Creating a Regional Security Community in Southern Latin America: The Institutionalisation of the Regional Defence and Security Policies

Resumen: Desde el comienzo del siglo XX hasta los dáas actuales, la prohibición de un conjunto de drogas psicoactivas ha propiciado el surgimiento de la más potente economáa ilácita del mundo, con graves consecuencias poláticas y sociales en América Latina. El texto busca presentar un breve análisis del prohibicionismo en las Américas, para que se pueda comprender el proceso histórico-polático de construcción del tema de las ”drogas” como una cuestión de salud pública, de seguridad pública y también ”“ desde 1970, tras la declaración de ”guerra a las drogas” por los Estados Unidos ”“ como un problema de seguridad nacional y regional que moviliza ejércitos, policáas y proyectos económicos y sociales de gran impacto en el continente.Palabras clave: América Latina. Polática de Drogas. Salud. Seguridad. Tráfico de Drogas.PROIBIÇÃO E A ”GUERRA á€S DROGAS” NAS AMÉRICAS Resumo: Desde o inácio do século XX até os dias de hoje, a proibição de um conjunto de drogas psicoativas tem propiciado o surgimento da mais potente economia ilácita do mundo, com graves consequências poláticas e sociais na América Latina. O artigo busca apresentar uma breve análise do proibicionismo nas Américas, para que se possa compreender o processo histórico-polático de construção do tema das ”drogas” como uma questão de saúde pública, de segurança pública e também ”“ desde os anos 1970, após a declaração da ”guerra á s drogas” pelos Estados Unidos ”“ como um problema de segurança nacional e regional que mobiliza exércitos, polácias e projetos econômicos e sociais de grande impacto no continente.Palavras-chave: América Latina. Polática de drogas. Saúde. Segurança. Tráfico de drogas.PROHIBITION AND THE "DRUG WAR” IN THE AMERICAS Abstract: Since the early twentieth century to the present day, the prohibition of a collection of psychoactive drugs has allowed the emergence of a powerful illicit economy in the world, occasioning serious political and social consequences in Latin America. This article seeks to present a brief analysis of prohibitionism in the Americas, in order to understand the historical-political process of creating the topic of "drugs" as a matter of public health, public security and also - since the 1970s, after declaration of the "war on drugs" by the United States - as a national and regional security issue that mobilizes armies, police and economic and social projects of great impact on the continent.Keywords: Latin America. Drug Policy. Health. Safety. Drug Trafficking. PROHIBITION ET LA ”GUERRE AUX DROGUES” DANS LES AMÉRIQUESRésumé: Du début du XXá¨me siá¨cle jusqu”™á aujourd”™hui, la prohibition d”™un ensemble de drogues psychoactives a favorisé l”™émergence de la plus puissante économie illicite du monde et a produit de graves conséquences politiques et sociales en Amérique Latine. L”™article vise á proposer une brá¨ve analyse du prohibitionnisme dans les Amériques, afin de restituer le processus historico-politique qui a conduit á la constitution de la thématique des « drogues » comme une question de santé publique, de sécurité publique et aussi ”“ depuis les années 1970, suite á la déclaration de la « guerre aux drogues » par les Etats-Unis ”“ comme un problá¨me de sécurité nationale et régionale, qui mobilise armées, polices et projets économiques et sociaux de grande importance dans le continent. Mots clefs: Amérique Latine. Politique des Drogues. Santé. Sécurité. Trafic de Drogues.

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Resurgent Russia pushes Nordic states towards West

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db207296 ◽

2015 ◽

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

Security Policies ◽

Regional Security ◽

Sharp Change ◽

Baltic Region ◽

Content Type ◽

Baltic Sea Region ◽

Defence Cooperation ◽

The Baltic ◽

The Cold War

Subject Outlook for Nordic-NATO defence cooperation. Significance The Russian intervention in Ukraine and assertive stance against NATO -- particular in the Baltic Sea region -- has pushed the Nordic countries of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden to reassess their defence and security policies in order to be better prepared to manage crises and deter aggression in northern Europe. This constitutes a sharp change in strategic outlook, as the Nordic-Baltic region has been characterised by low tensions, stability and continued economic and political integration since the end of the Cold War. Impacts Nordic participation in multilateral international operations may wane as their defence focus shifts to the Baltic region. Scandinavian procurement programmes present commercial opportunities to defence and aerospace firms. Prioritising bilateral security arrangements may fragment a unified US-Nordics approach to regional security. Closer security ties with the West are likely to compromise Scandinavia's negotiating position with Moscow on other issues.

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A regional security community in Southeast Asia?

