Racial Differences in Labor Market Transitions and the Great Recession

This chapter analyzes youth labor market dynamics, their structure, and their policy implications, focusing on selected European Union countries during the various stages of the Great Recession and comparing flows between labor market statuses for young people (aged 16–34 years) with those for prime-age individuals (aged 35–54 years). The flow approach views labor market transitions as a state-dependent process, simultaneously involving all movements of individuals between employment, unemployment, and inactivity. The main result is that young workers are more likely to move between employment and unemployment in both directions. This is instructive for assessing the gap in the labor market prospects of the two age groups and particularly for understanding differences in the evolution of youth and prime-age unemployment rates. The socioeconomic determinants of transitions between employment and unemployment in both directions are estimated, with the aim of illustrating the depth of age-based labor market segmentation and marginalization.

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Comparing Youth Transitions in Europe

Youth Labor in Transition ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190864798.003.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-29

Author(s):

Jacqueline O’Reilly ◽

Janine Leschke ◽

Renate Ortlieb ◽

Martin Seeleib-Kaiser ◽

Paola Villa

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Social Reproduction ◽

Youth Unemployment ◽

Early Career ◽

The Great Recession ◽

Labor Market Transitions ◽

Economic Production ◽

Youth Labor Market ◽

Inclusive Analysis ◽

Market Transitions

This introductory chapter outlines the key trends and debates concerning the rapid growth of youth unemployment and early career labor market insecurity in Europe. It discusses new forms of segmentation and the distinction between “poorly integrated youth” and those “left behind” in relation to gender, ethnicity, and class inequalities. The chapter begins by contextualizing European youth employment trends. Subsequently, it examines how European countries have performed in relation to integrating young people into work, as captured by the use of different indicators and typologies in comparative research on youth transition regimes. It points to how these types of analysis affect policy debates. Providing an overview of the contributions to this volume, it suggests that an inclusive analysis of both the sphere of social reproduction and economic production are required to improve our understanding of youth labor market transitions and insecurity since the Great Recession.

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Can Workers in Low-End Occupations Climb the Job Ladder?

Economic Development Quarterly ◽

10.1177/0891242419838324 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 92-106

Author(s):

Todd Gabe ◽

Jaison R. Abel ◽

Richard Florida

Keyword(s):

Great Recession ◽

The United States ◽

Short Term ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Great Recession ◽

Labor Market Transitions ◽

Study Results ◽

Using Data ◽

Market Transitions ◽

The U.S

There is growing concern over rising economic inequality, the decline of the middle class, and a polarization of the U.S. workforce. This study examines the extent to which workers in the United States transition from low-end to higher-quality occupations, and explores the factors associated with such a move up the job ladder. Using data covering the expansion following the Great Recession (2011-2017) and focusing on short-term (i.e., less than 1 year) labor market transitions, the authors find that just slightly more than 5% of workers in low-end occupations moved into a higher-quality occupation. Instead, around 70% of workers in low-end occupations stayed in the same occupation, 11% exited the labor force, 7% became unemployed, and 6% switched to a different low-end occupation. Study results point to the importance of educational attainment in helping workers successfully climb the job ladder.

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Income inequality and minority labor market dynamics: Medium term effects from the Great Recession

Economics Letters ◽

10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109717 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 199 ◽

pp. 109717

Author(s):

Salvador Contreras ◽

Amit Ghosh ◽

Iftekhar Hasan

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Income Inequality ◽

Great Recession ◽

Market Dynamics ◽

Medium Term ◽

The Great Recession ◽

Labor Market Dynamics

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Autonomes Fahren statt Stop and Go: Vorschläge zur effektiven Gestaltung der deutschen Kurzarbeit

Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik ◽

10.1515/zfwp-2019-2022 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 252-260

Author(s):

Almut Balleer ◽

Britta Gehrke ◽

Brigitte Hochmuth ◽

Christian Merkl

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Business Cycle ◽

Great Recession ◽

Timely Manner ◽

Rule Based ◽

The Great Recession ◽

Stop And Go ◽

Time Work ◽

The Business Cycle ◽

Short Time

Abstract This article argues that short-time work stabilized employment in Germany substantially during the Great Recession in 2008/09. The labor market instrument acted in timely manner, as it was used in a rule-based fashion. In addition, discretionary extensions were effective due to their interaction with the business cycle. To ensure that short-time work will be effective in the future, this article proposes an automatic facilitation of the access to short-time work in severe recessions. This reduces the likelihood of a too extensive use at the wrong point in time as well as structural instead of cyclical interventions.

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