapy, where available. Overall, with the exception of recommendations relating to H. pylori testing and the prescription of PPIs, which are made on the basis of high-quality evidence, the evidence underpinning other elements of dyspepsia management is largely of low-quality. Consequently, there are still many aspects of the evaluation and management of dyspepsia that require further research.

scholarly journals Peptic Ulcers and their Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
Dhanesh Kumar ◽  
Rajendra Kumar ◽  
Jhakeshwar Prasad ◽  
Mahendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
H Pylori

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an uncommon disorder of early life. Peptic ulceration of the stomach or duodenum is usually associated with abnormalities of the gastric mucosa such as gastritis and/or gastropathy. Gastritis and ulcers of the stomach and duodenum can be classified into either primary or secondary depending on their aetiologies. The majority of primary or unexplained peptic ulcers are the result of chronic inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. However, an increasing number of children with PUD without evidence of H. Pylori infection are now being seen. Rarely PUD is caused by hypersecretory states. Secondary ulceration occurs in response to acute stress from severe systemic illnesses such as sepsis, head injury, burns, and as sequelae to use of certain drugs. The prognosis for recovery from peptic ulcers is good as most patients will respond to treatment. Keywords:  Peptic ulcer disease, Complication, Helicobacter pylori, NSAIDs, Management.

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