How Do the Socio-Economic Indicators Influence the Travel Behaviour Pattern and its Relation to Transport Modes' Infrastructure?

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Shbeeb
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Behaviour Pattern ◽  
Transport Modes

Energy and Transport: Strategies for Energy Conservation in Urban Passenger Transport

1979 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 767-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Schou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Energy Constraints ◽  
Transport Modes

Before proceeding to explore potential strategies for energy conservation in urban passenger transport, this paper presents some evidence on energy efficiencies of various transport modes and on travel behaviour under energy constraints. Knowledge of the relative energy efficiencies of different modes of transport is evidently necessary for analysing and developing policies for fuel conservation. Although the automobile does appear to be significantly more energy-intensive than public transport modes, this does not automatically indicate that a policy to attract people to public transport would lead to the maximum possible fuel savings. Available evidence on travel behaviour under energy constraints indicates that the elasticity of travel demand is very small. Increasing prices, within the range expected, are not likely to result in satisfactory fuel savings, and it is therefore necessary to consider alternative strategies. The strategies to be considered here may be outlined as follows: (1) improving fuel efficiency of automobiles by modifying driving habits, reducing speeds, improving traffic flows, and keeping vehicles properly maintained; (2) increasing efficiency of automobile travel by promoting higher occupancies; (3) attracting car travellers to public transport; (4) shifting to smaller, more fuel-efficient vehicles, changing vehicle and engine designs such as to improve the inherent fuel efficiency of the automobile; (5) technological change: new propulsion systems, alternative fuels, and rapid personal transport; (6) reducing travel needs by changing land-use patterns and improving communications. These strategies are discussed in turn and, given the available information about travel patterns and behaviour, an attempt is made to assess their likely impact. Clearly those strategies should be selected which offer the maximum potential fuel savings and which can be introduced with minimum sacrifice.

Virtual reality as a new tool for transport data collection

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Laura Agudelo-Vélez ◽  
Iván Sarmiento-Ordosgoitia ◽  
Jorge Córdoba-Maquilón
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Relevant Variable ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Transport Studies ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
Mode Of Transport

Transport studies that adopt complex analyses present methodological challenges that lead to the use of innovative techniques to address the limitations of traditional methods. In the Latin American context, people consider security as a relevant variable in their daily lives. Thus, when people travel around the city and choose a mode of transport, secu-rity becomes an important factor and should therefore be included in transport studies. However, the definition of security in terms of transport in the Colombian context remains unclear. Therefore, we examined the security percep-tion effect on transport mode choice by addressing security as a latent variable consisting of three elements: environ-ment, subject and transport mode. We proposed the use of virtual reality (VR) to recreate travel routes and offer partic-ipants a scenario of choice closer to the natural conditions of a trip. The participants were provided routes in the form of immersive 3D videos recreating natural trip conditions to identify their choices and travel behaviour. Recordings were made of daily scenarios and existing urban environments portraying real and active modes of transport, giving respondents an almost-natural experience. The use of 360-degree immersive videos offers a multisensory experience allowing both the capture of socioeconomic and travel information and the collection of journey perception. The experiment evaluated two environments in Medellín, Colombia (secure (E1) and insecure (E2)) and studied the effects of lighting conditions (day (D) and night (N)). A total of four videos (E1D, E1N, E2D and E2N) depicting six transport modes in tandem were assessed by 92 participants from Medellín and Bogotá, Colombia. We found that environment-associated security perception varies depending on the time of the journey (day/night) and one’s familiarity with the environment. The research results position VR as a tool that offers high potential to support transport studies. We found that people’s movements, gestures and expressions while participating in the VR experiments resembled what was expected from journeys in reality. VR constitutes a relevant tool for transport studies, as it allows for an assessment of active transport mode perceptions. It prevents participants from being exposed to the risk associated with travel to specific places and carries out several routes in different transport modes even when participants cannot or have never undertaken journeys in the modes under assessment.

A Travel Behaviour Model To Predict Travel Behaviour Pattern Of Urban Road User Using Rule-Based Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prahaladhan Sivalingam ◽  
David Asirvatham ◽  
Karuthan Chinna
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Road User ◽  
Behaviour Pattern ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Rule Based Approach

COMMUTERS’ TRAVEL CHARACTERISTICS, MODAL CHOICE AND PERFORMANCE OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT OPTIONS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Wale Alade ◽  
Mobolaji Olaseni ◽  
Olufemi Adeniji
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Modal Choice ◽  
Mobility Performance ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
And Performance

