The rapid development of wireless communication technology has caused the computing speed and performance of information terminals to increase exponentially. Artificial intelligence technology emerged in this context. As an efficient work system, artificial intelligence has been introduced into many areas of social life. Especially in the field of education, it has made outstanding contributions. At this stage, the conflict between Eastern and Western civilizations is intensifying. As the most active ideological group, college students have not yet formed a scientific understanding of the pros and cons of Eastern and Western civilizations, and it is easy for them to fall into confusion in this kind of ideological turmoil. This requires that the ideological and political education in our country’s colleges and universities effectively play a role, strengthen ideological guidance, and create a new system of practical teaching of college ideological and political theory courses under the background of wireless communication. Ideological and political education, as one of the courses with outstanding characteristics in our country’s university education courses, has a guiding role that cannot be ignored for university students. This paper uses a questionnaire survey method to conduct an online survey of 500 college students from 6 universities in Shanghai to obtain first-hand information on the current ideological and political practice courses of Chinese universities and then sort out the emergence of artificial intelligence-based decision support systems in China. The practical class encountered difficulties and explored strategies to alleviate this dilemma, hoping to provide a useful reference for the development of ideological and political teaching in China in the future.