scholarly journals Morphometric and histopathologic evaluation of the effects of cloprostenol and equine chorionic gonadotropin administration on the reproductive organs of female rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (03) ◽  
pp. 6195-2019
Author(s):  
HANDE GÜRLER ◽  
MÜRŞIDE AYŞE DEMIREL ◽  
EFE KARACA ◽  
DUYGU BAKI ACAR ◽  
AYTAÇ AKÇAY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to determine the short-, mid- and long-term effects of cloprostenol (a synthetic analogue of prostoglandin F2α, PG) and equine chorionic gonadotropin (E) administration on reproductive organs (uterine tissue and ovaries) in female rats. Three different groups, PG, E, and control (C), were created, as well as six subgroups of the PG and E groups. After the treatment procedure, reproductive organs were removed surgically 7, 14, and 21 days after the last injection. Morphometric and histopathological changes in tissues were evaluated. It was shown that PG and E had a moderate proliferative effect on epithelial cells and endometrial glands, especially in the mid-term. It was also observed that, regardless of the time of application, some pathological changes can result from hormone administration.

173 A COMBINED RECOMBINANT BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN/EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN PROTOCOL IN THE ZEBU BREED TABAPUA AND HOLSTEIN HEIFERS SUBMITTED TO OVUM PICKUP

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
J. C. de Souza ◽  
H. de Morais ◽  
R. Spuri ◽  
R. C. Andrade ◽  
T. L. C. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Recombinant Bovine Somatotropin ◽  
Oocyte Yield ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
And Control ◽  
Zebu Breed

The aim of this study was to enhance ovarian follicular development and subsequent oocyte retrieval by the use of a combined equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) protocol, as well as to compare its efficiency between the Brazilian zebu breed Tabapua (TAB) and Holstein (HOL) nulliparous heifers. In a changeover design, TAB (n = 16) and HOL (n = 12) were allocated to 1 of 2 protocols in 2 distinct periods. Two days before initiation of the protocols (D2), dominant follicles were ablated by transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration: Group 1: on day 0 (D0) a subcutaneous injection of 500 mg of rbST (Boostin®, Intervet, SP) and on D2 an intramuscular injection of 500 IU of eCG (Novormon®, Schering-Plough-Intervet, SP); and control: vehicle only. Two days later (D4), ovum pickup (OPU) was performed and the ovarian follicle population was evaluated by ultrasound. Twenty days after the first OPU session, heifers were switched over across treatments and were aspirated a second time, so that a total of 28 sessions were performed for each treatment. Main effects of period, breed, and protocol and their interactions on follicle numbers and oocyte yield were analysed through the GENMOD procedure of SAS (SAS®, Cary, NC, USA) using the Poisson distribution option. Means were compared by orthogonal contrasts, and the probability value set at 0.05 for significance unless otherwise specified. There was an interaction effect between hormonal stimulation and breed (P < 0.05) on the number of aspirated follicles (2 to 10 mm in diameter) such that they were higher in TAB treated (41.4 ± 2.6) compared with control (29.9 ± 2.6) heifers and did not differ between the HOL heifers (15.5 ± 2.6 v. 14.4 ± 2.6 in treated and control heifers, respectively). Overall, follicle numbers were higher (P < 0.0001) in TAB (35.6 ± 1.84) than in HOL (15.0 ± 2.1) heifers and in treated (28.4 ± 2.0) v. control (22.1 ± 2.0) heifers (P < 0.001). There was no effect (P = 0.77) of treatment on total viable oocytes (grades 1 to 3) between treated (3.5 ± 1.2) and control (3.9 ± 1.1) heifers. Tabapuã heifers had more (P < 0.05) viable oocytes than HOL (5.9 ± 0.9 v. 1.6 ± 1.4). In conclusion, the proposed protocol may improve OPU results but viable oocyte yield was not associated to the higher number of follicles available for aspiration. It may be necessary to modify this protocol to improve results perhaps by increasing the time window between rbST and eCG injections as well as by increasing the rbST dosage for heifers. The present protocol may be cost saving, compared with follicle stimulating hormone, for initial OPU sessions in the case of Tabapuã heifers because it is expected that responses decrease after a sequence of eCG injections. It is also interesting to notice that it is possible that HOL heifers already have higher endogenous growth hormone concentrations, which could help to explain the interactive effect observed in the ovarian response. Further studies are necessary to improve this protocol especially in HOL heifers. CNPQ, CAPES, Schering-Plough-Intervet.

