Improving Process Stability, Biogas Production and Energy Recovery Using Two-Stage Mesophilic Anaerobic Codigestion of Rice Wastewater with Cow Dung Slurry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srisowmeya G ◽  
Chakravarthy M ◽  
Argho Bakshi ◽  
Nandhini Devi Ganesan
2018 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 188-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Janke ◽  
Sören Weinrich ◽  
Athaydes F. Leite ◽  
Heike Sträuber ◽  
Claudemir M. Radetski ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 344-349
Author(s):  
Xiao Ju Zhang ◽  
Shi Jie Li

This paper inoculated kitchen waste with activated sludge and fresh cow dung to explore the acidification and fermentation separated two-stage fermentation biogas process, in order to get acclimation acidification bacteria and methanogenic bacteria, high total solids content (TS) fermentation process, reduce the hydraulic load and shorten the fermentation cycle. The physiochemical characteristics of kitchen waste were that TS is 22.9%,the volatile solids (VS) is 11.7%, initial pH value is 6. The biogas producing process was as follow: Adjusting the TS of kitchen waste to 11.5% ,with 10% inoculum quantity, fermented at 37 °C , monitoring and adjusting pH. There were two biogas producing peak , and biogas production cycle was 15 days. The two-stage fermentation biogas process was as follow: Acidized the material of 22.9%TS for 5 days, Feeding the acidized material at the ratio of 1/4 to the vigorous biogas reaction system, then pH reduced but the biogas production was normal. After 5 days, pH raised and the second batch of material could be added. Feeding materials to the acidification tank and fermentation tank continuously, which can gradually get good acclimation acidification bacteria and methanogenic bacteria. Refluxing the biogas to acidification tank and methane fermentation tank, which can mix the materials evenly, shorten the fermentation cycle, improve the efficiency of the acidification and biogas production.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purwinda Iriani ◽  
Yanti Suprianti ◽  
Fitria Yulistiani

Produksi biogas pada skala rumah tangga umumnya menggunakan teknologi fermentasi anaerobik di dalam satu biodigester (satu tahap), yang mengakomodasi dua tahap utama prinsip pembentukan biogas, yakni tahap asetogenesis dan tahap metanogenesis. Permasalahan yang muncul dari penggunaan digester biogas satu tahap adalah ketidakseimbangan proses fermentasi (peningkatan laju beban organik, waktu retensi senyawa organik yang lebih cepat, dan produktivitas biogas yang menjadi tidak maksimal). Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan melakukan produksi biogas melalui sistem fermentasi anaerobik dua-tahap (two-stage anaerobic digestion), yang didukung dengan pengaturan pH pada proses metanogenik. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan proses aklimatisasi (aktivasi) bakteri yang menunjang proses asetogenik dan metanogenik pada skala laboratorium (19 L), dan selanjutnya menjadi inokulum untuk proses fermentasi skala pilot dengan kapasitas biodigester asetogenik 125 L dan metanogenik 500 L. Hasil proses aklimatisasi bakteri asetogenik pada media kotoran sapi menunjukkan adanya kestabilan pH yang dibutuhkan untuk reaksi asetogenik, yaitu pada kisaran pH 5-6, sedangkan kontrol menunjukkan perubahan pH yang masih ada di rentang pH netral yaitu 6-7. Kotoran sapi yang telah melalui proses asetogenik selama 2 minggu (pH awal 5,5), menjadi bahan baku pembuatan biogas pada digester metanogenik. Hasil dari proses metanogenik menunjukkan terjadinya peningkatan volume biogas dan komposisi gas metana (CH4) di dalam biogas. Komposisi CH4 tertinggi diperoleh pada hari ke-20 yakni 74,82% dengan volume produksi biogas tertinggi ada pada hari ke-22, dengan laju 8,87 L/hari. Potensi energi tertinggi yang diperoleh mencapai 217,66 kJ/hari.Generally, biogas production on the household scale is using one-stage anaerobic fermentation technology, which accommodates two main processes of biogas production, namely acetogenesis and methanogenesis. An obstacle of using one-stage biogas digester is the imbalance of the fermentation process that indicated by the increase of organic load rate and shorter retention time that lead to un-optimal biogas productivity. This research undertook the application of two-stage anaerobic digestion, supported by adjusting the initial pH for both acetogenic and methanogenic processes. Firstly, the research initiated by acclimatization (activation) process of acetogenic and methanogenic bacteria via fermentation in laboratory scale (19 L) digesters, separately. The results of acetogenic bacteria acclimatization process on cow dung media showed the pH stability needed for the reaction acetogenic, in the range of 5-6, while the control showed the pH changes still in the neutral pH range (6-7). The substrate from lab-scale acetogenic and methanogenic digester, then used as a starter for pilot-scale digester (125 L and 500 L, respectively). The mixture of water and cow dung were adjusted at initial pH 5.5 on acetogenic digester for 2 weeks. Those material were used for biogas production in the methanogenic digester. The result of the methanogenic process showed an increasing volume of biogas and the composition of methane (CH4) in the biogas. The highest CH4 composition was obtained on the 20th day, which reached 74.82%, and the highest volume of biogas production was at day 22, with the rate of 8.87 L/day. The highest energy potential obtained was 217.66 kJ/day.


PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9693
Author(s):  
Wattananarong Markphan ◽  
Chonticha Mamimin ◽  
Wantanasak Suksong ◽  
Poonsuk Prasertsan ◽  
Sompong O-Thong

Background Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a suitable process for treating high moisture MSW with biogas and biofertilizer production. However, the low stability of AD performance and low methane production results from high moisture MSW due to the fast acidify of carbohydrate fermentation. The effects of organic loading and incineration fly ash addition as a pH adjustment on methane production from high moisture MSW in the single-stage AD and two-stage AD processes were investigated. Results Suitable initial organic loading of the single-stage AD process was 17 gVS L−1 at incineration fly ash (IFA) addition of 0.5% with methane yield of 287 mL CH4 g−1 VS. Suitable initial organic loading of the two-stage AD process was 43 gVS L−1 at IFA addition of 1% with hydrogen and methane yield of 47.4 ml H2 g−1 VS and 363 mL CH4 g−1 VS, respectively. The highest hydrogen and methane production of 8.7 m3 H2 ton−1 of high moisture MSW and 66.6 m3 CH4 ton−1 of high moisture MSW was achieved at organic loading of 43 gVS L−1 at IFA addition of 1% by two-stage AD process. Biogas production by the two-stage AD process enabled 18.5% higher energy recovery than single-stage AD. The 1% addition of IFA into high moisture MSW was useful for controlling pH of the two-stage AD process with enhanced biogas production between 87–92% when compared to without IFA addition. Electricity production and energy recovery from MSW using the coupled incineration with biogas production by two-stage AD process were 9,874 MJ ton−1 MSW and 89%, respectively. Conclusions The two-stage AD process with IFA addition for pH adjustment could improve biogas production from high moisture MSW, as well as reduce lag phase and enhance biodegradability efficiency. The coupled incineration process with biogas production using the two-stage AD process was suitable for the management of MSW with low area requirement, low greenhouse gas emissions, and high energy recovery.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Tamaria Kesia Hutasoit ◽  
Halimatuddahliana ◽  
Amir Husin

This research provides an analyzed performance of one and two-stage anaerobic digestion processes. One-stage and two-stage analyzed, individual, from substrate degradation, microbiological, metabolite and biogas production. First, the research initiated by acclimatization in a neutral condition and acid condition. Both one (R1) and two-stage (R2) digesters filled up with domestic wastewater. Into the digesters, it added cow dung as inoculums. pH in R1 maintained at pH 7 for 40 days and pH 5.5 in two-stage anaerobic: first stage (R2-1) for two days. After that, the mixture added with inoculums and then adjusted at pH 7 for the second stage (R2-2) for 38 days. The results showed that the substrate removal efficiency of two-phase is higher one-phase. The highest metabolite production obtained at R2-1: the 2nd day.


Author(s):  
Alfred Dèdonougbo Dohou ◽  
Gabin Koto N’Gobi ◽  
Clément Adéyémi Kouchade ◽  
Basile Kounouhewa

The objective of this work is to determine the co-digestion ratio of water hyacinth and cow dung for the optimization of biogas production at Sô Ava, a lake city of Southern Benin. To achieve these ratios, we suppose that the water hyacinth has a high gas yield and cow dung ensures stability in the biodigester because it brings fresh bacteria and has a strong buffering capacity (maintenance of a stable pH). For 45 days, we have introduced a mixture of water hyacinth and cow dung in 5 mini-biodigesters of 10 liters each: digester no1 (100% of cow dung); digester no2 (100% of the water hyacinth); digester n° 3 (50% of the water hyacinth and 50% of the cow dung); digester no4 (75% of cow dung and 25% of water hyacinth); digester no5 (75% of the water hyacinth and 25% of the cow dung). The measurements of the pH, temperature and the proportion of gas (CH4, CO2, O2 and H2S) in the mini-biodigesters was done. The measurements show that the digester n° 5 produces the highest capacity of 15.24L of biogas with 70% of methane while the digester n °2 has the lowest capacity 5.47L of biogas with 58% methane. These results show that the yield of biogas produced is greater when using the mixture of the substrate with the ratio of 75% of water hyacinth and 25% of cow dung. This result encourages the energy recovery from water hyacinth, once considered as a seasonal plague which hinders navigation of local boat in the lake.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Joy Riungu ◽  
Mariska Ronteltap ◽  
Jules B. van Lier

Abstract Biochemical energy recovery using digestion and co-digestion of faecal matter collected from urine diverting dehydrating toilet faeces (UDDT-F) and mixed organic market waste (OMW) was studied under laboratory- and pilot-scale conditions. Laboratory-scale biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests showed an increase in methane production with an increase in OMW fraction in the feed substrate. In subsequent pilot-scale experiments, one-stage and two-stage plug flow digester were researched, applying UDDT-F:OMW ratios of 4:1 and 1:0, at about 10 and 12% total solids (TS) slurry concentrations. Comparable methane production was observed in one-stage (Ro-4:1,12%) (314 ± 15 mL CH4/g VS added) and two-stage (Ram-4:1,12%) (325 ± 12 mL CH4/g VS added) digesters, when applying 12% TS slurry concentration. However, biogas production in Ram-4:1,12% digester (571 ± 25 mL CH4/g VS added) was about 12% higher than in Ro-4:1,12%, significantly more than the slight difference in methane production, i.e. 3–4%. The former was attributed to enhanced waste solubilisation and increased CO2 dissolution, resulting from mixing the bicarbonate-rich methanogenic effluent for neutralisation purposes with the low pH (4.9) influent acquired from the pre-acidification stage. Moreover, higher process stability was observed in the first parts of the plug flow two-stage digester, characterised by lower VFA concentrations.


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