scholarly journals Comparative morphological evaluation of animal corneal parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6010-2018
Author(s):  
VIDA BABRAUSKIENĖ ◽  
JUDITA ŽYMANTIENĖ ◽  
ALBINA ANIULIENĖ ◽  
VIDA JUOZAITIENĖ ◽  
SNIEGUOLĖ MALAKAUSKIENĖ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
Vision Science ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Axis Length ◽  
Substantia Propria

The purpose of this study was to broaden the basic knowledge of corneal morphological structures in pigs, cows and rabbits and to find morphological and histological differences in the constituent corneal structures. After slaughter, corneal samples of 24 animals, including cows, pigs and rabbits, were investigated. Forty-eight eyeballs (n=48) of 8 pigs, 8 cows and 8 rabbits were used for this study. Central corneal thickness (CCT) values in cows were higher than those in pigs (P < 0.001) and rabbits. In rabbits, CCT, as a percentage of the eye axis length, was 55.03% greater than in cows and 40.55% greater than in pigs (P<0.001). The thickness of substantia propria (stroma) depended on the species and accounted for more than 80% of the thickness of all layers of the cornea. The thickness of the anterior epithelium amounted to 15.81% of the thickness of all layers of the cornea in cows, 11.79% in pigs, and 8.48% in rabbits (P<0.001). The data analysis showed that the caudal limiting membrane + endothelium was the thinnest layer of the cornea, with thickness ranging from 0.88% to 2.40% of the total thickness of all layers of the cornea in the three species under study (P<0.001). A statistically significant negative correlation was determined between the anterior epithelium and substantia propria in corneas of cows, pigs and rabbits (P<0.001). This paper describes the morphometric parameters of the cornea in pigs, cows and rabbits. These parameters will be of use to scientists using animal models in vision science research. .

scholarly journals Role of corneal biomechanical properties in predicting of speed of myopic progression in children wearing orthokeratology lenses or single-vision spectacles

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kin Wan ◽  
Sin Wan Cheung ◽  
James S Wolffsohn ◽  
Janis B Orr ◽  
Pauline Cho
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Corneal Hysteresis ◽  
Axial Elongation ◽  
Single Vision ◽  
Length Data ◽  
Corneal Biomechanical Properties

ObjectiveTo determine the characteristics of children who were likely to progress rapidly and gain the greatest benefit from orthokeratology (ortho-k) treatment.Methods and analysisThe files of 113 children who participated in two myopia control studies and wore either ortho-k lenses (n=62) or single-vision spectacles (SVS) (n=51) were reviewed. Baseline cycloplegic subjective refraction, central corneal thickness, axial length, keratometry, intraocular pressure, corneal biomechanical properties and 24-month axial length data were retrieved and analysed.ResultsMultivariate analysis showed that there was significant negative correlation between axial elongation and baseline age and corneal hysteresis (p<0.05) in the SVS group. In the ortho-k group, only baseline age was significantly and negatively associated with axial elongation (p<0.01).ConclusionCorneal biomechanical properties and baseline age can predict the rate of axial elongation in myopic children. It may be beneficial for younger myopic children with low corneal hysteresis to commence ortho-k treatment as early as possible.

scholarly journals Sharing Displays and Data from Vision Science Research with Databrary

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Rick Gilmore ◽  
Karen Adolph ◽  
David Millman ◽  
Lisa Steiger ◽  
Dylan Simon
Keyword(s):  
Science Research ◽  
Vision Science

scholarly journals Activating the Research Methods Curriculum: A Blended Flipped Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natascha van der Zwan ◽  
Alexandre Afonso
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Methods Course ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Mini Games

ABSTRACTThe blended flipped classroom is a partially online, partially offline course to teach social science research methods. Online, students watch video lectures, do readings, and complete short exercises to acquire basic knowledge of research methodologies and academic skills. Being set up modularly, the online environment offers flexibility regarding not only when to study but also what to study: students choose the methods they find useful for their thesis project. They then apply these methods and skills in a series of face-to-face workshops, which incorporate several forms of active learning, such as small-group work, mini-games, and in-class writing. Although more demanding than a traditional lecture course, the blended flipped classroom has had a positive effect on student performance in the research methods course as well as in subsequent thesis projects.

Νεοαγγείωση καρκίνου παχέος εντέρου

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Πέτρος Παυλόπουλος
Keyword(s):  
Shape Factor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Critical Event ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Axis Length