The effects of prenatal morphine exposure on pain response

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 989-989
Author(s):  
M. Amini ◽  
A. Alijarahi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Pain Response ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Abuse During Pregnancy ◽  
And Control

BackgroundDrug abuse during pregnancy is a growing problem in all developed countries of the world. Maternal drug abuse affects the developing system and its long-term effects can persist till adulthood so it can decreases the rate of their maturation. Since endogenous opioid induced analgesia, and morphine can interact with it, Thus the present study was designed to determine whether the exposure to the morphine during gestation permanently alter pain response.ObjectiveTo determine the effects of prenatal morphine exposure on pain responseMaterials and methods12 Pregnant rats were divided to morphine and control groups.Morphine was administrated (S.C) to female rats twice a day (08 h and 20 h) on gestational days 11–18, (5 mg/kg morphine for 3 days and 10 mg/kg for 5 days). Analgesic response of pups (P90, n = 6) were tested by formaline test.FindingThe results of our experiment demonstrated that prenatal morphine exposure rats exhibited significantly lower pain thersholds.ConclusionPrenatal morphine exposure impair pain sensitivity

Blockage of gonadotropin-induced first ovulation caused by thyroidectomy and its possible mechanisms in rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 275 (3) ◽  
pp. E380-E385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Tamura ◽  
Minoru Hatsuta ◽  
Gen Watanabe ◽  
Kazuyoshi Taya ◽  
Hiroshi Kogo
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Lh Releasing Hormone ◽  
Significant Increment

To determine the role of the thyroid gland on the ovarian functions during the initiation process of puberty, we examined the effects and its mechanisms of hypothyroidism on the first ovulation induced by equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) in immature female rats. Animals were thyroidectomized on day 22 and were injected with 5 IU of eCG on day 26 to induce the first ovulation on day 29. The number of antral follicles that secrete inhibin and the ovarian weight were significantly increased in thyroidectomized rats (Tx rats) 48 h after eCG treatment compared with those in non-Tx rats. However, thyroidectomy (Tx) significantly suppressed the rates of ovulating animals on day 29. The blockage of ovulation in Tx rats was recovered by administration of human chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone (LHRH) on day 28. Inhibition of serum LH (not follicle-stimulating hormone) levels induced by Tx was almost restored to control levels by injection of LHRH. A significant increment in prolactin levels in Tx rats was also observed on day 28. The present data indicate that Tx before puberty in female rats causes the blockage of the first ovulation and that the inhibitory effects on ovulation are mainly due to the reduction in the preovulatory LH surge, which is partially mediated through an inhibition of LHRH action on the secretion of LH.

scholarly journals Inhibition by Indomethacin of the Already Accelerated Secretion of Inhibin and Estradiol in Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin-Primed Immature Female Rats.

