Level of Knowledge About Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Option B+ and Associated Factors Among ANC Clients in Kombolcha Town, South Wollo Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia, 2017

Knowledge of pregnant women on the three periods of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV has implication for child HIV acquisition. This study aims to assess the knowledge of pregnant women on mother-to-child transmission of HIV and to identify associated factors in Meket district, northeast Ethiopia. Logistic regression models were fitted to identify associated factors. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to determine the presence and strength of association. About one-fifth (19%) of women were knowledgeable on mother-to-child transmission of HIV (95% CI: 15.5%, 22.4%). Being urban resident (AOR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.48, 4.87), having primary education (AOR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.03, 5.60), reporting receiving information on HIV from health care providers (AOR: 3.24, 95% CI: 1.53, 6.83), having discussion with partner about mother-to-child transmission of HIV (AOR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.59, 4.39), and attending antenatal care (AOR: 5.80, 95% CI: 2.63, 12.77) were positively associated with increased maternal knowledge of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Knowledge of mother-to-child transmission of HIV among pregnant women was low. Providing information, especially for rural women and their partners, is highly recommended.

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Cessation of breastfeeding and associated factors in the era of elimination of mother to child transmission of HIV at Ndejje Health Center, Uganda: a retrospective cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-19025/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jackslina Gaaniri Ngbapai ◽

Jonathan Izudi ◽

Stephen Okoboi

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Health Center ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

One Year ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Mother To Child

Abstract BackgroundBreastfeeding an infant exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) carries the risk of HIV acquisition whilst not breastfeeding poses a higher risk of death from malnutrition, diarrhea, and pneumonia. In Uganda, mothers living with HIV are encouraged to discontinue breastfeeding at 12 months but data are limited. We examined the frequency and factors associated with cessation of breastfeeding at one year among mothers living with HIV at Ndejje Health Center IV, a large peri-urban health facility in Uganda.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study involved all mothers living with HIV and enrolled in HIV care for ≥ 12 months between June 2014 and June 2018. We abstracted data from registers, held focus group discussions with mothers living with HIV and key informant interviews with healthcare providers. Cessation of breastfeeding was defined as the proportion of mothers living with HIV who had discontinued breastfeeding at one year. We summarized quantitative data descriptively, tested differences in outcome using Chi-square and t - tests, and established independently associated factors using modified Poisson regression analysis at 5 % statistical significance level. We thematically analyzed qualitative data to enrich and triangulate the quantitative results. ResultsOf 235 participants, 150 (63.8 %) had ceased breastfeeding at one year and this was independently associated with the infant being male (Adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] 1.25, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.04, 1.50), the mother being multiparous (aRR 1.26, 95 % CI 1.04-1.53), and the initiation of breastfeeding being on the same-day as birth (aRR 0.06, 95 % CI 0.01-0.41). The reasons for ceasing breastfeeding included male infants over breastfeed than females, maternal literacy and knowledge adequacy about breastfeeding, support and reminders from the partner, and boys can bite once they get teeth. ConclusionSuboptimal proportion of infants were ceased from breastfeeding at one year and this might increase the risk of mother to child transmission of HIV. Cessation of breastfeeding was more likely among male infants and multiparous mothers but less likely when breastfeeding was initiated on the same-day as birth. Interventions to enhance cessation of breastfeeding should target none multiparous mothers and those with female infants.

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Social determinants of male partner involvement in women's Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission care Program in Malawi

10.21203/rs.3.rs-31425/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Isotta Triulzi ◽

Olivia Keiser ◽

Claire Somerville ◽

Sangwani Salimu ◽

Fausto Ciccacci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Partner ◽

Male Involvement ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Male Partners ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Mother To Child

Abstract Background Male partners are rarely present during PMTCT (Prevention-Mother-To-Child-Transmission) services in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Men’s involvement is increasingly recognised as an important element of women’s access to care. This study aims to identify the socio-demographic characteristics, HIV-Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among women accompanied and not accompanied by their male partners. Methods We included pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT programme between August 2018 and November 2019 in the Southern Region of Malawi. Eligible women were aged 18 years or older, living with a male partner, enrolled for the first time in one of the four selected facilities. We provided a KAP survey to women and their partners attending the facilities. Our primary objective was to assess and analyse the proportion of women who were accompanied by their partner at least once. We applied descriptive statistics and logistic regressions to study the association between being accompanied and explanatory variables. Results We enrolled 128 HIV-positive women: 82 (64.1%) were accompanied by their male partners and 46 (35.9%) were alone. Women’s unemployment and possession of a vehicle are negatively associated with male attendance (respectively adjusted OR 0.32 [95% CI, 0.13-0.83] and 0.23 [95% CI, 0.07-0.77]), whereas high women’s level of knowledge of HIV is positively associated with male attendance (adjusted OR 2.33 [95% CI, 1.01-5.40]). Level of attitude and practice toward HIV were not significantly associated to our study variable. Conclusions Our study shows a high male involvement in Malawi compared to other studies performed in SSA. This study highlights the factors affecting male attendance which are women’s level of knowledge on HIV, economic condition (employment and means of transport) and healthcare system inequality including geographical accessibility. Moreover, the study points out that gender power relationships and stringent gender norms play a crucial role thus they should be considered to enhance male involvement.