Background: Neovascularization reportedly is correlated with metastasis, recurrence, and prognosis in many types of solid tumors. Microvessel quantification in so-called "hot spots" has been studied extensively as the only factor reflecting angiogenesis in various malignant tumors. The objective of this study was to evaluate multiple morphometric microvascular characteristics in addition to microvessel density (MVD) in colorectal carcinomas to provide a better approach to examining the relation between angiogenesis and clinicopathologic factors and prognosis. Methods: Histologic sections from 106 colorectal adenocarcinomas and 17 adenomas, immunostained for factor VIII, were evaluated by image analysis for the quantification of MVD, total vascular area (TVA), and microvascular branching, as well as several morphometric parameters related to the vessel size (area, major axis length, minor axis length, perimeter, Feret diameter), shape (compactness, shape factor) or immunostaining intensity (proportion of intensely stained areas in relation to the total immunostained surface). Of the 123 cases investigated, 103 finally were evaluable in the statistical analysis, responding to the criteria of a high quality image depiction. Results: Carcinomas presented higher counts of microvessels compared to adenomas. MVD appeared to decrease with increasing Dukes stage. Carcinomas of lower Dukes stages (A and B) had a higher mean MVD than those of advanced stages (C and D). Although the difference did not reach statistical significance, well-differentiated neoplasms had lower MVD values than poorly differentiated ones. MVD was significantly correlated with the shape factor and compactness. All the morphometric parameters related to the size of microvessels had lower values in the group of adenomas. These parameters where significantly increased with progressing Dukes stage. Carcinomas with a higher histological differentiation had a significantly reduced TVA as compared to tumors with moderate or poor differentiation. Well-differentiated tumors had significantly lower values of shape factor and higher values of compactness in relation to poorly differentiated neoplasms. The vascular branching counts were significantly higher in carcinomas than in adenomas, and remained unaffected through progressing Dukes stages. Adenomas presented a more intense immunoreaction to FVIII as compared to carcinomas. Branching counts and TVA were the only factors of prognostic significance. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that neovascularization is an early critical event in colorectal tumorigenesis, reaching a maximum level early in the malignant process. Its prognostic significance is better assessed by quantification of TVA and the branching pattern of microvessels, whereas MVD does not provide significant prognostic information for colorectal carcinoma patients.

Analysis on Mode of Practical Teaching Link in Innovative Engineering Master Education

2011 ◽  
Vol 199-200 ◽  
pp. 1697-1703
Author(s):  
Xiao Wei Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Practical Problem ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
General Application ◽  
Cultivation Process ◽  
And Function ◽  
Programming Ability ◽  
Practical Teaching

In this paper, aiming at the practical problem that practice capability of our advanced engineering elite can’t satisfy company demand, the position and function of practical capability cultivation in the innovative engineering master cultivation process was emphasized, demanding that the engineering students should have organization ability, programming ability, general application ability and relearn ability, besides firm and abundant special basic knowledge, practical teaching link was proposed, main content of which were experiment, science research and scholarly activities, at the same time, to ensure that this practical link can be carried out, it was necessary to enlarge teachers team construction and build experiment flat.

Ophthalmology and vision science research

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2413-2419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N.J. McGhee ◽  
Amardeep K. Gilhotra
Keyword(s):  
Science Research ◽  
Vision Science

scholarly journals A review of the soil science research legacy of the triumvirate of cotton CRC

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Cattle ◽  
Damien J. Field
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Soil Science ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Cooperative Research ◽  
Environmental Implications

For nearly two decades (1994–2012) a series of three consecutive Cooperative Research Centres (CRC) dealing with cotton production provided the impetus and financial support for a substantial body of soil science research in eastern and northern Australia. Focusing on the most commonly utilised soil for irrigated crop production, the Vertosol, CRC-affiliated soil researchers undertook detailed soil inventories of cotton-growing valleys in New South Wales, and tackled a range of applied soil research questions that faced the entire Australian cotton industry. Across the broad categories of soil mapping and characterisation, soil physical condition, salinity and sodicity, soil chemical fertility, and soil carbon and biota, some 120 CRC-affiliated research papers were published in peer-reviewed journals during the years of the CRC. Findings from this body of research were fed back to the industry through conferences, extension workshops and materials, and to a lesser extent, the peer-reviewed publications. In certain cases, underpinning basic research was carried out concurrently with the more applied research, meaning that the cotton CRC were effectively supporting advances in the discipline of soil science, as well as in sustainable cotton production. A feature of the soil research portfolio over the span of the three cotton CRC was that priorities shifted according to the interplay of three factors; the natural maturation of research topics and the concomitant evolution of cotton farming systems, the rising importance of environmental implications of agricultural land use, and the emergence of carbon as a national research priority. Furthermore, the commitment of the CRC to education resulted in the involvement of undergraduate and postgraduate university students in all aspects of the soil research effort. A legacy of the triumvirate of cotton CRC is a wide-ranging body of both applied and basic knowledge regarding the physical, chemical and biological attributes of Australian Vertosols used for irrigated agriculture.

Dimensions of Proximal Femur - An Anatomical Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 2540-2542
Author(s):  
Gyanaranjan Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Prosthesis And Implants ◽  
Axis Length

The morphometry of proximal femur is necessary in planning surgeries of hip joint and preparation of prosthesis for hip replacement. The aim of the study was to measure various morphometric parameters of femoral head and neck. The study consisted of sixty adult dry human femora of both sexes (thirty left sided and thirty right sided). Various dimensions of femoral head and neck were measured by slide caliper. Diameter of femoral head was estimated to be 39.28±3.87mm along cranio-caudal axis and 41.18±4.14mm along sagittal axis. Diameter of femoral neck was established as 29.03±3.8mm along cranio-caudal axis and 24.36±3.13mm along sagittal axis. Length of femoral neck was measured to be 50.57±6.77mm. The findings of the study will be useful in manufacturing prosthesis and implants for hip replacement as well as other surgeries involving proximal femur.

Ophthalmology and vision science research

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 2205-2211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N.J. McGhee ◽  
Amardeep K. Gilhotra
Keyword(s):  
Science Research ◽  
Vision Science
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