Imperfect Information, Lending Standards and Capital Requirements

The paper considers monitoring of environmental change as the central element of environmental regulation. Monitoring, as each kind of principalagent relations, easily gives rise to corruptive behavior. In the paper we analyze economic models of environmental monitoring with high costs, incomplete information and corruption. These models should be the elements of environmental economics and are needed to create an effective system of nature protection measures.

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Basel Capital Adequacy Ratio Standard in The Light of Islamic Law Perspective

International Conference of Moslem Society ◽

10.24090/icms.2016.1833 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 308-317

Author(s):

Adi Rahmanur Ibnu

Keyword(s):

Financial Crises ◽

Global Economy ◽

Banking Sector ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Capital Requirements ◽

Capital Adequacy ◽

Minimum Capital ◽

Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽

Global Banking ◽

Banking Development

Bank is one of the most important pillars of economy activities. However, banking sector has a real potential crisis threat. Alongside with the steady current global banking development, financial crises that have happened clearly affected global economy. Based on that situation, BIS (Bank for International Settlement) – an international financial standard setting organization, realizes the urgency to establishan international financial standard and supervision to anticipate future potential financial crises. This research aims to identify how Capital Adequacy Ratio Standard in Basel Capital Accord (II) based on Islamic law perspective. The research is conducted by analyzing Basel Capital Accord published by BIS. The research uses library research method to find out the aimed result. The focus is on the 1st pillar of Basel II publication that is Minimum Capital Requirements (CAR) policy. CAR, as an Islamic economics policy, will be analyzed using falāḥ approach. Falāḥ is an Islamic economics objective that consists of happiness, success, accomplishment or good luck concept. The earthly dimension of falāḥ has some parameters that can be used to analyze Islamic economics policy. Additionally, the Islamic fiqh maxim takes part in analyzing the policy. The maṣlaḥat concept in fiqh maxim approach shares aim with falāḥ concept in the sense that all of sharia law aims for success, happiness, eternal survival etc. The maṣlaḥat can be accomplished by extinguishing mafsadat or seizing maṣlaḥat. The maṣlaḥat aspect is essential to determine the compatibility Basel Capital Accord with jurisprudential maxim i.e harm must be dispelled (al-dharāru yuzāl). The conclusion results are, 1) Basel Capital Accord focuses on macro-prudential aspect in order to anticipate potential financial crises, 2) beneficial/interest (maṣlaḥat) aspects of the hereafter, cooperation principle, justice, fairness and the prohibition of exploitation are not the core value of Basel Capital Accord frame work, thus 3) the achievement of maslahat as intended by sharia i.e. jurisprudential maxim are not convincing. Therefore, 4) Basel Capital Accord as a regulation basis is not in line with jurisprudential maxim i.e harm must be dispelled (al-dharāru yuzāl).

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Fair Value Accounting and Regulatory Capital Requirements

CFA Digest ◽

10.2469/dig.v29.n2.454 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 10-11

Author(s):

S. Brooks Marshall

Keyword(s):

Fair Value ◽

Capital Requirements ◽

Regulatory Capital ◽

Fair Value Accounting

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strategi dalam pengambilan keputusan

10.31227/osf.io/6j9qf ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Suci Handayani Handayani ◽

Hade Afriansyah

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Imperfect Information ◽

Economic Value ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Administrative Process ◽

Left Behind ◽

Information Time ◽

Complex Matter ◽

General Individuals

Decision making is one element of economic value, especially in the era of globalization, and if it is not acceptable in the decision making process, we will be left behind. According to Robins, (2003: 173), Salusu, (2000: 47), and Razik and Swanson, (1995: 476) say that decision making can be interpreted as a process of choosing a number of alternatives, how to act in accordance with concepts, or rules in solving problems to achieve individual or group goals that have been formulated using a number of specific techniques, approaches and methods and achieve optimal levels of acceptance.Decision making in organizations whether a decision is made for a person or group, the nature of the decision is often determined by rules, policies, prescribed, instructions that have been derived or practices that apply. To understand decision making within the organization it is useful to view decision making as part of the overall administrative process. In general, individuals tend to use simple strategies, even if in any complex matter, to get the desired solution, because the solution is limited by imperfect information, time and costs, limited thinking and psychological stress experienced by decision makers.

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Islamic Banking Regulations in Light of Basel II

American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences ◽

10.35632/ajiss.v27i1.357 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 74-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Kabir Hassan ◽

Muhammad Abdul Mannan Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Financial Institutions ◽

Banking Regulation ◽

Capital Requirements ◽

Basel Ii ◽

Capital Adequacy ◽

Regulatory Agencies ◽

Islamic Banking ◽

Islamic Banks ◽

Minimum Capital ◽

Regulatory Standards

This paper seeks to determine whether the existing regulatory standards and supervisory framework are adequate to ensure the viability, strength, and continued expansion of Islamic financial institutions. The reemergence of Islamic banking and the attention given to it by regulators around the globe as to the implications of a recently issued Basel II banking regulation makes this article timely. The Basel II framework, which is based on minimum capital requirements, a supervisory review process, and the effective use of market discipline, aligns capital adequacy with banking risks and provides an incentive for financial institutions to enhance risk management and their system of internal controls. Like conventional banks, Islamic banks operate under different regulatory regimes. The still diverse views held by the regulatory agencies of different countries on Islamic banking and finance operations make it harder to assess the overall performance of international Islamic banks. In light of the increased financial innovation and diversity of instruments offered in Islamic finance, the need to improve the transparency of bank operations is particularly relevant for Islamic banks. While product diversity is important in maintaining their competitiveness, it also requires increased transparency and disclosure to improve the understanding of markets and regulatory agencies. The governance of Islamic banks is made even more complex by the need for these banks to meet a set of ethical and financial standards defined by the Shari`ah and the nature of the financial contracts banks use to mobilize deposits. Effective transparency in this area will greatly enhance their credibility and reinforce their depositors and investors’ level of confidence.

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