scholarly journals Discourse Markers in Arabic and English Newspaper Articles: The Case of the Arabic Lakin and its English equivalent But

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Nasser Alsager ◽  
Naeem Afzal ◽  
Arwa Abdulaziz Aldawood
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
English Equivalent ◽  
Newspaper Articles

scholarly journals Discourse Markers in Arabic and English Newspaper Articles: The Case of the Arabic Lakin and its English equivalent But

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
Haroon N. Alsager ◽  
Naeem Afzal ◽  
Arwa A .Aldawood
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
English Equivalent ◽  
Newspaper Articles

scholarly journals English lexical items in Egyptian Arabic. Code-switching or borrowing?

2017 ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kniaź
Keyword(s):  
Arab World ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Functional Variation ◽  
American University ◽  
Standard Arabic ◽  
Egyptian Arabic ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Arabic And English

The study aims to answer the question of whether lone English items that occur in Arabic-English code-switching are borrowings or code-switches. This is based on empirical data collected at the American University in Cairo. The data were analyzed within the framework of the Matrix Language Frame model. 3443 bilingual projections of complementizer (CP) were investigated. They were divided into two types: (1) CPs with Arabic as the Matrix Language (ML) and (2) CPs with English as the ML. The analysis shows a clear discrepancy between categories of items used in the two types. In Arabic CPs, the most frequently switched category concerns English nouns related to the field of study and academic life as well as Standard Arabic in monolingual discourse. The interviews conducted with the participants in the study revealed that they were mostly used due to the lack of Arabic equivalents at the speakers’ disposal. In English CPs, mainly Arabic conjunctions and discourse markers appear. We claim that this categorial and functional variation between Arabic and English results from the linguistic situation in the Arab world. For bilingual speakers in Arabic diglossic communities, educated in schools with instruction in English and non-proficient in Standard Arabic, English items are the only means to communicate in many fields. Such items become part of their mental lexicon and thus should be considered as borrowings even if they are not established loans.

Explaining connections in Akan discourse

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Aba Appiah Amfo
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Explanatory Relation ◽  
Utterance Interpretation ◽  
English Equivalent

The present paper focuses on the communicative roles of three discourse markers, na, (n)so and nanso, in Akan, a Niger Congo (Kwa branch) language. (N)so is an additive focus marker. Its use gives the addressee an indication that the (n)so-utterance ought to be processed within a parallel context provided by the immediately preceding utterance. It highlights the fact that the kind of parallel context that licenses the use of (n)so is much more lenient than is the case for the use of its English equivalent also/too. Significantly, an explanatory relation is among the inferential relations that may arise as a result of the use of the clausal coordinating connective na, a situation which is not permissible in the case of its English counterpart and. The contrastive marker nanso, much like its English counterpart but, signals that the proposition expressed in a following utterance is contrary to what is to be expected. It is suggested that specific language-internal facts ought to be recognized and accounted for within the pursuit of a general cognitive theory of utterance interpretation.

scholarly journals Discourse Markers in Arabic and English Newspaper Articles: The Case of the Arabic Lakin and its English equivalent But

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haroon Nasser Alsager ◽  
Naeem Afzal ◽  
Arwa Abdulaziz Aldawood
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
English Language ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Discourse markers, as words or phrases, play a significant role in promoting coherent segments of discourse. This paper investigates the use of discourse markers (DMs) in newspaper articles. By applying Fraser’s framework, this study aims at investigating the functions and positions of DM but (English) and its equivalent lakin (Arabic) in newspaper articles written by native and non-native speakers of English and Saudi and Egyptian speakers of Arabic. It also highlights the similarities and differences in the functions and positions of DMs but and lakin. This quantitative study adopts a corpus-based approach. The data consist of articles collected from 12 newspapers categorized as: Arabic language newspapers published in Saudi Arabia (Alriyadh, Al Jazirah, Al-Hayat) and Egypt (Al-Ahram, Al-Gomhuria, Eltahrir) and English language newspapers published in Saudi Arabia (Arab News, Saudi Gazette, Asharq Al-Awsat) and the USA (Washington Post, The New York Times, USA TODAY). Findings demonstrate, first, that DM but is used frequently as a confirmation or addition marker by both native and non-native speakers. However, second, lakin, functions as the primary correction DM in standard Arabic. Moreover, third, the native Arabic speakers mostly share the same functions of using lakin despite different dialects they have. This study also reveals that lakin can be found only in the medial position, whereas, but is found in the initial and medial position. It concludes that DMs but and lakin evidence that functions of DMs proposed by Fraser are universal and they could be generalized.

scholarly journals Computer Programming and Readability Scoring Tests between Arabic and English of Surat Al-Fātiḥah

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1543-1558
Author(s):  
Ibrahem Mohamad Khalefe Bani Abdo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Computer Programming ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Source Text ◽  
English Version ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Holy Book ◽  
English Equivalent ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

