How Do Human Capital Assets Affect Cumulative Abnormal Returns During Merger and Acquisition Announcements?

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surasak (Matt) Ngammekchai
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Merger And Acquisition ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
Capital Assets ◽  
Acquisition Announcements

The Second Financial Reform and the Development of Financial Industry in Taiwan

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 75-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Hsiung Wu
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Merger And Acquisition ◽  
Financial Reform ◽  
Sample Period ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
Cost Efficiencies ◽  
Merger Announcement

All 11 cases of listed banks in Taiwan involved in merger and acquisition during 2000–2006 are examined. In this paper, the cumulative abnormal returns of acquiring banks two days after merger announcement are found to be negative, although target banks' shareholders enjoy higher abnormal returns. For acquiring banks, the post-merger cost efficiencies are not improved. State-owned banks are more efficient and profitable. Operating restrictions on banks and the recession during sample period are the major reasons. It is also suggested that several state-owned banks should be preserved as a means of improving social welfare.

scholarly journals Acquisitions of Financially Constrained Targets

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Maslinawati Mohamad ◽  
Surendranath Rakesh Jory ◽  
Nnamdi Madichie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
Wealth Transfer ◽  
Stock Market Reaction ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
Acquisition Announcements

We examine the extent to which bidders’ stock returns at acquisition announcements reflect the financing needs of the target firm. Using a sample of the United States mergers and acquisitions of a period starts in 1985 and ends in 2012, we find that bidders of financially constrained targets pay lower acquisition premiums and earn higher announcement period cumulative abnormal returns than bidders of unconstrained targets. The lower premium and positive stock market reaction are both sources of value for bidders’ shareholders. Our results contrast the findings of the literature that document an insignificant wealth transfer to bidder shareholders.

scholarly journals Stock Market Reactions to Financing and Payment Decisions for European Mergers and Acquisitions

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-89
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Bessler ◽  
David Kruizenga ◽  
Wim Westerman
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Reactions ◽  
Valuation Effects ◽  
Payment Methods ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Acquisition Announcements ◽  
Stock Market Reactions

Aim: We analyze stock market reactions to merger and acquisition announcements for firms in Europe and contribute to the literature by providing empirical evidence how the decisions with respect to alternative financing sources (equity or debt) and the methods of payment (cash or stock) affect the magnitude of the valuation effects.   Research design: An event study methodology is applied to 717 M&A transactions. We analyze the size of the cumulative abnormal returns using the financing sources and payment methods and other variables as the relevant determinants.   Findings: The cumulative abnormal results suggest that target shareholders and bidder shareholders in private deals benefit from mergers and acquisitions. The effect found is centered around the announcement date, making our findings consistent with market efficiency. Debt financed deals outperform equity financed deals and cash paid M&A outperform stock paid M&As, due to information asymmetry, signaling and agency effects.   Originality: This study adds to our understanding of the relevance of the financing sources and the payment methods for mergers and acquisitions in Europe.   Implications: This study may help practitioners to better assess the valuation effects of alternative financing sources and payment methods when acquiring other firms.     JEL: G32, G34

scholarly journals Market reaction to bank merger and acquisition events in Brazil: an analysis of the effects of market waves

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (80) ◽  
pp. 234-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Gabriel de Moraes Souza ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Market Reaction ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Merger And Acquisition ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Accounting Performance ◽  
Bank Merger ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
Merger Analysis ◽  
Research Gap

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to investigate the stock market’s reaction to bank merger and acquisition (M&A) events in Brazil when the market is heated. This article aims to fill the research gap involving bank M&As and their effects, especially those arising from M&A waves. This field remains open in the literature; there is no consensus as to the abnormal returns the investor can expect from this mechanism. The notion that bank M&A markets heat up is discussed and still does not present a consensus in the literature. Therefore, topics that involve research on specific M&A strategies and their effects are interesting for the literature. The results of this research point to the emergence of positive cumulative abnormal returns for rivals of newly-merged acquiring banks and zero ones for acquired banks. This analysis occurs because in heated markets the probability of rival banks becoming involved in M&As increases, leading to market gains and greater market power for acquiring banks and the rapid pricing of acquired bank assets. This result corroborates with the post-merger analysis, in which the accounting performance indicators of the acquiring banks are positive. The market reaction was verified through the use of the event study econometric technique, which was applied in the investigation of the occurrence of abnormal returns in time windows of up to 41 days around the bank M&A events. The study measured the stock market’s reaction to a motivation for M&As, which is the effect of M&A waves. This article contributes to the literature by highlighting specific forms of bank M&As. In particular, the logic of merger by market forces is addressed. This mechanism of mergers by market forces is presented as evidence of the tendency for M&As and not of paid-in earnings.