Journal of Strategic Studies ◽

10.1080/01402399508437610 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 175-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Amitav Acharya

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Regional Security ◽

Security Community

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A América do Sul como comunidade de segurança: região autônoma e construção de identidade/South Americ as security community: autonomous region and identity construction

Brazilian Journal of International Relations ◽

10.36311/2237-7743.2015.v4n1.07.p92 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 92-110

Author(s):

Lucas Amaral Batista Leite

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Identity Construction ◽

Regional Identity ◽

The State ◽

Regional Security ◽

Security Community ◽

Autonomous Region

A recente constituição do Conselho de Defesa Sul-Americano (CDS) proporcionou novos temas de estudo para pesquisadores da área de Segurança e Defesa. Tornou-se mister apreender de que forma os países da região buscam constituir-se como região e quais as implicações de uma identidade regional em Defesa, como propõem os documentos de fundação do CDS. Dessa forma, buscaremos analisar os documentos oficiais emitidos pelo CDS e, com o auxílio de instrumental teórico construtivista das Relações Internacionais, compará-los à narrativa proposta pelo ministro de Estado da Defesa brasileiro, Celso Amorim. A narrativa a a ser compreendida leva em conta os três principais documentos sobre Defesa no Brasil, tais quais a Política Nacional de Defesa (2005), a Estratégia Nacional de Defesa (2008) e o Livro Branco de Defesa Nacional (2012), além de discursos relacionados à temática e disponíveis no sítio eletrônico do Ministério da Defesa brasileiro. Inicialmente, faremos uma apreciação teórica acerca dos estudos de Segurança e Defesa, apresentando conceitos e definições – em especial no que diz respeito à construção de ameaças no nível regional. Abordaremos, sinteticamente, ideias de autores como Karl Deutsch (1957), Adler e Barnett (1998), e Alex Bellamy (2004). Além disso, será importante resgatar o que propõe Robert Walker (1993) quanto às construções identitárias serem baseadas nos limites entre o interno/externo, em alusão não apenas à noção de fronteira mas ainda às separações identitárias construídas nesse ínterim.Palavras-chave: América do Sul; Conselho de Defesa Sul-Americano; Identidade. Abstract: We seek to understand how the discourse of security and regional defense is employed by the former Brazilian Minister of Defense, Celso Amorim, is his official speeches, and the main documents published by the Ministry. It is our objective to establish the connections, similarities and diferences regarding the narratives about what seeks to constructo itself as a regional identity and the threats to this entity phisically and simbolically speaking. In this sense, we first theorically conceptualize the most importante terms and discussions to be presented afterwards – especially what regards to the ontological and epistemological positioning of the theories. We briefly discuss about the security communitiees and the role of the regionalization in the construction of identities and threats, and, with all that set, seek to understand how Brazil constructs itself as an actor to what the state understand that is inside and outside.Key-words: South America; Ministry of Defense; Regional Security; Identity.DOI: 10.20424/2237-7743/bjir.v4n1p92-110

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Handling Covid-19 Related to Regional Security According to ASEAN Political-Security Community

Lex Scientia Law Review ◽

10.15294/lesrev.v4i1.38195 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 19-32

Author(s):

Calvin Calvin

Keyword(s):

Research Method ◽

Shared Responsibility ◽

Regional Security ◽

Soft Law ◽

South East Asia ◽

Security Community ◽

Social Distancing ◽

State Security ◽

Political Security ◽

International Instruments

INDONESIAN Hadirnya COVID-19 menyebabkan kerugian yang sangat besar dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Salah satu aspek yang dimaksud adalah aspek keamanan negara, terutama di ASEAN. Hingga kini, belum ditemukan vaksin yang dapat sepenuhnya menyembuhkan COVID-19. Sehingga, tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa saja upaya penanganan yang telah dilakukan oleh negara-negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara dalam aspek keamanan negara, dan untuk mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan menurut ASEAN Political-Security Community. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis-normatif yang meneliti peraturan perundang-undangan, sumber hukum internasional, doktrin, literatur, dan media lainnya. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, anggota ASEAN telah mengeluarkan berbagai kebijakan dalam upaya penanganan COVID-19 seperti: travel ban, social distancing/ physical distancing, dan lockdown. Selain itu, upaya penanganan yang telah dilakukan oleh ASEAN Political-Security Community bersifat soft law. Maka, diperlukannya itikad baik dan pengedepanan prinsip penanganan bersama dari anggota ASEAN dalam menjalankan isi dari pertemuan tersebut. ENGLISH The presence of COVID-19, caused enourmous losses to the society and nation in various aspects of life. One aspect which is meant is state security especially in ASEAN. Speaking of the present, no antidote has been completely found to cure COVID-19. This paper is made to find out what effort has been done by South East Asia countries in the aspect of state security, and to find out what effort has been done by ASEAN Political-Security Community. The author uses juridical-normative research method, which the author did the research based on national and international instruments of law, doctrines, literature and other medias. Based on the research results, ASEAN members has issued various policies in purpose to deal with COVID-19 such as: travel ban, social distancing/ physical distancing, and lockdown. Furthermore, all efforts made by ASEAN Political-Security Community are categorized as soft law. Therefore, it requires good faith and prioritizing the principle of shared responsibility from the members in order to carrying out the contents of the meeting.

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