scholarly journals Cruise Tourism Externalities and Residents' Support: A Generalized Ordered Logit Analysis

Author(s):  
Juan Gabriel Brida ◽  
Giacomo Del Chiappa ◽  
Marta Meleddu ◽  
Manuela Pulina
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siskarossa Ika Oktora ◽  
Ika Yuni Wulansari ◽  
Geri Yesa Ermawan

Abstract The main source of funding of BPJS Kesehatan comes from the different premium class in which the participant registered. The medical benefits among classes are equivalent, except inpatient facilities. But when the improvement health degree is not linear with the incurred costs, problem would arise. This study aims to analyze class shifting and determinants of BPJS Kesehatan mem- bership. Around 1.53 percent of participants access higher classes, while 5.62 percent access lower classes. Class III participants with inpatient status severity level 2 and 3, reaching 41% and 43%, respectively. In addition, 60% of non-PBI participants are Class II premium participants; most of them are male, productive age, and workers. This research using Generalized Ordered Log- it-Unconstrained Partial Proportional Odds Model concludes that participants who are married tend to choose higher premium class. Whereas productive age participants and a worker is in the lower premium class. The recommendation is the evaluation of membership based on class premium contributions considering potential participants (productive age and workers) who tend should be conducted in a lower class. Although mutual assistance is the principle of National Health Insurance, specific mechanisms should be established to examine the relation of age and health status to each participant regarding the difference in the registered class, besides their economic factors. Abstrak Pendanaan utama BPJS Kesehatan adalah iuran peserta yang besarnya tergantung dari kelas premi yang didaftarkan peser- ta. Manfaat medis setiap kelas adalah setara kecuali fasilitas ruang inap. Di sisi lain, hal ini dapat menimbulkan permasalahan ketika derajat kesehatan tidak linier dengan biaya yang seharusnya dikeluarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat per- bedaan antara kelas premi saat peserta mengakses pelayanan kesehatan dengan kelas premi yang didaftarkan. Ditemukan 1,53 persen peserta mengakses kelas lebih tinggi dibanding kelas yang terdaftar, dan 5,62 persen peserta yang mengakses kelas lebih rendah dibanding kelas yang terdaftar. Berdasarkan tingkat keparahan saat menjalani rawat inap, diketahui bah- wa peserta kelas III dengan status rawat inap tingkat keparahan 3 (berat) dan 2 (sedang) masing-masing mencapai 41% dan 43%. Selain itu hampir 60 persen peserta yang membayar iuran sesuai dengan ketentuan yang ditetapkan (non PBI) adalah peserta iuran premi Kelas II yang sebagian besar merupakan peserta laki-laki, berusia produktif, dan berstatus sebagai pekerja. Hasil analisis dengan metode Generalized Ordered Logit-Unconstrained Partial Proportional Odds Model disimpulkan bahwa peserta berstatus kawin cenderung berada pada kelas premi yang lebih tinggi. Sedangkan peserta usia produktif serta peserta dengan status pekerja cenderung berada pada kelas premi yang lebih rendah. Rekomendasi yang diberikan adalah evaluasi kepesertaan berdasarkan iuran premi kelas dapat dilakukan kembali mengingat peserta potensial (usia produktif dan berstatus sebagai pekerja) cenderung berada pada kelas yang lebih rendah. Selain itu meskipun asas gotong royong menjadi prinsip pelaksanaan Program JKN, namun sebaiknya dapat dibuat mekanisme tertentu agar dapat dicermati terkait dengan faktor usia dan derajad kesehatan peserta terhadap perbedaan kelas premi peserta yang didaftarkan tanpa mengabaikan kemampuan ekonomi yang bersangkutan.


Author(s):  
Qiang Zeng ◽  
Wei Hao ◽  
Jaeyoung Lee ◽  
Feng Chen

This study presents an empirical investigation of the impacts of real-time weather conditions on the freeway crash severity. A Bayesian spatial generalized ordered logit model was developed for modeling the crash severity using the hourly wind speed, air temperature, precipitation, visibility, and humidity, as well as other observed factors. A total of 1424 crash records from Kaiyang Freeway, China in 2014 and 2015 were collected for the investigation. The proposed model can simultaneously accommodate the ordered nature in severity levels and spatial correlation across adjacent crashes. Its strength is demonstrated by the existence of significant spatial correlation and its better model fit and more reasonable estimation results than the counterparts of a generalized ordered logit model. The estimation results show that an increase in the precipitation is associated with decreases in the probabilities of light and severe crashes, and an increase in the probability of medium crashes. Additionally, driver type, vehicle type, vehicle registered province, crash time, crash type, response time of emergency medical service, and horizontal curvature and vertical grade of the crash location, were also found to have significant effects on the crash severity. To alleviate the severity levels of crashes on rainy days, some engineering countermeasures are suggested, in addition to the implemented strategies.


1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hotaka Katahira

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Adella Albert Ng’atigwa ◽  
Aloyce Hepelwa ◽  
Mastewal Yami ◽  
Victor Manyong

Involvement of youth in horticulture agribusiness has become a vital approach to create employment opportunities among the youth in Tanzania. This study aimed at examining the extent of youth participation and factors influencing youth involvement in horticulture agribusiness with a focus on innovations in post-harvest management (PHM). Data were collected from a sample of 576 male and female youth in Njombe region using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using an ordered logit model and descriptive statistics. Results of the ordered logit analysis showed that primary school education, Form IV and above, management innovation, access to credit, good perception of horticulture for agribusiness and improved packaging materials positively and significantly influence youth involvement in horticulture agribusiness. Gender and land size had a negative and significant influence on youth involvement in horticulture agribusiness, as indicated by higher percentages of male youth (59%) participation in the horticulture agribusiness. Therefore, this study suggests increased investment in capacity development of the youth on PHM innovations and the development of rural infrastructure such as agro-processing and storage facilities by the government and private sector. Increasing the availability of improved packaging materials and provision of youth-friendly credit schemes could encourage youth in horticulture agribusiness.


2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 304-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kemal Çelik ◽  
Abdulkerim Karaaslan

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine predictors of social network services use among college students at two Turkish universities, with particular emphasis on Facebook, Twitter, Foursquare, and Instagram. Design/methodology/approach – A written questionnaire was administered to 822 college students from various faculties. The data obtained from the corresponding questionnaire were analyzed using ordered logit analysis and four different models were independently estimated with respect to social network services. Findings – Ordered logit estimation results revealed that frequency of log in to social network sites, time spent on social network sites, and following event alerts were three predictors that had significant impact on the frequency of all four social network sites’ use. Particularly; event participation, information sharing, following on top ranked topics, and purchasing a product through social media were the other additional predictors of college students’ willingness to use the corresponding social network sites. Originality/value – Although a vast literature exists on the use of social network services among college students, relatively little work was published which compares several social network services and predictors of their use. This paper may contribute to the existing literature by presenting the predictors of college students’ use of four different social network services in a specific area of Turkey and providing a comprehensive comparison between them.


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