<p>Proliferation, odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation, and cytokine production by human stem cells of the apical papilla induced by biomaterials: a comparative study</p>

Background Information. NF-κB signaling pathway plays a complicated role in the biological functions of mesenchymal stem cells. However, the effects of NF-κB pathway on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) remain unclear. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of canonical NF-κB pathway on the osteo/odontogenic capacity of SCAPsin vitro.Results. Western blot results demonstrated that NF-κB pathway in SCAPs was successfully activated by TNF-αor blocked by BMS-345541. NF-κB pathway-activated SCAPs presented a higher proliferation activity compared with control groups, as indicated by dimethyl-thiazol-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) and flow cytometry assay (FCM). Wound scratch assay revealed that NF-κB pathway-activated SCAPs presented an improved migration capacity, enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and upregulated mineralization capacity of SCAPs, as compared with control groups. Meanwhile, the odonto/osteogenic markers (ALP/ALP,RUNX2/RUNX2,OSX/OSX,OCN/OCN,OPN/OPN,BSP/BSP,DSPP/DSP, andDMP-1/DMP-1) in NF-κB pathway-activated SCAPs were also significantly upregulated as compared with control groups at both protein and mRNA levels. However, NF-κB pathway-inhibited SCAPs exhibited a lower proliferation/migration capacity, and decreased odonto/osteogenic ability in comparison with control groups.Conclusion. Our findings suggest that classical NF-κB pathway plays a paramount role in the proliferation and committed differentiation of SCAPs.

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Effects of iRoot SP on osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01769-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Laidi Wu ◽

Kaiyang Xue ◽

Guang Hu ◽

Hanman Du ◽

Kang Gan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Cell Migration ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Filling Material ◽

Human Stem Cells ◽

Alizarin Red ◽

Alp Activity ◽

Osteogenic Markers ◽

Apical Papilla ◽

Migration Capacity

Abstract Background Research shows that nano-bioceramics can modulate the differentiation of dental stem cells. The novel ready-to-use calcium-silicate-based root-canal sealer iRoot SP is widely used in root filling. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of iRoot SP on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation in human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs). Methods hSCAPs were isolated and characterized in vitro, then cultured with various concentrations of iRoot SP extract. Cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 assay, and scratch-wound-healing assays were performed to evaluate cell-migration capacity. hSCAPs were then cultured in osteogenic medium supplemented with iRoot SP extracts. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay was used to evaluate ALP enzyme levels. Alizarin red staining and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) assays were performed to assess calcified-nodule formation and matrix-calcium accumulation of hSCAPs. The mRNA and protein expression levels of the osteogenic markers OCN, OSX, Runx2, and DSPP were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD-t tests. Results iRoot SP at low concentrations (2, 0.2, and 0.02 mg/mL) is nontoxic to hSCAPs. iRoot SP at concentrations of 0.02 and 0.2 mg/mL significantly increases cell-migration capacity. In terms of osteogenic differentiation, 0.2 mg/mL iRoot SP promotes intracellular ALP activity and the formation of mineralized nodules. Moreover, the expression of osteogenic markers at the mRNA and protein levels are upregulated by iRoot SP. Conclusion iRoot SP is an effective filling material for periapical bone regeneration.

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Regeneration of pulp-dentin complex using human stem cells of the apical papilla: in vivo interaction with two bioactive materials

Clinical Oral Investigations ◽

10.1007/s00784-021-03840-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Diana B. Sequeira ◽

Ana Rafaela Oliveira ◽

Catarina M. Seabra ◽

Paulo J. Palma ◽

Carlos Ramos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Human Stem Cells ◽

Bioactive Materials ◽

Apical Papilla

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Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) induced by three calcium phosphate ceramic (CaP) powders: A comparative study

Materials Science and Engineering C ◽

10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.145 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 ◽

pp. 296-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Yuquan Li ◽

Tongmeng Jiang ◽

Li Zheng ◽

Jinmin Zhao

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Calcium Phosphate ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Calcium Phosphate Ceramic

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Comparative study of mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation on low-temperature biomineralized nanocrystalline carbonated hydroxyapatite and sintered hydroxyapatite

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B Applied Biomaterials ◽

10.1002/jbm.b.32987 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 102 (1) ◽

pp. 108-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Saeed Hesaraki ◽

Hamid Nazarian ◽

Milad Pourbaghi-Masouleh ◽

Shokoufeh Borhan

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽

Low Temperature ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Carbonated Hydroxyapatite

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Effects of Lipopolysaccharide on the Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla

Journal of Endodontics ◽

10.1016/j.joen.2017.06.024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (11) ◽

pp. 1835-1840 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Veera Lertchirakarn ◽

Panuroot Aguilar

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Apical Papilla

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Yunnan Baiyao Conditioned Medium Promotes the Odonto/Osteogenic Capacity of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla via Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathway

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/9327386 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xiyao Pang ◽

Yanqiu Wang ◽

Jintao Wu ◽

Zhou Zhou ◽

Tao Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Alkaline Phosphatase ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Conditioned Medium ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Cell Counting ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Alizarin Red ◽

Apical Papilla ◽

Yunnan Baiyao

Yunnan Baiyao is a traditional Chinese herbal remedy that has long been used for its characteristics of wound healing, bone regeneration, and anti-inflammation. However, the effects of Yunnan Baiyao on the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and the potential mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the odonto/osteogenic differentiation effects of Yunnan Baiyao on SCAPs and the underlying mechanisms involved. SCAPs were isolated and cocultured with Yunnan Baiyao conditioned media. The proliferation ability was determined by cell counting kit 8 and flow cytometry. The differentiation capacity and the involvement of NF-κB pathway were investigated by alkaline phosphatase assay, alizarin red staining, immunofluorescence assay, real-time RT-PCR, and western blot analyses. Yunnan Baiyao conditioned medium at the concentration of 50 μg/mL upregulated alkaline phosphatase activity, induced more mineralized nodules, and increased the expression of odonto/osteogenic genes/proteins (e.g., OCN/OCN, OPN/OPN, OSX/OSX, RUNX2/RUNX2, ALP/ALP, COL-I/COL-I, DMP1, DSP/DSPP) of SCAPs. In addition, the expression of cytoplasmic phos-IκBα, phos-P65, and nuclear P65 was significantly increased in Yunnan Baiyao conditioned medium treated SCAPs in a time-dependent manner. Conversely, the differentiation of Yunnan Baiyao conditioned medium treated SCAPs was obviously inhibited when these stem cells were cocultured with the specific NF-κB inhibitor BMS345541. Yunnan Baiyao can promote the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs via the NF-κB signaling pathway.

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Viability and Stimulation of Human Stem Cells from the Apical Papilla (hSCAPs) Induced by Silicate-Based Materials for Their Potential Use in Regenerative Endodontics: A Systematic Review

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13040974 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 974 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

José Luis Sanz ◽

Leopoldo Forner ◽

Alicia Almudéver ◽

Julia Guerrero-Gironés ◽

Carmen Llena

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Blood Clot ◽

Present Review ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Human Stem Cells ◽

Qualitative Synthesis ◽

Alizarin Red ◽

Apical Papilla ◽

Stimulation Of

Blood clot formation in the apical third of the root canal system has been shown to promote further root development and reinforcement of dentinal walls by the deposition of mineralized tissue, resulting in an advancement from traditional apexification procedures to a regenerative endodontic treatment (RET) for non-vital immature permanent teeth. Silicate-based hydraulic biomaterials, categorized as bioactive endodontic cements, emerged as bright candidates for their use in RET as coronal barriers, sealing the previously induced blood clot scaffold. Human stem cells from the apical papilla (hSCAPs) surviving the infection may induce or at least be partially responsible for the regeneration or repair shown in RET. The aim of this study is to present a qualitative synthesis of available literature consisting of in vitro assays which analyzed the viability and stimulation of hSCAPs induced by silicate-based hydraulic biomaterials. A systematic electronic search was carried out in Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and SciELO databases, followed by a study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment following the PRISMA protocol. In vitro studies assessing the viability, proliferation, and/or differentiation of hSCAPs as well as their mineralization potential and/or osteogenic, odontogenic, cementogenic and/or angiogenic marker expression in contact with commercially available silicate-based materials were included in the present review. The search identified 73 preliminary references, of which 10 resulted to be eligible for qualitative synthesis. The modal materials studied were ProRoot MTA and Biodentine. Both bioceramic materials showed significant positive results when compared to a control for hSCAP cell viability, migration, and proliferation assays; a significant up-regulation of hSCAP odontogenic/osteogenic marker (ALP, DSPP, BSP, Runx2, OCN, OSX), angiogenic growth factor (VEGFA, FIGF) and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) expression; and a significant increase in hSCAP mineralized nodule formation assessed by Alizarin Red staining. Commercially available silicate-based materials considered in the present review can potentially induce mineralization and odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hSCAPs, thus prompting their use in regenerative endodontic procedures.

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