scholarly journals Analysis of the circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure in stable and progressive forms of primary open-angle glaucoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
T. N. Malishevskaya ◽  
D. G. Gubin ◽  
I. V. Nemcova ◽  
A. S. Vlasova ◽  
Ju. E. Filippova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Retinal Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Loss Index

Purpose. To analyze the daily dynamics and the parameters of intraocular pressure circadian rhythm (IOP CR) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) (stable and progressive forms) and determine chronobiological regularities of glaucoma progression depending on the patterns of restructuring the daily dynamics of IOP CR and body temperature.Material and methods. The study included 75 POAG patients, of which 35 had a stable form (S-POAG) and 40 had a rapidly progressing form (P-POAG). The control group was composed of 80 subjects without POAG. The index of retinal ganglion cell loss measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) was used as a criterion of POAG progression. IOP was measured by the patients themselves for 72 hours at 7 time points (3 am, 8 am, 11 am, 2 pm, 5 pm, 8 pm, and 11 pm, who used an Icare ONE portable intraocular pressure tonometer for individual use.Results. IOP daily dynamics was distributed differently in the different groups. In S-POAG, the peak values were mainly reached in the morning hours, while the minimum values were observed at night. In P-POAG, the peak values of IOP were contrariwise recorded at night. In both POAG groups, an increase of irregular fluctuation share was noted, which indicated a decrease of the CR contribution to the IOP CR. Moreover, in POAG, a change in the phase ratio between the IOP CR and CR of body temperature was observed. For IOP CR phase violation manifestations, the threshold value of GCS global loss index was determined at 10–15 % according to OCT data.Conclusion. IOP daily dynamics were shown to differ in S-POAG and P-POAG patients. In both groups. Signs of desynchronization were detected. The ganglion retinal cell global loss index can be used to determine phase disturbances of IOP CR.

Clinical efficacy of osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with unoperated open-angle glaucoma

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
E. N. Simakova ◽  
O. V. Stenkova
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Hypotensive Drug

Introduction. Glaucoma is one of the most significant eye diseases. It is often diagnosed, not always amenable to therapy, and can lead to a complete loss of visual functions. In recent years, the method of osteopathic correction has become widespread as one of the effective methods of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with pathologies of various body systems. In the pathogenesis of glaucoma, it is customary to distinguish a dystrophic concept, which considers primary open-angle glaucoma as a result of dystrophic changes in the connective tissue, as well as in the endothelial lining of the trabeculae and Schlemm′s canal, especially destructive changes in mitochondria and the alteration of their functional activity. A vascular concept is also distinguished. According to this concept, the central link in the pathogenesis of glaucoma is circulatory disorder in the ciliary vessels, ocular artery, and major vessels of the head and neck, it can be assumed that osteopathic correction in the treatment of patients with open-angle glaucoma will be pathogenetically substantiated and will have a positive effect on intraocular pressure and trophicity of the optic nerve. The goal of research — to study the influence of in osteopathic correction on the nature of unoperated glaucoma (stage IIA) and to substantiate the possibility of using osteopathic correction in the complex treatment of patients with this pathology.Materials and methods. A prospective controlled randomized study was conducted at 52 city polyclinics, branch 3, Moscow, from January 2018 to January 2019. 40 patients (70 eyes) aged 50 to 75 years with primary open-angle glaucoma IIA stage were examined. At this stage of the disease, patients most often seek medical care and the issue of conservative management is primarily considered. All patients were divided into two groups of 20 people: the main group and the control group. The treatment in the main group included hypotensive drug therapy and osteopathic correction. Patients of the control group received only drug therapy. All patients underwent ophthalmic (visometry, tonometry, perimetry) and osteopathic examination twice: before the treatment and after 3 months.Results. For patients with primary open-angle IIA non-operated glaucoma, regional (most often regions of the head, neck, dura mater) and local (abdominal diaphragm, iliac bones, hip and knee joints) somatic dysfunctions were the most typical. In the main group a statistically significant decrease in the frequency and severity of dysfunctions at all levels was stated. Also, in patients receiving osteopathic correction, a significant decrease in the level of intraocular pressure and perimetric indices was noted. In patients of the control group, no reliable changes in these indicators were obtained.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that osteopathic correction is clinically effective in the complex treatment of patients with primary open-angle II A glaucoma.

