Genetic parameters of the series of progeny tests plus oak trees Quercus robur L

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (84) ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Ravil Kamalov ◽  
◽  
Irina Kamalova ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Lauer ◽  
Andrew Sims ◽  
Steven McKeand ◽  
Fikret Isik

Abstract Genetic parameters were estimated using a five-series multienvironment trial of Pinus taeda L. in the southern USA. There were 324 half-sib families planted in five test series across 37 locations. A set of six variance/covariance matrices for the genotype-by-environment (G × E) effect for tree height and diameter were compared on the basis of model fit. In single-series analysis, extended factor analytical models provided generally superior model fit to simpler models for both traits; however, in the combined-series analysis, diameter was optimally modeled using simpler variance/covariance structures. A three-way compound term for modeling G × E interactions among and within series yielded substantial improvements in terms of model fit and standard errors of predictions. Heritability of family means ranged between 0.63 and 0.90 for both height and diameter. Average additive genetic correlations among sites were 0.70 and 0.61 for height and diameter, respectively, suggesting the presence of some G × E interaction. Pairs of sites with the lowest additive genetic correlations were located at opposite ends of the latitude range. Latent factor regression revealed a small number of parents with large factor scores that changed ranks significantly between southern and northern environments. Study Implications Multienvironmental progeny tests of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) were established over 10 years in the southern United States to understand the genetic variation for the traits of economic importance. There was substantial genetic variation between open-pollinated families, suggesting that family selection would be efficient in the breeding program. Genotype-by-environment interactions were negligible among sites in the deployment region but became larger between sites at the extremes of the distribution. The data from these trials are invaluable in informing the breeding program about the genetic merit of selection candidates and their potential interaction with the environment. These results can be used to guide deployment decisions in the southern USA, helping landowners match germplasm with geography to achieve optimal financial returns and conservation outcomes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1(22)) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Petru Cuza ◽  

Extreme weather events with high temperatures and strong sunlight have increased alarmingly in the last few decades, considerable affecting plant photosynthesis. In this study, the impact of thermal stress on photosystem II activity in the leaves of pedunculate oak trees (Quercus robur L.) of different ecological origin was assessed. Four days after the thermal shock application with a temperature of 50°C during 20, 40, 60 minutes, the processes of recovery on photosystem II activity in the leaves of the oak trees in the investigated provenances took place with different speed and fullness. The recovery of the functional state of photosystem II in the leaves of the trees showed that in the environmental conditions of the ,,Plaiul Fagului” reservation territory an advanced thermotolerance to the thermal stress action was specifi c for the origin from the north of the country (Edinet). The leaves of the trees of local and southern origin showed a low resistance to the thermal stress action. The advanced adaptation capacity, the high growth rate of the trees from the northern provenance suggest that the acorn harvested from the oaks of northern origin can be used for the works of extension of the afforestation areas in the central area of the Republic of Moldova.


2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-454
Author(s):  
F. Szabó ◽  
Z. Lengyel ◽  
Z. Domokos ◽  
S. Bene

Abstract. Weaning performance of 10 808 purebred offsprings (4991 male and 5817 female) of 80 sires in 13 farms were analised using animal model. Heritability, breeding value, (co)variance components for weaning weight (WW), preweaning daily gain (PDG), 205-day weight (CWW) were calculated. Farm, parity, year of birth, season of birth, sex were treated as fixed, and the maternal permanent environment was treated as random effects. In case of WW and PDG, the age of the calves at weaning was fitted as a covariant. Data were analyzed with MTDFREML (Boldman et al. 1993) program. The overall mean value and standard deviation of WW, PDG and CWW were 221±47 kg, 1,111±0.21 kg/day and 226±42 kg, respectively. The age of the calves at weaning was 202 days. The direct heritability (h2d) of WW and PDG were 0.57±0.08, 0.49±0.07 and CWW was 0.44±0.06, respectively. The maternal heritability (h2m) of these traits were 0.32±0.09, 0.33±0.10 and 0.33±0.09, respectively. The direct-maternal correlations (rdm) were strong and negative. The medium heritability estimates for direct effects suggest that progeny tests should be used in this population to increase genetic improvement.


Chemosphere ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 931-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fenyvesi ◽  
Cs. Béres ◽  
A. Raschi ◽  
R. Tognietti ◽  
H.-W. Ridder ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
С.Н. Кружилин ◽  
Т.Ю. Баранова ◽  
А.А. Багдасарян

Государственный природный заказник "Горненский", расположенный в центральной части Ростовской области, являясь особо охраняемой природной территорией областного значения, имеет уникальные объекты, представленные искусственно созданными лесными насаждениями дуба черешчатого (Quercus robur L.). В современном лесном хозяйстве черноземной зоны дуб черешчатый продолжает занимать лидирующие позиции по хозяйственному значению. Большое внимание при выращивании леса уделяется продуктивности. Насаждения, устойчивые насаждение к болезням, вредителям и неблагоприятным природным явлениям, всегда являются продуктивными и имеют большой показатель запаса древесины на единицу площади. Усыхание дубрав в последние годы становится актуальной проблемой. Основными факторами этих процессов являются повреждения вредителями и инфекционными заболеваниями. Повышению устойчивости деревьев дуба черешчатого в насаждениях способствуют своевременные рубки ухода. Авторы провели анализ посадок дуба черешчатого, сформированных с участием основной сопутствующей породы – клена остролистного. Исследовано 2 варианта лесных культур дуба в условиях сухой дубравы (Д1), определены лесоводственно-таксационные показатели в разные возрастные периоды. Отмечается, что при отсутствии в них плановых рубок ухода в периоды с 25 до 40 и с 35 до 50 лет происходит падение бонитета с 1 до 2 класса. Наряду с этим отмечается суховершинность деревьев, что приводит к задернению поверхности почвы и, соответственно изменению условий произрастания. The Gornensky State NatureReserve,situated in the central part of the Rostov Region, isa protected natural area of regional significance. The reserve contains unique objects, represented by artificially created forest stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.). In the modern forestry of the Chernozem zone,pedunculate oak continues to take a leading position in terms of its economic value. Much attention is paid to productivity when growing forests. Plantings that are resistant to diseases, pests, and adverse natural phenomena are always productive and have a large stock of wood per unit area. The diebackof oak forests has become an urgent problem in recent years. The main factors of these processes are damage by pests and infectious diseases. Timely improvement felling of oak trees helps to increase the stability of the stands. The authors analyzed plantings of petiolate oak formed with the participation of the main accompanying species– Norwaymaple. Twovariants of forest oak plantationsin the conditions of a dry oak forest (D1) were studied, and forestry and taxation indicators were determined for different age periods. It is noted that in the absence of planned improvement felling in the periods from 25 to 40 and from 35 to 50 years, there is a drop in the yield class from 1 to 2. Along with this, the diebackof trees is noted, which results inthe grassing-downof the soil surface and, accordingly, changes in the growing conditions.


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