In the past decade-plus there has been a paucity of comparative studies of the performance of public transport options in Lagos. This study evaluates commuters’ access to public transport modes (yellow bus, BRT and ferry), trip characteristics, factors influencing choice of, and the performance of each mode in Lagos to establish improvement priorities. Research data was obtained from 124 commuters through close-ended questionnaire at selected terminals on a major corridor during the morning peak period using incidental sampling technique. The performance of public transport modes was measured using seven variables on a 5-point rating scale. Analysis of variance show significant variation in commuters’ trip cost to terminals. The BRT is the most affordable with respect to fare but has the worst boarding delay occurrence, the ferry is the most efficient with respect to trip time while 45% of yellow bus passengers spend more than one hour per trip. From the linear regression results, delay time at the terminals, travel time and travel cost to destinations accounted for about 55.8% of the total variance in the preferred mode of travel. From the relative performance analysis results, the BRT has the highest mean performance index of 3.72, followed by ferry (3.01) and the yellow bus (2.62). These findings facilitate our understanding of factors influencing the performance and choice of public transport modes in Lagos while providing insights into areas needing attention for improvement. Based on these findings, the study recommended the provision of more BRT buses to reduce the waiting time at terminals, and the review of ferry operations to reduce fare and enhance safety and introduce measures to upscale the services of the for better performance. Future studies should explore commuter waiting and comfort at bus stations and terminals and on-board time use. Keywords: Commuter; Modal Choice; Public Transport; Travel Behaviour; Mobility; Performance

scholarly journals Potential Travel Time Reduction with Autonomous Vehicles for Different Types of Travellers

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Jamil Hamadneh ◽  
Domokos Esztergár-Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Group A ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Group B

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) have been designed to make changes in the travel behaviour of travellers. These changes can be interpreted using transport models and simulation tools. In this study, the daily activity plans were used to study the possibility of increasing the utility of travellers through minimizing the travel time by using AVs. Three groups of travellers were selected based on the benefits that they can obtain when AVs are on the market. The groups are (a) long-trip travellers (b) public transport riders, and (c) travellers with specified characteristics. Each group is divided into one or more scenarios based on the definition of each group and the collected data. A total of seven scenarios were derived from the collected data and simulated twice to include the existing transport modes and the presence of AVs. The simulations were conducted using Multi-Agents Transport Simulation (MATSim) that applies the concept of a co-evolutionary algorithm. MATSim simulates the current plans and the ones where AVs replace all or part of the existing conventional transport modes in the daily activity plans. The results have shown a reduction in the trip time: 13% to 42% for group (a), 33% for group (b), and 16% to 28% for group (c) compared with the original trip times. In conclusion, it can be claimed that AVs could reduce the travel time in all cases, which provides benefits for people to increase their utilities.

Opportunities for Transport Mode Change: An Exploration of a Disaggregated Approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Dijst ◽  
Tom de Jong ◽  
Jan Ritsema van Eck
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
New Town ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
Action Spaces ◽  
Suburban Neighbourhood

Research into the effects of spatial configuration on the use of transport modes has to date dominantly been based on analyses of actual travel behaviour or prediction of future transport mode choices. However, in this research it is not made clear what choice opportunities were available for travel behaviour of the various population categories, given their desired activities and time–space opportunities. The authors describe a time–space theoretical and methodological framework based on the concept of action spaces, within which the choice opportunities of different types of households of various areas can be analysed. On the basis of a pilot study among the residents of a suburban neighbourhood in a Netherlands new town, the time–space opportunities they have to use alternative transport modes other than the car are brought into the frame. It is shown that residents have more time–space opportunities to make use of existing environmentally friendly, transport modes than had been expected. The possibilities differ between types of action spaces and types of households. Some implications for policymaking are discussed. The authors state that policymakers should be more sensitive to interpersonal differences in accessibility.

Economics of Happiness as an Academic Research Discipline

2012 ◽  
pp. 94-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Antipina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Research Discipline ◽  
Happiness Economics ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Economics Of Happiness ◽  
Happiness Level

The article contains a review of the contemporary research in the field of economics of happiness. Economics of happiness deals with correlation between the subjective notion of well-being and happiness with ones life (happiness level) and economic indicators. The author considers the correlation of economic and noneconomic factors. The last ones —  such as education and health — also affect the level of happiness. The author dwells upon the following questions: research methodology in economics of happiness, correlation between subjective notion of well-being and happiness with ones life and economic performance on micro- and macrolevels.

Intensification of the process of obtaining basic bases as the basic components of low-curing lubricants

2020 ◽  
Vol 06 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
S.f. Antonov ◽  
◽  
E.F. Kutsevich ◽  
A.I. Matveeva ◽  
R.V. Bartko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
High Melting ◽  
Polymer Additive ◽  
Modifying Additives ◽  
Base Oils ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators ◽  
Dewaxing Process

Variants of the intensification of the solvent dewaxing process, which increase the yield of base oils, are described. One of the promising ways to improve the technical and economic indicators of the dewaxing process is the use of modifying additives. The work shows that the introduction of a polymer additive requires a decrease in the filtration rate and, accordingly, an increase in the performance of the dewaxing unit. This results in a petrolatum with a reduced oil content, which is a qualifying factor for the production of high-melting ceresins, protective-wax components, and lubricants for various purposes.

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