scholarly journals Progressive spectacle correction in patients with ametropia and primary open-angle glaucoma

The Eye ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 125 (2019-1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Irina Gndoyan ◽  
Natalya Kuznetsova ◽  
Alexander Derevyanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Aqueous Humor Outflow ◽  
Vision Correction ◽  
Spectacle Correction

Purpose: To determine the role that progressive spectacle lenses play in intraocular pressure compensation and stabilization of the glaucomatous process in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) combined with presbyopia and refractive errors. Material and methods. 29 patients (53 eyes) aged 43 to 67 years with I-II stage POAG and a certain type of refractive error were enrolled into study. All patients had intraocular pressure (IOP) compensated to the target level on medication. Patients of the main group (17 people, 32 eyes) used universal progressive spectacle lenses with optimized surface. The patients of the control group (12 people, 21 eyes) used separate monofocal glasses for near and distance vision as a method of ametropia correction. Visual acuity test, refractometry, pneumotonometry, tonography, automated static perimetry were applied for monitoring the patients. The measurements were taken before spectacle correction and a year after its prescription. Results. A decrease of IOP (p=0.01) and an increase of the aqueous humor outflow coefficient (p<0.01) were determined after one year use of the recommended type of vision correction in the main group, whereas in the control group there was an increased level of IOP (p<0.05) and a reduced aqueous humor outflow coefficient (p<0.2). Conclusion. The use of progressive spectacle lenses as a method of permanent vision correction reliably reduces IOP and improves the aqueous humor outflow in patients with early-stage POAG. The absence of negative visual field dynamics indicates the stabilization of the glaucomatous process.

scholarly journals Progression of Corneal Endothelial Insult by Chronic Elevation of intraocular Pressure: A prospective Observational Comparative Study Among Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elshimaa A.Mateen ◽  
Hatem Gamal Ammar ◽  
Khulood Muhammad Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Iop Elevation ◽  
Glaucoma Group

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate specular microscopic changes of corneal endothelial cells (CEC) count and morphology in correlation to retinal nerve fiber layer RNFL changes detected by visual field (VF) and OCT in early and advanced primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).Methods: A prospective observational comparative study was conducted on patients with POAG versus non-glaucomatous patients of the same age group. Specular microscopy, VF test, OCT scans of RNFL, and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) were performed. Glaucoma group was further subdivided into early and advanced stages.Results: The study included 130 eyes of 130 subjects, 70 were eyes with POAG (glaucoma group), 60 were healthy eyes (control group). Both groups were comparable regarding mean age and sex.In the early glaucoma group, a significant negative correlation was found between the coefficient of variation (CV%) and superior PRNFL thickness (r=-0.5, p-value=0.018). A significant negative correlation was also found between percentage of cellular hexagonality (HEX%) and vertical cup/disc (C/D) ratio (r=-0.43, p-value= 0.035). A significant positive correlation was found between HEX% and (superior, inferior) PRNFL thickness (r=0.53, 0.5 and p-value= 0.008, 0.015) respectively.Mean CEC count was significantly lower in the advanced glaucoma group than in the control group (2958.7±371.2 vs 3085±172.5, p value=0.043). Conclusions: CEC is affected by chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation just like the PRNFL and macular GCC. CEC morphology is insulted in the early stages of POAG while the count can withstand chronic IOP elevation till advanced stages were both are affected.

Experience in the management of patients with cataract-associated glaucoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
B.G. Dzhashi ◽  
◽  
T.N. Zhdanova ◽  
S.V. Balalin ◽  
A.R. Vinogradov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Deep Sclerectomy ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Second Stage

