Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Behavior in a Long-Term Fertilization Experiment

Basic soil productivity (BSP) is the ability of a soil, in its normal environment to support plant growth. However, the assessment of BSP remains controversial. The aim of this study is to quantify and analyze the trends of BSP in winter wheat seasons using the decision support system for agrotechnologie transfer (DSSAT) model under a long-term fertilization experiment in the dark loessal soil region of the Loess Plateau of China. In addition, we evaluated the contribution percentage of BSP to yield and its influencing factors. A long-term fertilization experiment with a winter wheat/spring maize rotation was established in 1979 in a field of the Gaoping Agronomy Farm, Pingliang, Gansu, China, including six treatments: (1) no fertilizer as a control (CK), (2) chemical nitrogen fertilizer input annually (N), (3) chemical nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer input annually (NP), (4) straw return and chemical nitrogen fertilizer input annually plus phosphorus fertilizer added every second year (SNP), (5) manure input annually (M), and (6) M plus N and P fertilizers added annually (MNP). The application of the DSSAT-CERES-Wheat model showed a satisfactory performance with good Wilmott d-index (0.78~0.95) and normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) (7.03%~18.72%) values for the tested genetic parameters of winter wheat. After the 26-years experiment, the yield by BSP of winter wheat under the M and MNP treatment significantly increased, at the rate of 2.7% and 3.82% a year, respectively, whereas that of CK and N treatments significantly decreased, at the rate of 0.23% and 3.03%. Moreover, the average contribution percentage of BSP to yield was 47.0%, 39.4%, 56.3%, 50.0%, and 61.9% in N, NP, SNP, M, and MNP treatments, respectively. In addition, soil organic carbon contents were the main controls of BSP under the different fertilization conditions in the dark loessial soil area. As a result, the combined application of organic fertilizer or straw and chemical fertilizer can be an effective form of fertilization management to greatly enrich basic soil productivity, continually promote the contribution percentage of BSP, and ultimately increase crop yield.

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Different Response of Grain Yield to Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus in Red Soil as Based on the Long-Term Fertilization Experiment

Eurasian Soil Science ◽

10.1134/s1064229318130021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (12) ◽

pp. 1507-1513

Author(s):

Liu Kailou ◽

Li Yazhen

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Red Soil ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Fertilization Experiment ◽

Different Response

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Mineralogical impact on long-term patterns of soil nitrogen and phosphorus enzyme activities

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.09.016 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 68 ◽

pp. 31-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Stephanie Turner ◽

Axel Schippers ◽

Sandra Meyer-Stüve ◽

Georg Guggenberger ◽

Norman Gentsch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus

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Effects of Long-Term Irrigation and Nitrogen Regimes on Soil Nitrogen Con-tent and Paste Property of Wheat Grain

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1006.2018.01067 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 1067 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sha-Sha LI ◽

Geng MA ◽

Wei-Xing LIU ◽

Juan KANG ◽

Yu-Lu CHEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Wheat Grain

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Long-term field fertilization experiment with energy willow (Salix sp.) − Elemental composition and chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaves

Agrokémia és Talajtan ◽

10.1556/0088.2018.67.1.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 91-103

Author(s):

László Simon ◽

Marianna Makádi ◽

György Vincze ◽

Zsuzsanna Uri ◽

Katalin Irinyiné Oláh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Energy Crop ◽

Municipal Sewage ◽

Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽

Fertilization Experiment ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Set Up ◽