scholarly journals Impact of Merger and Acquisition Announcements on Stock Return, Volatility and Liquidity of Acquirers: Evidence from the Indian Banking Sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinky Mal ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Event Study ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Stock Return ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Merger And Acquisition ◽  
Stock Volatility ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Acquisition Announcements ◽  
Event Study Methodology

This study attempts to examine the stock behaviour of acquirer banks during pre and post-merger and acquisition (M&A) announcement period in the Indian banking sector. Data of M&A events that took place in the Indian banking sector during 2000-2018 was collected from the prowessdx database. The sample consisted of 31 merger and 351 acquisition announcements during 2000-2018 in the Indian Banking sector. Stock prices of sample banks were extracted from the NSE for an event window of -10 to +10 days and the event study methodology was used for analysis. The results suggest that shareholders of Indian acquirer banks generate small and insignificant abnormal returns from M&A deals. Return variability was also noticed from the curvy jumps in the average abnormal spread of returns during the announcement period. Whereas, the average abnormal change in liquidity witnessed a sharp hike on day 0 i.e. the date of deal announcement and it remained negative throughout the post-deal period. KEYWORDS: Mergers and Acquisitions, Stock Return, Stock Volatility, Stock Liquidity, Event Study Methodology.

scholarly journals Acquisitions of Financially Constrained Targets.

2018 ◽  
pp. 868-877
Author(s):  
Maslinawati Mohamad ◽  
Surendranath Rakesh Jory ◽  
Nnamdi Madichie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
The United States ◽  
Target Firm ◽  
Wealth Transfer ◽  
Stock Market Reaction ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
Acquisition Announcements

We examine the extent to which bidders’ stock returns at acquisition announcements reflect the financing needs of the target firm. Using a sample of the United States mergers and acquisitions of a period starts in 1985 and ends in 2012, we find that bidders of financially constrained targets pay lower acquisition premiums and earn higher announcement period cumulative abnormal returns than bidders of unconstrained targets. The lower premium and positive stock market reaction are both sources of value for bidders’ shareholders. Our results contrast the findings of the literature that document an insignificant wealth transfer to bidder shareholders.

The Relationship Between Cumulative Abnormal Returns And Earnings: Evidence From Emerging Markets

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-368
Author(s):  
Wasim Al-Shattarat ◽  
Basiem K. Al-Shattarat
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
The Relationship

Cryptocurrency bubble risk and the FOMC announcements during COVID-19 black swan event

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Jarboui ◽  
Emna Mnif
Keyword(s):  
Federal Reserve ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
Federal Open Market Committee ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cumulative Abnormal Returns ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose After the COVID-19 outbreak, the Federal Reserve has undertaken several monetary policies to alleviate the pandemic consequences on the markets. This paper aims to evaluate the effects of the Federal Reserve monetary policy on the cryptocurrency dynamics during the COVID19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach We examine the response and feedback effects via an event study methodology. For this purpose, abnormal returns (AR) and cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) around the first FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee) announcement related to the COVID-19 pandemic for the top five cryptocurrencies are explored. We, further investigate the effect of the eight FOMC statement announcements during the COVID19 pandemic on these cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, Tether, Litecoin, and Ripple). In the above-mentioned crypto-currency markets, we investigate the presence of bubbles by using the PSY test. We then examine the concordance of the dates of these bubbles with the dates of the FOMC announcements. Findings The empirical results show that the first FOMC event has a negative significant effect after 4 days of the announcement date for all studied cryptocurrencies except Tether. The results also indicate that cumulative abnormal returns are significant during the event windows of (−3,8), (−3,9), and (−3,10). Besides, we find that Bitcoin, Ethereum and, Litecoin lived short bubbles lasting for a few days. However, Ripple and Tether markets present no bubbles and no explosive periods. Research limitations/implications This paper presents trained proof that FOMC announcements have a positive effect on volatility's predictive capacity. This work therefore promotes the study of the data quality of volatility in future research as well. Practical implications The justified effect of the FOMC announcements on cryptocurrency as a speculative asset has practical implications for investors in building their trading strategies in anticipation of the next FOMC announcement. Therefore, this study implies that the FOMC announcements contain very relevant information for investors in the cryptocurrency market. This research may not only encourage a better understanding of the evolution of the expectations of policymakers, but also facilitate a better understanding of how these expectations are developed. Originality/value The COVID-19 pandemic has disturbed the stability of financial markets, inciting the Fed to take some monetary regulations. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first one that analyses the response of five major cryptocurrencies to FOMC announcements during COVID 19 pandemic and associates these dates with bubble occurrences.

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