Effects of Gibberellic Acid and Sublethal Levels of Four Herbicides on the Cool‐season Regrowth of Two Tropical Forage Grasses
            1

The control of three summer annual grass weeds with herbicides during establishment of forage grasses was studied near Concord and Mead, NE, in 1984, 1985, and 1986. Three cool-season forage grasses, intermediate wheatgrass, tall fescue, and smooth bromegrass, and two warm-season grasses, big bluestem and switchgrass, were included. The control of three major summer annual grasses, green foxtail, barnyardgrass, and large crabgrass, was excellent with fenoxaprop at 0.22 kg ai/ha. Slight to moderate injury to cool-season forage grasses and severe injury to warm-season grasses were evident. Sethoxydim at 0.22 kg ai/ha and haloxyfop at 0.11 kg ai/ha controlled green foxtail and large crabgrass, but not barnyardgrass. Sulfometuron-treated big bluestem and switchgrass plots had the best forage stand frequencies and yields and, at the rate used, sulfometuron satisfactorily controlled green foxtail but only marginally controlled barnyardgrass and large crabgrass.

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Use of tall fescue EST-SSR markers in phylogenetic analysis of cool-season forage grasses

Genome ◽

10.1139/g05-029 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 637-647 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

M A. Rouf Mian ◽

Malay C Saha ◽

Andrew A Hopkins ◽

Zeng-Yu Wang

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Tall Fescue ◽

Related Species ◽

Grass Species ◽

Forage Grass ◽

Forage Grasses ◽

Cool Season ◽

Phylogenetic Relations ◽

Wide Range

Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are highly useful molecular markers for plant improvement. Expressed sequence tag (EST)-SSR markers have a higher rate of transferability across species than genomic SSR markers and are thus well suited for application in cross-species phylogenetic studies. Our objectives were to examine the amplification of tall fescue EST-SSR markers in 12 grass species representing 8 genera of 4 tribes from 2 subfamilies of Poaceae and the applicability of these markers for phylogenetic analysis of grass species. About 43% of the 145 EST-SSR primer pairs produced PCR bands in all 12 grass species and had high levels of polymorphism in all forage grasses studied. Thus, these markers will be useful in a variety of forage grass species, including the ones tested in this study. SSR marker data were useful in grouping genotypes within each species. Lolium temulentum, a potential model species for cool-season forage grasses, showed a close relation with the major Festuca–Lolium species in the study. Tall wheatgrass was found to be closely related to hexaploid wheat, thereby confirming the known taxonomic relations between these species. While clustering of closely related species was found, the effectiveness of such data in evaluating distantly related species needs further investigations. The phylogenetic trees based on DNA sequences of selected SSR bands were in agreement with the phylogenetic relations based on length polymorphism of SSRs markers. Tall fescue EST-SSR markers depicted phylogenetic relations among a wide range of cool-season forage grass species and thus are an important resource for researchers working with such grass species.Key words: phylogeny, EST-SSR, forage grasses, tall fescue.

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Oxalate Content of Tropical Forage Grasses

Science ◽

10.1126/science.122.3179.1089 ◽

1955 ◽

Vol 122 (3179) ◽

pp. 1089-1090 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. GARCIA-RIVERA ◽

M. P. MORRIS

Keyword(s):

Forage Grasses ◽

Tropical Forage

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Drought Resistance of Tropical Forage Grasses

Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress, Fourth Edition ◽

10.1201/9781351104609-42 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 793-803 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juan Andrés Cardoso ◽

Idupulapati M. Rao

Keyword(s):

Drought Resistance ◽

Forage Grasses ◽

Tropical Forage

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CARACTERÍSTICAS PRODUTIVAS DE TRÊS ESPÉCIES FORRAGEIRAS IRRIGADAS

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2016v1n1p99-107 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

Débora Pantojo de Souza ◽

Arthur Carniato Sanches ◽

Fernando Campos Mendonça ◽

Rodolfo Guertas Maffei ◽

Pedro José Catto

Keyword(s):

