A Longitudinal Study Examining Self-Regulation Practices in Older Drivers with and without Suspected Mild Cognitive Impairment

Background: On-road driving behavior can be impaired in older drivers and particularly in drivers with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objective: To determine whether cognitive and non-cognitive risk factors for driving safety may allow an accurate and economic prediction of on-road driving skills, fitness to drive, and prospective accident risk in healthy older drivers and drivers with MCI, we examined a representative combined sample of older drivers with and without MCI (N = 74) in an observational on-road study. In particular, we examined whether non-cognitive risk factors improve predictive accuracy provided by cognitive factors alone. Methods: Multiple and logistic hierarchical regression analyses were utilized to predict different driving outcomes. In all regression models, we included cognitive predictors alone in a first step and added non-cognitive predictors in a second step. Results: Results revealed that the combination of cognitive and non-cognitive risk factors significantly predicted driving skills (R2adjusted = 0.30) and fitness to drive (81.2% accuracy) as well as the number (R2adjusted = 0.21) and occurrence (88.3% accuracy) of prospective minor at-fault accidents within the next 12 months. In all analyses, the inclusion of non-cognitive risk factors led to a significant increase of explained variance in the different outcome variables. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a combination of the most robust cognitive and non-cognitive risk factors may allow an economic and accurate prediction of on-road driving performance and prospective accident risk in healthy older drivers and drivers with MCI. Therefore, non-cognitive risk factors appear to play an important role.

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Differences in structural and functional default mode network connectivity in amyloid positive mild cognitive impairment: a longitudinal study

Neuroradiology ◽

10.1007/s00234-021-02760-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thamires Naela Cardoso Magalhães ◽

Christian Luiz Baptista Gerbelli ◽

Luciana Ramalho Pimentel-Silva ◽

Brunno Machado de Campos ◽

Thiago Junqueira Ribeiro de Rezende ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Default Mode Network ◽

Network Connectivity ◽

Default Mode

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Mild cognitive impairment: prevalence and incidence according to different diagnostic criteria

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.182.5.449 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 182 (5) ◽

pp. 449-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 142

Author(s):

Anja Busse ◽

Jeannette Bischkopf ◽

Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽

Matthias C. Angermeyer

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Community Sample ◽

Neuropsychological Testing ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Prevalence Rates ◽

Case Definitions ◽

Increased Risk

BackgroundAlthough mild cognitive impairment is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia, there has been little work on its incidence and prevalence.AimsTo report age-specific prevalence, incidence and predictive validities for four diagnostic concepts of mild cognitive impairment.MethodA community sample of 1045 dementia-free individuals aged 75 years and over was examined by neuropsychological testing in a three-wave longitudinal study.ResultsPrevalence rates ranged from 3% to 20%, depending on the concept applied. The annual incidence rates applying different case definitions varied from 8 to 77 per 1000 person-years. Rates of conversion to dementia over 2.6 years ranged from 23% to 47%.ConclusionsMild cognitive impairment is frequent in older people. Prevalence, incidence and predictive validities are highly dependent on the diagnostic criteria applied.

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Factors Influencing Reversion to Normal Cognition and Progression to Dementia in Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Analysis of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing

Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing ◽

10.17079/jkgn.2021.23.3.297 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 297-310

Author(s):

Sujin Eom ◽

Ju-Young Ha

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Study Data ◽

Social Activities ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Instrumental Activities ◽

Normal Cognition

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting reversion to normal cognition and progression to dementia from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) after 2 years.Methods: We analyzed data from the 6th and 7th “Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA)”. A total of 773 participants aged 65 years and above classified as having MCI according to the Korean Mini-Mental State Examination in the 6th survey were included in the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software using x2 test, t-test, Mann-Whitney test and logistic regression analysis.Results: Of all the participants, 30.5% reverted to normal cognition, 48.5% remained with MCI, and 21.0% progressed to dementia. Factors such as young age (odds ratio [OR]=0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94~0.99), the absence of diabetes (OR=1.49, 95% CI: 1.01~2.19), and frequent neighbor networks “at least once or twice a month” (OR=2.35, 95% CI: 1.26~4.37), and “at least once a week” (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.03~2.56) compared to “never or less than 6 times a year” significantly associated with reversion to normal cognition. Meanwhile, factors such as old age (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05~1.12), low level of perceived socioeconomic status (reference. above middle) (OR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.05~2.41), low levels of instrumental activities of daily living (OR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.05~1.32), and a small number of social activities (OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.51~0.96) significantly associated with dementia progression.Conclusion: The study indicates the necessity of follow-up research for developing interventions that could aid individuals in reverting to normal cognitive function by managing diabetes or encouraging interaction with neighbors and preventing the progression to dementia by improving Instrumental Activities of Daily Living levels or encouraging participation in social activities.

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