Purpose. Analysis of the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma associated with cataract the first stage realization of cataract phacoemulsification with IOL implantation (PHACO), and the second stage - microinvasive nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (MNPDS). Material and methods. The results of 234 cases of performing PHACO and MNPDS at various stages have been analyzed. The main group included patients who underwent PHACO, followed by MNPDS – 39 persons, 40 eyes. The group was divided into a subgroup based on the date of the second intervention. 1 subgroup – patients who underwent MNPDS 1 month after PHACO (11 cases); 2 subgroup – 3 months after PHACO (29 cases). The control group included patients who underwent MNPDS followed by PHACO – 180 persons, 195 eyes. Also, subgroups of patients were identified for whom PHACO + IOL was performed in the second stage after 1 month – 1 subgroup (99 cases) and after 3 months – 2 subgroup (96 cases). Results. Patients of the main group showed a significant decrease in intraocular pressure after each stage of treatment. in the control group, intraocular pressure decreased after the first stage of treatment, but increased 6 months after surgery. Conclusions. According to the study, in primary open-angle glaucoma associated with cataract, the most persistent hypotensive effect is observed when the first stage of cataract phacoemulsification is performed, and the second stage is antiglaucoma surgical intervention. Key words: glaucoma, cataract, cataract phacoemulsification, microinvasive nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy.

scholarly journals Effects of cataract surgery on short-term and long-term intraocular pressure fluctuations in non-glaucomatous and medically controlled primary open-angle glaucoma patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Bojana Markic ◽  
Milka Mavija ◽  
Sasa Smoljanovic-Skocic ◽  
Sanela-Sanja Burgic
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short And Long Term

Introduction. It has been recognized that cataract surgery leads to a reduction of intraocular pressure, both in healthy and in glaucoma patients. This prospective interventional clinical study aimed to investigate the effects of cataract surgery on intraocular pressure and its short- and long-term fluctuations in medically controlled primary open-angle glaucoma patients and non-glaucomatous patients. Material and Methods. Two groups of 31 patients (31 eyes) were studied. The observed group included patients with glaucoma and cataract, and the control group included patients with senile cataract only. The intraocular pressure was measured three times daily pre- and at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Results. In both groups, a significant postoperative reduction in both mean and maximum intraocular pressure. Six months after surgery, in the observed group the average and maximum intraocular pressure reduction levels were -2.73 ? 1.91 mmHg and -3.16 ? 2.19 mmHg, and -2.26 ? 1.71 mmHg and -2.53 ? 1.70 mmHg in the control group. In the observed group, at 3 and 6 months after surgery, a significant reduction in short-term fluctuations was observed. Six months after surgery, short-term fluctuations decreased by -1.04 ? 2.20 mmHg compared to preoperative. Postoperatively, in the observed group, long-term fluctuations of average and maximum intraocular pressure were 2.69 ? 2.15 mmHg and 2.88 ? 2.22 mmHg, respectively, and in the controls they were 2.02 ? 1.28 mmHg and 2.42 ? 1.47 mmHg, showing no significant differences between groups. Conclusion. In patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, cataract surgery results in a statistically significant reduction in both average and maximum intraocular pressure as well as of short-term fluctuations.

The role of rs2075575 polymorphism of the aquaporin 4 gene in the development of primary open-angle glaucoma

2019 ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Е.В. Собанчеев ◽  
Ю.А. Витковский ◽  
А.С. Емельянов ◽  
А.Н. Емельянова ◽  
Е.А. Жаринова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Aquaporin Gene ◽  
Significant Difference