Statistical Design ◽

Sprinkler System ◽

Forage Yield ◽

Panicum Maximum ◽

Forage Grasses ◽

Brachiaria Brizantha ◽

Significance Level ◽

Tropical Forage ◽

Dead Material ◽

E Mail

CARACTERÍSTICAS PRODUTIVAS DE TRÊS ESPÉCIES FORRAGEIRAS IRRIGADAS DÉBORA PANTOJO DE SOUZA1; ARTHUR CARNIATO SANCHES2; FERNANDO CAMPOS MENDONÇA3; RODOLFO GUERTAS MAFFEI4 E PEDRO JOSÉ CATTO4 1 Engenheira Agrônoma, Mestranda em Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícolas, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba,SP. CEP:13418900, e-mail:[email protected] Engenheiro Agrônomo, Doutorando em Engenharia de Sistemas Agrícolas, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba,SP. CEP:13418900, e-mail: [email protected] Prof. Dr. Dep. Engenharia de Biossistemas, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba,SP. CEP:13418900, e-mail: [email protected] Acadêmicos de Engenharia Agronômica, ESALQ/USP, Piracicaba,SP. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]. 1 RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo a caracterização de parâmetros produtivos para três forrageiras tropicais irrigadas ao longo de três ciclos de cultivo. O experimento foi realizado na ESALQ/USP, em delineamento estatístico de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, com área total de 864 m². Foram estudadas as forrageiras Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Cynodon ssp. cv. Tifton 85 e Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça, no período compreendido entre 11 de fevereiro a maio de 2016. Consideraram-se os seguintes parâmetros produtivos de massa seca de forragem: produtividade total de forragem (PTF), produtividade de folhas (PF), produtividade de colmos (PC), produtividade de material morto (PMM), as porcentagens de massa de folhas (%MF), massa de colmos (%MC) e material morto (%MM) e a razão folha colmo-1 (RFC). A análise estatística de comparações múltiplas foi feita com o auxílio do software ASSISTAT 7.7, verificando-se que o capim Mombaça teve maior PTF (5.285,07 kg ha-1) em relação às demais espécies (nível α=0,01 de significância). Na média das três forrageiras, o 2º ciclo foi o mais produtivo (PTF = 3.883,69 kg ha-1). Também foi constatada a interação entre forrageiras e ciclos de crescimento para as variáveis PF e PC. O capim Mombaça apresentou a maior PF nos três ciclos, e PC maior em relação às demais forrageiras apenas no 1ociclo. A RFC não diferiu significativamente entre as forrageiras. Conclui-se que, dentre as três forrageiras estudadas, o capim Mombaça teve maior diminuição da produtividade ao longo dos três ciclos. Palavras-chave: Irrigação de pastagens, forrageiras tropicais, produtividade total de forragem. SOUZA, D. P. de; SANCHES, A. C.; MENDONÇA, F. C.; MAFFEI, R. G.; CATTO, P. J.PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE IRRIGATED SPECIES OF FORRAGEIRAS 2 ABSTRACT This work aimed to characterize the productive parameters for three tropical forage grasses during three cropping cycles. The experiment was carried out at the Luiz de Queiroz Agriculture College, under random blocks, in the split-plot statistical design, in a total area of 864 m². The forage grasses studied were Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Cynodon ssp. cv. Tifton 85,and Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa, from February 11th to May 6th, 2016 (3 growing cycles).The irrigation was made by a sprinkler system installed with a 12 x 12 m spacing, with sprinklers running at an average pressure of 300 kPa, whose distribution uniformity was previously checked (CUC = 87%). The following parameters were considered: total of forage yield (PTF), leaf yield(PF), culm yield (PC), dead material yield(PMM), leaf mass percentage (% MSF), stems percentage (% MSC), dead material percentage (% MSMM), and leaf culm-1 ratio (RFC). The multivariate statistical analysis was performed with the software ASSISTAT 7.7, and the results showed that the Mombaça grass had the highest forage yield (PTF = 5285.07 kg ha-1, significance level α = 0.01 ). Considering the culm yield and the average for the three forage grasses, the 2nd growing cycle presented the highest forage yield (3883.69 kg ha-1). The interaction between forage species and growing cycles was also verified, for the PF and PC parameters. The Mombasa grass had the highest PF values in the three growing cycles. For the PC parameter, the Mombasa grass was higher than the others only in the 1st cycle. Considering the RFC parameter, Tifton 85 had lower values than the others (1.24), but did not significantly differ from the other grasses. Among the three forage grasses studied, the Mombasa grass had the highest sensitivity to climate changes along the three growing cycles. Keywords: Pasture irrigation, tropical forage grasses, total of forage yield.

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Rotational grazing management of forage peanut

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479720000113 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

pp. 495-505

Author(s):

Lucas da Rocha Carvalho ◽

Lilian Elgalise Techio Pereira ◽

Sila Carneiro Da Silva

Keyword(s):

Experimental Period ◽

Early Spring ◽

Grazing Management ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Adaptation Period ◽

Forage Grasses ◽

Rotational Grazing ◽

Area Index ◽

Grazing Tolerance ◽

Tropical Forage

AbstractThe perennial forage peanut is a stoloniferous, perennial tropical legume with potential for use in pastures. Based on the hypothesis that under intermittent stocking herbage accumulation would follow a similar pattern to that described for tropical forage grasses, the objective of this study was to evaluate canopy characteristics and herbage accumulation of forage peanut subjected to strategies of rotational grazing management. Treatments corresponded to all possible combinations of two grazing frequencies (regrowth interrupted at 95% and maximum canopy light interception – LI95% and LIMax) and two grazing severities (post-grazing canopy heights (CHs) equivalent to 40 and 60% of the pre-grazing heights). Treatments were imposed to experimental units during an adaptation period (from November 2014 to January 2015) and the subsequent experimental period lasted from February 2015 to April 2016, comprising two consecutive pasture growing seasons with no interruption between them (summer I to summer II). The pre-grazing targets of LI95% and LIMax corresponded to CHs of 13 and 18 cm, respectively. Forage peanut showed high grazing tolerance as pre-grazing leaf area index (except during summer I and autumn/winter), total herbage, and leaflet dry matter accumulation varied only with seasons. Higher rates of herbage production were recorded during summer I and summer II, followed by those during late and early spring and autumn/winter. Since there was no difference in the pattern of herbage accumulation between LI95% and LIMax and stolons predominated at the bottom of the canopies, forage peanut may be rotationally grazed with greater flexibility than most tropical forage grasses. Recommended pre-grazing CHs are within 13 and 18 cm, and post-grazing heights between 40 and 60% of the pre-grazing height.

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