scholarly journals Trust in autonomous cars: The role of value similarity and capacity for sympathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Yokoi ◽  
Kazuya Nakayachi
Keyword(s):  
Value Similarity ◽  
Autonomous Cars

Trust in Autonomous Cars: Exploring the Role of Shared Moral Values, Reasoning, and Emotion in Safety-Critical Decisions

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872082093304
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Yokoi ◽  
Kazuya Nakayachi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Moral Dilemma ◽  
Value Similarity ◽  
Moral Beliefs ◽  
Intention To Adopt ◽  
Autonomous Cars ◽  
Greater Good ◽  
Risk Managers ◽  
Near Future

Objective Autonomous cars (ACs) controlled by artificial intelligence are expected to play a significant role in transportation in the near future. This study investigated determinants of trust in ACs. Background Trust in ACs influences different variables, including the intention to adopt AC technology. Several studies on risk perception have verified that shared value determines trust in risk managers. Previous research has confirmed the effect of value similarity on trust in artificial intelligence. We focused on moral beliefs, specifically utilitarianism (belief in promoting a greater good) and deontology (belief in condemning deliberate harm), and tested the effects of shared moral beliefs on trust in ACs. Method We conducted three experiments ( N = 128, 71, and 196, for each), adopting a thought experiment similar to the well-known trolley problem. We manipulated shared moral beliefs (shared vs. unshared) and driver (AC vs. human), providing participants with different moral dilemma scenarios. Trust in ACs was measured through a questionnaire. Results The results of Experiment 1 showed that shared utilitarian belief strongly influenced trust in ACs. In Experiment 2 and Experiment 3, however, we did not find statistical evidence that shared deontological belief had an effect on trust in ACs. Conclusion The results of the three experiments suggest that the effect of shared moral beliefs on trust varies depending on the values that ACs share with humans. Application To promote AC implementation, policymakers and developers need to understand which values are shared between ACs and humans to enhance trust in ACs.

scholarly journals Salient values, social trust, and attitudes toward wolf management in south-western Alberta, Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARLY C. SPONARSKI ◽  
JERRY J. VASKE ◽  
ALISTAIR J BATH ◽  
MARCO M. MUSIANI
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Value Similarity ◽  
Management Agency ◽  
Wolf Management ◽  
Management Preferences ◽  
Human Wildlife Conflict

SUMMARYShared values, public trust in an agency, and attitudes can influence support for successful conservation initiatives. To understand these relationships, this paper examines the role of social trust as a partial mediator between salient values similarity and attitudes toward wolves in south-western Alberta, Canada. Rural residents in this area face increasing wolf depredation on livestock. Data were obtained from a mail questionnaire (n= 566 respondents, response rate = 70%) sent to rural residents in three municipal districts in south-western Alberta. Attitudes were predicted to directly influence behavioural intention to support or oppose wolf management. Most respondents held slightly similar values as the management agency and minimally trusted the agency to effectively manage wolves. As predicted, social trust in the agency served as a partial mediator between salient value similarity and attitudes toward wolves. Salient value similarity was also a strong predictor of attitudes toward wolves. Attitudes toward wolves predicted behavioural support. Thus, social trust of the management agency can influence attitudes and management preferences concerning a species. When dealing with human-wildlife conflict, social trust should be examined to understand the context of the problem.

Values and Psychotherapy: A Review of the Literature

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 669-690E ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kessel ◽  
John F. McBrearty
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Interpersonal Influence ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Value Similarity ◽  
Theoretical Literature ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Relationship ◽  
Analogue Research ◽  
Patient Value

This paper reviews theoretical literature and empirical investigations concerning the role of values in psychotherapy. Contrary to traditional psychoanalytic conceptualization, the psychotherapeutic relationship is viewed in terms of interpersonal attraction and interpersonal influence and some degree of therapist-patient value similarity is considered a prerequisite for positive attraction, effective communication, and influence of therapist over patient. The importance of matching therapist-patient pairs on the value dimension is stressed. Psychotherapy-analogue research is cited as a vehicle for exploring the role of values in psychotherapy.

Intergenerational Congruency

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIE DALHOUSE ◽  
JAMES S. FRIDERES
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Value Similarity ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Political Value ◽  
Parent Child

The role of parents in transmitting political values to their children is investigated. A survey of parents and their children from two western Canadian urban centers was undertaken. Using a path analysis technique, the authors analyze the multiple roles parents play in transmitting political values and attitudes to their children. Both internal and external components of the family were analyzed with regard to their impact upon parent-child attitudinal similarity. The results show that parents' gender, political activity of the parents, socioeconomic status, and the type of family have an impact on the degree of parent-child political value similarity.

scholarly journals The role of trust in citizen acceptance of climate policy: Comparing perceptions of government competence, integrity and value similarity

2021 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 106958
Author(s):  
Shelby Kitt ◽  
Jonn Axsen ◽  
Zoe Long ◽  
Ekaterina Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Climate Policy ◽  
Value Similarity

Parent-Child Value Similarity: The Role of Zeitgeist

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 778-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Boehnke ◽  
Andreas Hadjar ◽  
Dirk Baier
Keyword(s):  
Value Similarity ◽  
Parent Child

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management
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