The Impact of Primary Health Care on Tuberculosis: A Quasi-Experimental Study Based on a Nationwide Cohort of 7.3 Million Brazilians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela dos Santos de Jesus ◽  
Julia Moreira Pescarini ◽  
Andréa Silva ◽  
Ana Wieczorek Torrens ◽  
Elzo Pereira Pinto Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Student and preceptor perceptions of primary health care clinical placements during pre-service education: Qualitative results from a quasi-experimental study

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semakaleng H. Phafoli ◽  
Alice Christensen-Majid ◽  
Laura Skolnik ◽  
Stephanie Reinhardt ◽  
Isabel Nyangu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Clinical Placements ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Quasi Experimental

scholarly journals Scaling-up primary health care-based prevention and management of alcohol use disorder at the municipal level in middle-income countries in Latin America: Background and pre-protocol for a three-country quasi-experimental study

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Anderson ◽  
Amy O'Donnell ◽  
Eileen Kaner ◽  
Antoni Gual ◽  
Bernd Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Implementation Period ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background: While primary health care (PHC)-based prevention and management of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is clinically effective and cost-effective, it remains poorly implemented in routine practice. Systematic reviews and multi-country studies have demonstrated the ability of training and support programmes to increase PHC-based screening and brief advice activity to reduce heavy drinking. However, gains have been only modest and short term at best. WHO studies have concluded that a more effective uptake could be achieved by embedding PHC activity within broader community and municipal support. Protocol: A quasi-experimental study will compare PHC-based prevention and management of AUD, operationalized by heavy drinking, in three intervention cities from Colombia, Mexico and Peru with three comparator cities from the same countries. In the implementation cities, primary health care units (PHCUs) will receive training embedded within ongoing supportive municipal action over an 18-month implementation period. In the comparator cities, practice as usual will continue at both municipal and PHCU levels. The primary outcome will be the proportion of consulting adult patients intervened with (screened and advice given to screen positives). The study is powered to detect a doubling of the outcome measure from an estimated 2.5/1,000 patients at baseline. Formal evaluation points will be at baseline, mid-point and end-point of the 18-month implementation period. We will present the ratio (plus 95% confidence interval) of the proportion of patients receiving intervention in the implementation cities with the proportions in the comparator cities. Full process evaluation will be undertaken, coupled with an analysis of potential contextual, financial and political-economy influencing factors. Discussion: This multi-country study will test the extent to which embedding PHC-based prevention and management of alcohol use disorder with supportive municipal action leads to improved scale-up of more patients with heavy drinking receiving appropriate advice and treatment.

Yoga in primary health care: A quasi-experimental study to access the effects on quality of life and psychological distress

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara B. Ponte ◽  
Carolina Lino ◽  
Bruno Tavares ◽  
Beatriz Amaral ◽  
Ana Luísa Bettencourt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Quasi Experimental

scholarly journals Scaling-up primary health care-based prevention and management of heavy drinking at the municipal level in middle-income countries in Latin America: Background and protocol for a three-country quasi-experimental study

