scholarly journals Multicomponent physical exercise with simultaneous cognitive training to enhance dual-task walking of older adults: a secondary analysis of a 6-month randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up

2015 ◽  
pp. 1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Eggenberger ◽  
Nathan Theill ◽  
Stefan Holenstein ◽  
Vera Schumacher ◽  
Eling de Bruin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Randomized Controlled

scholarly journals The effects of a physical and cognitive training intervention vs. physical training alone on older adults’ physical activity: A randomized controlled trial with extended follow-up during COVID-19

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258559
Author(s):  
Tiina Savikangas ◽  
Timo Törmäkangas ◽  
Anna Tirkkonen ◽  
Markku Alen ◽  
Roger A. Fielding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background Executive functions underlie self-regulation and are thus important for physical activity and adaptation to new situations. The aim was to investigate, if yearlong physical and cognitive training (PTCT) had greater effects on physical activity among older adults than physical training (PT) alone, and if executive functions predicted physical activity at baseline, after six (6m) and twelve months (12m) of the interventions, one-year post-intervention follow-up and an extended follow-up during COVID-19 lockdown. Methods Data from a single-blinded, parallel-group randomized controlled trial (PASSWORD-study, ISRCTN52388040) were utilized. Participants were 70–85 years old community-dwelling men and women from Jyväskylä, Finland. PT (n = 159) included supervised resistance, walking and balance training, home-exercises and self-administered moderate activity. PTCT (n = 155) included PT and cognitive training targeting executive functions on a computer program. Physical activity was assessed with a one-item, seven-scale question. Executive functions were assessed with color-word Stroop, Trail Making Test (TMT) B-A and Letter Fluency. Changes in physical activity were modeled with multinomial logistic models and the impact of executive functions on physical activity with latent change score models. Results No significant group-by-time interaction was observed for physical activity (p>0.1). The subjects were likely to select an activity category higher than baseline throughout the study (pooled data: B = 0.720–1.614, p<0.001–0.046). Higher baseline Stroop predicted higher physical activity through all subsequent time-points (pooled data: B = 0.011–0.013, p = 0.015–0.030). Higher baseline TMT B–A predicted higher physical activity at 6m (pooled data: B = 0.007, p = 0.006) and during COVID-19 (B = 0.005, p = 0.030). In the PT group, higher baseline Letter Fluency predicted higher physical activity at 12m (B = -0.028, p = 0.030) and follow-up (B = -0.042, p = 0.002). Conclusions Cognitive training did not have additive effects over physical training alone on physical activity, but multicomponent training and higher executive function at baseline may support adaptation to and maintenance of a physically active lifestyle among older adults.

scholarly journals The Efficacy of a Multicomponent Functional Fitness Program Based on Exergaming on Cognitive Functioning of Healthy Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Élvio R. Gouveia ◽  
Asim Smailagic ◽  
Andreas Ihle ◽  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Bruna R. Gouveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Telephone Screening

Background and Objectives: Regular physical exercise can attenuate age-related cognitive decline. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a physical exercise multicomponent training based on exergames on cognitive functioning (CF) in older adults. Research Design and Methods: This randomized controlled trial included older adults aged 61–78. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group (IG; n = 15) or active control group (CG; n = 16). The IG was exposed to a combined training with traditional exercise and exergaming, twice a week over a period of 12 weeks. The CG performed only traditional sessions. CF was assessed by the Cognitive Telephone Screening Instrument. The time points for assessment were at zero (pretest), 12 (posttest), and 17 weeks (follow-up). Results: Active CG and IG increased from pretest to posttest in short-term memory (STM), long-term memory (LTM), and Cognitive Telephone Screening Instrument total score 1.98 > Z < 3.00, ps < .005, with moderately large positive effects (.36 > r < .54). A significant increase was seen from posttest to follow-up in STM, Z = 2.74, p = .006, and LTM, Z = 2.31, p < .021, only in IG. Across the two time periods posttest to follow-up, there were significant interaction effects between program type and time for STM (p = .022, ) and LTM (p = .004, ), demonstrating a more beneficial effect of the exergames intervention compared to the CG. Discussion and Implications: The integration of exergaming in a multicomponent functional fitness exercise might have the potential to maintain and improve CF (in particular, STM and LTM) in older adults.

Effects of Physical and Cognitive Training on Falls and Concern about Falling in Older Adults: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katri M Turunen ◽  
Anna Tirkkonen ◽  
Tiina Savikangas ◽  
Tuomo Hänninen ◽  
Markku Alen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The aim of this study is to investigate whether combined cognitive and physical training provides additional benefits to fall prevention when compared with physical training alone in older adults. Methods This is a prespecified secondary analysis of a single-blind, randomized controlled trial involving community-dwelling men and women aged 70 to 85 years who did not meet the physical activity guidelines. The participants were randomized into combined physical and cognitive training (PTCT, n=155) and physical training (PT, n=159) groups. PT included supervised and home-based physical exercises following the physical activity recommendations. PTCT included PT and computer-based cognitive training. The outcome was the rate of falls over the 12-month intervention (PTCT, n=151 and PT, n=155) and 12-month postintervention follow-up (PTCT, n=143 and PT, n=148). Falls were ascertained from monthly diaries. Exploratory outcomes included the rate of injurious falls, faller/recurrent faller/fall-related fracture status, and concern about falling. Results Estimated incidence rates of falls per person-year were 0.8 (95% CI 0.7–1.1) in the PTCT and 1.1 (95% CI 0.9–1.3) in the PT during the intervention and 0.8 (95% CI 0.7–1.0) versus 1.0 (95% CI 0.8–1.1), respectively, during the postintervention follow-up. There was no significant difference in the rate of falls during the intervention (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.78; 95% CI 0.56–1.10, p=0.152) or in the follow-up (IRR=0.83; 95% CI 0.59–1.15, p=0.263). No significant between-group differences were observed in any exploratory outcomes. Conclusion A yearlong PTCT intervention did not result in a significantly lower rate of falls or concern about falling than PT alone in older community-dwelling adults.

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