Актуальность. Несмотря на всестороннее изучение патогенеза первичной открытоугольной глаукомы (ПОУГ), механизмы возникновения заболевания до конца не изучены. В настоящее время определена роль аквапоринов в регуляции внутриглазного давления. Были обнаружены мутации, усиливающие и снижающие функции аквапорина 4, описано влияние различных генетических вариантов аквапоринов на величину внутриглазного давления. Цель исследования. Исследовать частоту встречаемости вариантов полиморфизма rs2075575 (C/Т) гена аквапорина 4 у больных ПОУГ. Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняли участие 101 пациент с ПОУГ и 80 здоровых людей (контрольная группа). Возраст исследуемых колебался от 45 до 87 лет. Средний возраст составил 66 лет. Критерием включения в основную группу служил диагноз ПОУГ развитой, далеко зашедшей и терминальной стадий. Критериями включения в контрольную группу служили возраст старше 60 лет, отсутствие глаукомы и выраженной соматической патологии. ДНК выделяли из буккального эпителия. Полиморфизм гена аквапорина 4 rs2075575 определяли методом полимеразной цепной реакции. Результаты. Установлено, что распределение генотипов у пациентов с ПОУГ отличается от группы здоровых лиц. Обнаружено, что генотип СС среди больных глаукомой встречается в 1,8 раза чаще, чем в контрольной группе. Наоборот, генотип СТ выявляется в 1,5 раза чаще в контрольной группе. Отношение шансов (OR) для генотипа СС равно 2,48 (95% CI 1,30-4,74). У генотипа СТ выявляется протекторная роль, OR =0,52 (95% CI 0,28-0,97). Частота встречаемости генотипа ТТ в исследуемых группах не различается. Выводы. Полиморфный вариант rs2075575 (C/Т) гена аквапорина 4 вносит вклад в риск развития ПОУГ в исследованной выборке. Background. Despite a comprehensive study of the pathogenesis of the disease, the mechanisms of primary open-angle glaucoma are not completely clear. Currently, the role of aquaporins in the regulation of intraocular pressure has been determined. Mutations were discovered that enhance and decrease the functions of aquaporin 4. The effect of various genetic variants of aquaporins on the value of intraocular pressure is described. The aim of research. To investigate the variability of the polymorphism of aquaporin 4 rs2075575 (C / T) in patients with glaucoma. Materials and methods. 101 persons with primary open-angle glaucoma and 80 persons without glaucoma (the control group) were examined. The age of the subjects ranged from 45 to 87 years. The average age was 66 years. The criterion for inclusion in the main group was the diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma of a developed, distant and terminal stage. The criteria for inclusion in the control group were age over 60 years, the absence of glaucoma, the absence of pronounced somatic pathology. DNAs were extracted from buccal epithelium. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to determine the polymorphism of the aquaporin gene 4 rs2075575. Results. There was a significant difference in the distribution of genotypes in the study and control groups. СС genotype among patients with glaucoma occurs 1.8 times more often than in the control group. CT genotype, on the contrary, is 1.5 times more often in the control group. The odds ratio (OR) for this genotype is 2.48 (95% CI 1.30 - 4.74). The CT genotype reveals a protective role, OR = 0.52 (95% CI 0.28 - 0.97). The genotype of TT in the studied groups is slightly different in frequency of occurrence. Conclusion. The frequencies of gene polymorphisms of aquaporin 4 rs2075575 (C/Т) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and healthy were diverse. The likelihood of developing primary open-angle glaucoma is increased in carriers of the СС genotype. Genotype CT play a protective role for primary open-angle glaucoma.

scholarly journals Effect of Posture in Intraocular Pressure, Comparison between Normal and Glaucomatous Subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-23
Author(s):  
Ram Shrestha ◽  
Sagarika Patyal ◽  
Ramesh Bista ◽  
Sagar Rajkarnikar ◽  
Anu Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Postural Changes

Introduction: Intraocular pressure (IOP) increases when changing from sitting to supine position with an average difference of 0.3 to 6.0mm of Hg. These postural changes of IOP have been found in normal persons, patients with ocular hypertension and normal tension glaucoma. The eye is relatively non-distensible, even small changes in the volume of aqueous humor may significantly change IOP. The increase in resistance in aqueous flow is thought to be the reason for higher IOP in supine compared to sitting position. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of posture in intraocular pressure in normal and primary open angle glaucoma subjects. Methods: It was a prospective cross sectional study done in Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, between May, 2007 to May, 2009 with sample sized of 60 people (30 controls and 30 Primary open angle glaucoma). Patients underwent complete ocular examination. Two drops of Topical 4% lignocaine were instilled. IOP measurements were taken by Rebound tonometer in sitting and supine positions at 10 min and 30 min interval respectively. Results: Control group (40-76 yrs) and POAG group (40-78 yrs) were found to have a mean rise of IOP of 1.65 and 2 mm of Hg respectively from sitting to lying for 10min, and  a mean rise of 2.52 and 5.36 mm of Hg respectively from sitting to lying for 30min. Conclusions: The rise in IOP due to change of posture from sitting to supine positions was significantly higher in glaucomatous patients.Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital; July-December 2012/vol.11/Issue2/21-23 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v11i2.7904 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document