F1000Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Peter Anderson ◽  
Amy O'Donnell ◽  
Eileen Kaner ◽  
Antoni Gual ◽  
Bernd Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Implementation Period ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Background: While primary health care (PHC)-based prevention and management of heavy drinking is clinically effective and cost-effective, it remains poorly implemented in routine practice. Systematic reviews and multi-country studies have demonstrated the ability of training and support programmes to increase PHC-based screening and brief advice activity to reduce heavy drinking. However, gains have been only modest and short term at best. WHO studies have concluded that a more effective uptake could be achieved by embedding PHC activity within broader community and municipal support. Protocol: A quasi-experimental study will compare PHC-based prevention and management of heavy drinking in three intervention cities from Colombia, Mexico and Peru with three comparator cities from the same countries. In the implementation cities, primary health care units (PHCUs) will receive training embedded within ongoing supportive municipal action over an 18-month implementation period. In the comparator cities, practice as usual will continue at both municipal and PHCU levels. The primary outcome will be the proportion of consulting adult patients intervened with (screened and advice given to screen positives). The study is powered to detect a doubling of the outcome measure from an estimated 2.5/1,000 patients at baseline. Formal evaluation points will be at baseline, mid-point and end-point of the 18-month implementation period. We will present the ratio (plus 95% confidence interval) of the proportion of patients receiving intervention in the implementation cities with the proportions in the comparator cities. Full process evaluation will be undertaken, coupled with an analysis of potential contextual, financial and political-economy influencing factors. Discussion: This multi-country study will test the extent to which embedding PHC-based prevention and management of alcohol use disorder with supportive municipal action leads to improved scale-up of more patients with heavy drinking receiving appropriate advice and treatment. Study status: The four-year study will start on 1st December 2017.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Trainings of General Practitioners on Antibiotic Stewardship: Methods of a Pragmatic Quasi-Experimental Study in a Controlled Before-After Design in South-East-Lower Saxony, Germany (WASA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Gornyk ◽  
Martina Scharlach ◽  
Brigitte Buhr-Riehm ◽  
Carolina Judith Klett-Tammen ◽  
Sveja Eberhard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Antibiotic Management ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a serious threat to global public health. It reduces the effectiveness of treatments for serious bacterial infections and thus increases the risk of fatal outcomes. Antibiotic prescriptions are often not in line with clinical evidence-based guidelines. The process of emergence of resistant bacteria can be slowed down by adherence to guidelines. Yet this adherence seems to be lacking in primary health care.Methods and Analysis: This pragmatic quasi-experimental study using a controlled before-after design was carried out in South-East-Lower Saxony in 2018–2020. The voluntary attendance of interactive trainings with condensed presentation of current guidelines for general practitioners (GP) on antibiotic management for urinary and respiratory tract infections is regarded as intervention. Those GP not attending the trainings constitute the control group. Data were collected via questionnaires; routine health records are provided by a statutory health insurance. The primary outcome is the proportion of (guideline-based) prescriptions in relation to the relevant ICD-10 codes as well as daily defined doses and the difference in proportion of certain prescriptions according to guidelines before and after the intervention as compared to the control group. Further outcomes are among others the subjectively perceived risk of antibiotic resistance and the attitude toward the guidelines. The questionnaires to assess this are based on theory of planned behavior (TPB) and health action process approach (HAPA). Variations over time and effects caused by measures other than WASA (Wirksamkeit von Antibiotika-Schulungen in der niedergelassenen Aerzteschaft-Effectiveness of antibiotic management training in the primary health care sector) training are taken into account by including the control group and applying interrupted time series analysis.Ethics and Dissemination: The study protocol and the data protection concept respectively were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hannover Medical School and the Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information.Trial Registration:https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00013951, identifier DRKS00013951.

scholarly journals Implementing primary health care-based measurement, advice and treatment for heavy drinking and comorbid depression at the municipal level in three Latin American countries: final protocol for a quasi-experimental study (SCALA study)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Jane LLopis ◽  
Peter Anderson ◽  
Marina Piazza ◽  
Amy O'Donnell ◽  
Antoni Gual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract Background : While primary health care-based prevention and management of heavy drinking is clinically effective and cost-effective, it remains poorly implemented in routine practice. Systematic reviews and multi-country studies have demonstrated the ability of training and support programmes for healthcare professionals to increase primary health care-based measurement and brief advice activity to reduce heavy drinking. However, gains have been only modest and short term at best. WHO studies have concluded that a more effective uptake could be achieved by embedding primary health care activity within broader municipal-based support. Methods : A quasi-experimental study will compare primary health care-based prevention and management of heavy drinking in three intervention municipal areas from Colombia, Mexico and Peru with three comparator municipal areas from the same countries. In the implementation municipal areas, primary health care units will receive training embedded within ongoing supportive municipal action over an 18-month implementation test period. In the comparator municipal areas, half the units will receive training, and the other half will continue with practice as usual. The primary outcome is the proportion of the adult population (aged 18+ years) registered with the unit that has their alcohol consumption measured. Return-on-investment analyses and full process evaluation will be undertaken, coupled with an analysis of potential contextual, financial and political-economy influencing factors. Discussion : This multi-country study will test the extent to which embedding primary health care-based prevention and management of heavy drinking within supportive municipal action leads to improved scale-up of more patients having their alcohol consumption measured, and subsequently receiving appropriate advice and treatment.

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