scholarly journals THE ROLE OF DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THE PROGRESSION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

2017 ◽  
pp. 44-46
Author(s):  
A. G. Kuzmin ◽  
S. A. Martynov ◽  
M. V. Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Retinal Blood Vessels ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Angiopoietin 2 ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Angiogenesis factors, growth factors (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin-2, insulin-like growth factor, etc.) and cytokines play the leading role in the production by endothelial cells of new retinal blood vessels, increased vascular permeability resulting in exudation and macular edema leading to the development of irreversible complications and vision loss. Although large-scale clinical trials demonstrated that tight control of glycemia and normalization of systemic blood pressure reduce the risk of progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the relationship between lipid disorders and retinal damage is not fully understood.

Combination Approaches Targeting Neurodegeneration, Oxidative stress and Inflammation in the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhi Dilip Chalke ◽  
Pravin Popatrao Kale
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Severe Vision Loss ◽  
Angiopoietin 2 ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the most severe ocular problems of diabetes. It is a microvascular complication that impairs the vision of diabetic individuals and can cause acquired blindness. Currently available treatment options like laser therapy, vitrectomy, intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents, and glucocorticoids help to reduce vision loss at advanced stages. In spite of the available therapies, patients with severe vision loss face difficulty in achieving normal vision. There is a need for development of newer treatment strategies to address the condition from the early stages. Multiple factors owing to complex pathophysiological events are responsible for this long-term complication. Neurodegeneration, inflammation, and oxidative stress are the three important factors associated with the development of DR. Oxidative stress is a major contributor to the onset and progression of DR. Pathological events like retinal neurodegeneration and inflammation damage the retina right in the early stages of DR. Different combinations of treatments targeting these pathological events are discussed in the present review. The first combination discussed is citicoline and resveratrol. The second combination is duloxetine and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). These combinations may help in the early stages of DR. CD5-2 and angiopoietin-2 inhibitors is the third combination. This combination may help to manage diabetic macular edema. The main purpose of this article is to discuss the link between these pathologies and the three combination approaches with the objective of consideration of newer therapeutic approaches in research related to DR treatment.

scholarly journals Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels Correlate with Severity of Retinopathy in Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongwei Zhou ◽  
Huixiang Ju ◽  
Mingzhong Sun ◽  
Hongmei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Background. Investigations regarding serum and plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) are conflicting. This meta-analysis is aimed at determining whether serum and plasma VEGF levels are associated with DR and its severity in diabetic patients. Methods. PubMed and EMBASE were used to search for published studies, and serum and plasma VEGF levels were compared among DR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and nondiabetic retinopathy (NDR) patients. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using a random effects model. Results. A total of 29 studies comprising 1805 DR (or NPDR or PDR) patients and 1699 NDR patients were included. ELISA was used to evaluate serum or plasma VEGF levels in all except for two studies included in this meta-analysis. Overall, serum VEGF levels were significantly higher in DR patients (SMD: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.44-1.03) than those in NDR patients, while plasma VEGF levels were not in the comparison (SMD: 0.40, 95% CI: −0.13-0.92). Similarly, NPDR (SMD: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.22-0.80) and PDR (SMD: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.79-1.85) patients had higher serum VEGF levels compared with NDR patients, but the difference was not significant in plasma samples (SMD: 0.24, 95% CI: −0.47-0.95; SMD: 0.37, 95% CI: −0.30-1.05). In addition, serum VEGF levels were higher in PDR patients than those in NPDR patients (SMD: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.41-1.33), but plasma VEGF levels were not (SMD: −0.00, 95% CI: −0.31-0.31). The subgroup and metaregression analysis revealed that the study location, study design, and publication year of a study have certain influence on heterogeneity between studies in serum or plasma samples. Conclusions. VEGF levels in the serum instead of those in the plasma correlate to the presence and severity of DR in diabetic patients. Further large-scale studies are required to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Relationship between Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels and Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Biomarkers

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nakhleh E. Abu-Yaghi ◽  
Nafez M. Abu Tarboush ◽  
Ala M. Abojaradeh ◽  
Amal S. Al-Akily ◽  
Esra’a M. Abdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Dm Type 2

Aim. This study aims to measure serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in a sample of Jordanian patients and to determine their relationship with the different stages of diabetic retinopathy. It also explores the correlation between VEGF concentrations and different biochemical and demographic findings. Materials and Methods. A total of 167 adults participated in the study. Participants were divided into two main categories: patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 without diabetic retinopathy (DR) (N = 62) and patients with DM type 2 affected by DR (N = 105). DR patients were further subclassified into nonproliferative (N = 41) and proliferative (N = 64). Basic laboratory tests were measured to correlate with VEGF levels. Irisin, a hormone linked to diabetic retinopathy was also measured and correlated with VEGF. Results. Serum VEGF was found to positively correlate with the severity of diabetic retinopathy. The means of VEGF serum concentrations were 60 pg/mL for controls, 133 pg/mL for nonproliferative DR patients, and 229 pg/mL for proliferative DR patients. We found a significant positive correlation with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and a significant negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, age, and irisin. Conclusion. In this cohort of Jordanian diabetics, serum VEGF concentrations strongly correlated with the presence and stages of diabetic retinopathy, suggesting it as an appropriate indicator for diabetic retinopathy early detection and management in this society. VEGF levels also significantly correlated with HbA1c, HDL, and irisin levels. Further studies are encouraged to explore these relationships in other ethnic groups and with different diabetic complications.

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