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Social determinants of male partner involvement in women's Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission care Program in Malawi

10.21203/rs.3.rs-31425/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Isotta Triulzi ◽

Olivia Keiser ◽

Claire Somerville ◽

Sangwani Salimu ◽

Fausto Ciccacci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Male Partner ◽

Male Involvement ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Male Partners ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Mother To Child

Abstract Background Male partners are rarely present during PMTCT ( Prevention-Mother-To-Child-Transmission ) services in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Male involvement is increasingly recognised as an important element of women’s access to care. This study aims to identify the socio-demographic characteristics, HIV-Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) among women accompanied and not accompanied by their male partners. Methods We included pregnant women enrolled in PMTCT programme between August 2018 and November 2019 in the Southern Region of Malawi . Eligible women were aged 18 years or older, living with a male partner, enrolled for the first time in one of the four selected facilities. We provided a KAP survey to women and their partners attending the facilities. Our primary objective was to assess and analyse the proportion of women who were accompanied by their partner at least once. We applied descriptive statistics and logistic regressions to study the association between being accompanied and explanatory variables. Results We enrolled 128 HIV-positive women: 82 (64.1%) were accompanied by their male partners and 46 (35.9%) were alone. Women’s unemployment and owning a means of transport are negatively associated with male attendance (respectively adjusted OR 0.32 [95% CI, 0.11-0.82] and 0.23 [95% CI, 0.07-0.77]), whereas high women’s level of knowledge of HIV is positively associated with male attendance (OR 2.17 [95% CI, 1.03-4.58]). Level of attitude and practice toward HIV were not significantly associated to our study variable. Conclusions Our study shows a high male attendance in Malawi compared to other studies performed in SSA. This study highlights the factors affecting male attendance which are women’s level of knowledge on HIV, economic condition (employment and owning a means of transport). Moreover, the study points out that gender power relationships and stringent gender norms play a crucial role thus they should be considered to enhance male involvement.

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Levels of mother-to-child HIV transmission knowledge and associated factors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0256419

Author(s):

Mamo Nigatu Gebre ◽

Merga Belina Feyasa ◽

Teshome Kabeta Dadi

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Health Survey ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Mother To Child

Background The world community has committed to eliminating the mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Even though different studies have been done in Ethiopia, to the knowledge of the investigators, the Ethiopian women’s level of knowledge on the mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus is not well studied and the existing evidence is inconclusive. The current study is aimed to study the Ethiopian women’s level of knowledge on the mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and its associated factors using the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey Data. Methods Data of 15,683 women were extracted from the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey. Descriptive statistics and multilevel ordinal logistic regression were respectively used for the descriptive and analytical studies. Results 41.1% [95% CI: 39.5%, 42.7%] of the Ethiopian reproductive-age women have adequate knowledge of the mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. 77%, 84% and 87.8% of the women respectively know that human immunodeficiency virus can be transmitted during pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding. There are wider regional variations in the women’s level of knowledge of the mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Being an urban resident, having better educational status, being from a wealthy household, owning of mobile phone, frequency of listening to the radio, frequency of watching television, and being visited with field workers were significantly associated with having adequate knowledge of the mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Conclusion Despite all collective measures put in a place by different stakeholders to prevent the mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Ethiopia, a large proportion of the Ethiopian women do not know about the mother-to-child transmission of the disease. Stakeholders working on HIV prevention and control should give due emphasis to promoting mobile phone technology and other media like radio and television by giving due focus to rural residents and poor women to promote the current low level of the knowledge. Emphasis should also be given to the information, education, and communication of the mother-to-child transmission of the disease through community-based educations.

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Cessation of breastfeeding and associated factors in the era of elimination of mother to child transmission of HIV at Ndejje health center, Uganda: a retrospective cohort study

International Breastfeeding Journal ◽

10.1186/s13006-020-00323-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jackslina Gaaniri Ngbapai ◽

Jonathan Izudi ◽

Stephen Okoboi

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Health Center ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Mother To Child

Abstract Background Breastfeeding an infant exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) carries the risk of HIV acquisition whilst not breastfeeding poses a higher risk of death from malnutrition, diarrhea, and pneumonia. In Uganda, mothers living with HIV are encouraged to discontinue breastfeeding at 12 months but data are limited. We examined the frequency and factors associated with cessation of breastfeeding at 1 year among mothers living with HIV at Ndejje Health Center IV, a large peri-urban health facility in Uganda. Methods This retrospective cohort study involved all mothers living with HIV and enrolled in HIV care for ≥12 months between June 2014 and June 2018. We abstracted data from registers, held focus group discussions with mothers living with HIV and key informant interviews with healthcare providers. Cessation of breastfeeding was defined as the proportion of mothers living with HIV who had discontinued breastfeeding at 1 year. We summarized quantitative data descriptively, tested differences in outcome using Chi-square and t - tests, and established independently associated factors using modified Poisson regression analysis at 5% statistical significance level. We thematically analyzed qualitative data to enrich and triangulate the quantitative results. Results Of 235 participants, 150 (63.8%) had ceased breastfeeding at 1 year and this was independently associated with the infant being male (Adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04, 1.50), the mother being multiparous (aRR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04–1.53), and the initiation of breastfeeding being on the same-day as birth (aRR 0.06, 95% CI 0.01–0.41). The reasons for ceasing breastfeeding included male infants over breastfeed than females, maternal literacy and knowledge adequacy about breastfeeding, support and reminders from the partner, and boys can bite once they get teeth. Conclusion Suboptimal proportion of infants were ceased from breastfeeding at 1 year and this might increase the risk of mother to child transmission of HIV. Cessation of breastfeeding was more likely among male infants and multiparous mothers but less likely when breastfeeding was initiated on the same-day as birth. Interventions to enhance cessation of breastfeeding should target none multiparous mothers and those with female infants.

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