The present paper investigates computer programming of the readability feature in Al-Fatihah (Arabic: ٱلْفَاتِحَة‎), the first chapter (Surah) of the Quraan, with its English equivalent and whether the different statistics scores of readability may affect the translation’s value of the holy text (Al-Fatihah) compared to its target text equivalent. This paper uses the computer programming of readability tests. It uses different formulas as (i) Flesch Kincaid Reading Ease; (ii) Flesch Kincaid Grade Level; (iii) Gunning Fog Score; (iv) SMOG Index; (v) Coleman Liau Index; and (vi) Automated Readability Index. These formulas identify the easiness of the source text compare to the translated text (target text). This study identifies the readability scores that may affect the translation text compared to the source text. The study reveals that the readability scoring tests between Arabic (ST), Arabic –Latin (Transliteration), and the target text (TT) English version of Surat Al-Fātiḥah from The holy Book Al Quraan are different. The ST is much easier to read by their audience than the TT readers. It also affirms that the translating process may cause slightly changes in the TT compared to the ST ones. Finally, the lack of knowledge of such computer software during the translating process may increase or decrease the complexity of the text for readers.

Psychometric Parameters of the Spanish Version of the Kuwait University Anxiety Scale (S-KUAS)1

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek ◽  
Joaquin Tomás-Sabádo ◽  
Juana Gómez-Benito
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Kuwait University ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Cross Language ◽  
Language Equivalence

Summary: To construct a Spanish version of the Kuwait University Anxiety Scale (S-KUAS), the Arabic and English versions of the KUAS have been separately translated into Spanish. To check the comparability in terms of meaning, the two Spanish preliminary translations were thoroughly scrutinized vis-à-vis both the Arabic and English forms by several experts. Bilingual subjects served to explore the cross-language equivalence of the English and Spanish versions of the KUAS. The correlation between the total scores on both versions was .93, and the t value was .30 (n.s.), denoting good similarity. The Alphas and 4-week test-retest reliabilities were greater than .84, while the criterion-related validity was .70 against scores on the trait subscale of the STAI. These findings denote good reliability and validity of the S-KUAS. Factor analysis yielded three high-loaded factors of Behavioral/Subjective, Cognitive/Affective, and Somatic Anxiety, equivalent to the original Arabic version. Female (n = 210) undergraduates attained significantly higher mean scores than their male (n = 102) counterparts. For the combined group of males and females, the correlation between the total score on the S-KUAS and age was -.17 (p < .01). By and large, the findings of the present study provide evidence of the utility of the S-KUAS in assessing trait anxiety levels in the Spanish undergraduate context.

Efektifitas Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab 0 (nol) sks dalam membentuk Bi’ah al-‘Arabiyah pada Prodi PAI STIT Raden Wijaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Mustain Mustain
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Effective Learning ◽  
Education Study ◽  
Arabic And English ◽  
Oriented Approach

Arabic subjects are very important to develop the ability to communicate. By learning Arabic, students can understand the conversation and reading in Arabic well. Formal Arabic Studies in Madrasahs are the main means for students to master Arabic. This study aims to: 1) Know the efforts of STI Pati Raden Wijaya Prodi in shaping Arabic environment on Prodi PIT STIT Raden Wijaya. 2) Knowing the supporting factors in shaping Arabic environment on PAI STIT Raden Wijaya Prodi. 3) Knowing the obstacles faced by Prodi PIT STIT Raden Wijaya in shaping Arabic environment at Prodi PIT STIT Raden Wijaya. This study uses oriented approach (paradigm) Descriptive-Qualitative, While the type of research is using case studies (Santoso, 2005). In this study the researchers themselves or with the help of others are the main data collectors. This research was conducted at Tarbiyah High School of Raden Wijaya Kota Mojokerto, on Islamic Religious Education Study Program. In this study, the primary data obtained by researchers is: the results of interviews with the Chairman of the Study Program of Islamic Education and Students Semester I (One). In this study used in analyzing data that has been obtained is by descriptive (non statistical) descriptive that is explorative. The conclusions of this research are: 1) Effort-uaha done Prodi in making effective learning arab language in Prodi PIT STIT Raden Wijaya are: a. He held yaum al-'araby twice a week on Friday. b. It was called shabah al-lughah a week twice before ta'lim afkar al-islamy began. c. The existence of study club on each mabna. 2) Factors that become supporters in forming bi'ah al-'arabiyah are: a. Attachment of mufradat in strategic places. b. Make plaques that are written / spoken in Arabic to make it easier to remember. c. Songs in foreign languages ​​(Arabic and English) to increase students' insight in developing the language. 3) The constraints faced in creating bi'ah al-'arabiyah namely: a. Ability and basic students are different. b. There is no class classification that suits the ability of each student. c. Lack of facilities / facilities and infrastructure. d. Competence musyrif / ah who are not all able to speak. e. The curriculum and materials that are presented have not been neatly arranged. f. The absence of a strict iqob for students who do not communicate arabic language everyday.

Reference Terms for North Korean Defectors Seen in Newspaper Articles

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-sook Choi
Keyword(s):  
North Korean Defectors ◽  
Newspaper Articles

Interpreters' treatment of discourse markers in courtroom questions

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Hale
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers

The socio-communicative function of two discourse markers in Spanish

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Communicative Function
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