In vitro cellular localization and efficient accumulation of fluorescently tagged biomaterials from monodispersed chitosan nanoparticles for elucidation of controlled release pathways for drug delivery systems

Background: Drug delivery systems such as hydrogels have become relevant in cardiovascular and metabolic therapies due to their sustained and controlled release properties of drugs, versatile polymer structures, safety and biodegradability. Results: The literature presented demonstrates that a hydrogel-based controlled release system increases the therapeutic efficacy in different components of the metabolic syndrome. Hypertension has been the most explored component with advances in vitro and murine models. However, clinical evidence in humans is scarce, and more translational studies are needed. Hydrogel-based systems for diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia have been little explored. Observations mainly demonstrated an increase in therapeutic efficacy, in vitro and in vivo, for the use of insulin, leptin, and natural components, such as epigallocatechin gallate. In all cases, the hydrogel systems achieve better plasma levels of the loaded compound, higher bioavailability, and low cytotoxicity; compared to conventional systems. Also, the evidence existing suggests that the development of an injectable hydrogel system for controlled release of drugs or therapeutic compounds is presented as an attractive option for MeS treatment, due to the possibility of sustained pharmacological release, no need for repeated doses, and a safe administration route. Conclusion: The following review aims to evaluate the use of the hydrogel systems in the therapy of diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, which are the main components of metabolic syndrome.

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Formulation and evaluation of Norfloxacin gastro retentive drug delivery systems using natural polymers

International Current Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.3329/icpj.v1i7.10809 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (7) ◽

pp. 155-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P D Thahera ◽

Mr Ashok ◽

K Latha ◽

T Shailaja ◽

S Nyamathulla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Controlled Release ◽

Drug Release ◽

Delivery System ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Release Profile ◽

Time Duration

Gastric retentive floating drug delivery system (GFDDS) is enabled the prolonged continuous input of the drug to the upper parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and improves the bioavailability of medications with narrow absorption window. The design of the delivery system is based on the controlled release formulation with floating and swelling features in order to prolong the gastric retention time of the drug delivery systems. In the present study norfloxacin as candidate, guar gum, sodium CMC, HPMC15 KM is studied along with other excipients like PVP K30 (binder), sodium bicarbonate microcrystalline cellulose were used in different concentrations to get the desired controlled release profile over a period of 12 hrs. All the formulations were evaluated for buoyancy lag time, duration of buoyancy, dimensional stability, drug content and in vitro drug release profile. Based on the in vitro studies carried out for the optimized formulation by dissolution the performance of the developed formulation promises to be efficient in controlling the drug release rate with the guar gum, a natural polymer.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i7.10809International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(7): 155-164

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Chitosan Nanoparticles: An Approbative System for the Delivery of Herbal Bioactives

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315510999201124155627 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Sapna Saini ◽

Sanju Nanda ◽

Anju Dhiman

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Intrinsic Properties ◽

Amino Groups ◽

Suitable Candidate ◽

Film Forming ◽

Novel Drug

: Chitosan, a natural biodegradable polymer obtained from deacetylation of chitin, has been used as an approbative macromolecule for the development of various novel drug delivery systems. It is one of the most favorable biodegradable carriers for nanoparticulate drug delivery due to its intrinsic properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, availability of free reactive amino groups, and ease of chemical modification into different active derivatives. Furthermore, interesting physical properties (film-forming, gelling and thickening) make it a suitable candidate for formulations, such as films, microcapsules, beads, nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanogel and so on. Researchers have reported that chitosan nanoparticles act as a promising vehicle for herbal actives as they provide a superior alternative to traditional carriers and improve pharmaceutical efficiency. As no review of chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating herbal extracts and bioactives has been published till date, a maiden effort has been made to collate and review the use of chitosan nanoparticles for the entrapment of phytoconstituents to yield stable, efficient and safe drug delivery systems. Additionally, the paper presents a comprehensive account of the state-of the-art in fabricating herbal chitosan nanoparticles and their current pharmacological status. A list of patents on chitosan nanoparticles of herbal actives has also been included. This review is intended to serve as a didactic discourse for the formulation scientists endeavoring to develop advanced delivery systems for herbal actives.

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Controlled-release vaginal ring drug-delivery systems: a key strategy for the development of effective HIV microbicides

Therapeutic Delivery ◽

10.4155/tde.10.74 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (6) ◽

pp. 785-802 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Susan M Fetherston ◽

R Karl Malcolm ◽

A David Woolfson

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Controlled Release ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Vaginal Ring

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Advanced Static and Dynamic Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques to Investigate Drug Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13060861 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 861

Author(s):

Jacopo Cardellini ◽

Arianna Balestri ◽

Costanza Montis ◽

Debora Berti

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Fluorescence Microscopy ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Super Resolution ◽

Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽

Biological Phenomena

In the past decade(s), fluorescence microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) have been widely employed to investigate biological and biomimetic systems for pharmaceutical applications, to determine the localization of drugs in tissues or entire organisms or the extent of their cellular uptake (in vitro). However, the diffraction limit of light, which limits the resolution to hundreds of nanometers, has for long time restricted the extent and quality of information and insight achievable through these techniques. The advent of super-resolution microscopic techniques, recognized with the 2014 Nobel prize in Chemistry, revolutionized the field thanks to the possibility to achieve nanometric resolution, i.e., the typical scale length of chemical and biological phenomena. Since then, fluorescence microscopy-related techniques have acquired renewed interest for the scientific community, both from the perspective of instrument/techniques development and from the perspective of the advanced scientific applications. In this contribution we will review the application of these techniques to the field of drug delivery, discussing how the latest advancements of static and dynamic methodologies have tremendously expanded the experimental opportunities for the characterization of drug delivery systems and for the understanding of their behaviour in biologically relevant environments.

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