Leaf Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Term Field

A small-plot long-term field fertilization experiment was set up in 2011 with willow (Salix triandra x Salix viminalis ’Inger’) grown as an energy crop in Nyíregyháza, Hungary. The brown forest soil was treated three times (in June 2011, May 2013, May 2016) with municipal biocompost (MBC), municipal sewage sludge compost (MSSC) or willow ash (WA), and twice (June 2011, May 2013) with rhyolite tuff (RT). In late May – early June 2016 urea (U) and sulphuric urea (SU) fertilizers were also applied to the soil as top-dressing (TD). These fertilizers and amendments were also applied to the soil in 2016 in the combinations; MBC+SU, RT+SU, WA+SU and MSSC+WA. All the treatments were repeated four times. In July 2016 the highest nitrogen concentrations in willow leaves were measured in the U (3.47 m/m%) and SU (3.01 m/m%) treatments, and these values were significantly higher than the control (2.46 m/m%). An excess of nitrogen considerably reduced the Zn uptake of the leaves, with values of 39.5 μg g-1 in the U treatment, 53.4 μg g-1 in the SU treatment, and 63.5 μg g-1 in the control. All other amendments or TDs, except for WA, enhanced the specific potassium concentrations in willow leaves compared to the control. No significant quantities of toxic elements (As, Ba, Cd, Pb) were transported from soil amendments or TDs to the willow leaves. In July 2016 the most intensive leaf chlorophyll fluorescence was observed in the MSSC and MSSC+WA treatments.

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Effects of long-term nitrogen and phosphorus additions on soil acidification in an N-rich tropical forest

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.09.017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 285 ◽

pp. 57-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Qinggong Mao ◽

Xiankai Lu ◽

Kaijun Zhou ◽

Hao Chen ◽

Xiaomin Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forest ◽

Soil Acidification ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus

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Long-term effect of cropping system and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on production and nitrogen economy of grain crops in a Brown Chernozem

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p03-215 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 85 (1) ◽

pp. 81-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

C. A. Campbell ◽

R. P. Zentner ◽

F. Selles ◽

P. G. Jefferson ◽

B. G. McConkey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Crop Production ◽

N Uptake ◽

Yield Response ◽

Average Response ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

N Yield ◽

P Fertilizer

Assessment of the long-term impact of fertilizers and other management factors on crop production and environmental sustainability of cropping systems in the semi-arid Canadian prairies is needed. This paper discusses the long-term influence of N and P fertilizers on crop production, N uptake and water use of hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and the effect of the preceding crop type [flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) and fall rye (Secale cereale L.)] on wheat grown on a medium-textured, Orthic Brown Chernozem at Swift Current, Saskatchewan. We analysed 36 yr of results (1967–2002) from eight crop rotation-fertility treatments: viz., fallow-wheat receiving N and P (F-W, N + P), three F-W-W treatments fertilized with (i) N + P, (ii) P only, and (iii) N only; two other 3-yr mixed rotations with N + P (i) F-flax-W (F-Flx-W) and (ii) F-fall rye-W (F-Rye-W); and two continuous wheat rotations (Cont W), one receiving N + P and the other only P. Growing season weather conditions during the 36-yr period were near the long-term mean, but the first 22 yr were generally drier than normal while the last 14 yr (1989–2002) had average to above-average growing conditions. This was partly responsible for grain and N yield being greater in the latter period than in the first 22 yr. The 36-yr average response of wheat grown on fallow to P fertilizer was 339 kg ha-1, while the response to N fertilizer over this period was only 123 kg ha-1. The 36-yr average response of wheat grown on stubble to N was 344 kg ha-1 for F-W-(W) and 393 kg ha-1 for Cont W. Neither flax nor fall rye influenced the yield response of the following wheat crops. Annualized grain production for F-W (N + P), F-W-W (+ N) and F-W-W (+ P) rotations were similar (1130 kg ha-1 yr-1); this was about 15% lower than for F-W-W (N + P), 40% lower than for Cont W (N + P), and 5% lower than for Cont W (+ P). Annualized aboveground N yield for Cont W (N + P) was 57% higher than for Cont W (+ P). Regressions were developed relating straw to grain yields for wheat, flax and fall rye. The amount of NO3-N left in the soil was directly related to amount of N applied and inversely to N removed in the crop. Thus, F-(W)-W (+ N) left about 28% more NO3-N in the rooting zone than F-(W)-W (N + P), while F-W-(W) (N + P) left 20% more than F-W-(W) (+ P), and Cont W (N + P) left 39% more than Cont W (+ P). F-Rye-W (N + P) left much less NO3-N in the soil than any other fallow-containing system and similar amounts to Cont W (N + P). Key words: Yields, grain protein, N and P fertilizer, straw/grain regressions, water use, soil nitrate

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