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi KOGO ◽  
Kotaro TAKASAKI ◽  
Satoshi TAKEO ◽  
Gen WATANABE ◽  
Kazuyoshi TAYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

scholarly journals Choice of protocol for the in vivo bioassay of equine Chorionic Gonadotropin (eCG / PMSG) in immature female rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Combarnous ◽  
Julie Mariot ◽  
Lauriane Relav ◽  
Thi Mong Diep Nguyen ◽  
Danièle Klett
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
In Vivo Bioassay ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure During Breastfeeding on the Biochemical and Endocrine Profiles in Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (06) ◽  
pp. 491-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Santos-Silva ◽  
Egberto de Moura ◽  
Cintia Pinheiro ◽  
Elaine Oliveira ◽  
Patricia Lisboa
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Endocrine Profiles ◽  
And Control

AbstractNeonates can be exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) through placenta and milk, and BPA is associated with disorders such as precocious puberty and obesity. We evaluated the effects of BPA exposure during breastfeeding on the biochemical and endocrine profiles in young and adult rat progeny. From postnatal day (PND) 3 to 15 dams were divided into low-dose BPA treatment [50 μg/kg/day s.c. (BPA-LD)], high-dose BPA treatment [5 mg/kg/day s.c. (BPA-HD)], and Control (vehicle) groups. Milk was collected at PND15 and 21, which represents the end of exposure and 6 days after withdrawal, respectively. Dams were euthanized at weaning. Offspring of both genders were euthanized at PND15, 21, and 180. Milk estradiol levels were lower in the BPA-HD group than in the control group at PND 15; however, they were higher at PND21. Female rats whose mothers were BPA-exposed showed more significant differences from those in the control group, including better glycemic control and lipid profiles and higher food intake without higher adiposity, in adulthood than in the weaning period, when they presented with higher adiposity and hyperestrogenism. Conversely, male rats showed more abnormalities after BPA exposure compared to control rats, including insulin, leptin, testosterone, and thyroid hormone changes, when young but exhibited fewer alterations in adulthood, with increase only in LDLc in the BPA-HD rats. Taken together, the present findings suggest that exposure to BPA exclusively through milk affects adiposity, metabolism, and/or hormones of offspring in the short and long term, possibly compromising normal development in both sexes.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE ADMINISTRATION OF SERUM AND RECOMBINANT EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN ON OVARIAN DYNAMICS AND CONCEPTION RATE IN ANESTRUS PRIMIPAROUS BRANGUS COWS

SPERMOVA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Daniel Scandolo ◽  
◽  
Alejandra Cuatrin ◽  
Virginia Mazzuca ◽  
Mariano Finello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Ovulatory Follicle ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Follicular Size ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ovarian Dynamics

The objective was to determine the size of the dominant ovulatory follicle, the ovulation time and the conception rate of cows in anestrus treated with serum equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), recombinant chorionic gonadotropin and untreated controls. 57 anestrus primiparous Brangus cows were used with 70 ± 26 days of calving and a body condition of 2.50 ± 0.15. They were synchronized with a FTAI protocol based on estrogen and progesterone devices (DI). Upon removal of DI, 3 groups were made according to the type of eCG applied: serum eCG received 400 IU im of equine Chorionic Gonadotropin, recombinant eCG received 140 IU of recombinant Equine Chorionic Gonadotrophin and Control did without treatment. Follicular size and time of ovulation (normal or abnormal) was determined at DI removal, during FTAI and 7 days later. An ANOVA was performed to determine the effect of the treatment on ovarian dynamics and a chi-square test and correspondence analysis to establish associations. In normal ovulation cows at the FTAI, 94.4% of the serum eCG, 55.5% of the recombinant eCG and 71.4% of the Control cows presented a dominant ovulatory follicle (DOF), which in those treated with serum eCG, it was 1.4 mm greater in relation to the Control (P = 0.0073). The ovulation rate, in normal and abnormal ovulation cows, was 94.4% for serum eCG, and for recombinant eCG and 66.6% for Controls. A significant association was detected between ovulation time and the treated groups (P = 0.0042). Normal ovulation was 38.9% higher in cows with serum eCG in relation to those treated with recombinant eCG and 50.8% in comparison with Control. A significant relationship was observed between the conception rate and the groups treated with the different Gonadotropins (P = 0.0574), being 66.7% in serum eCG, 50% in recombinant eCG and 28.6% in the Control. The use of eCG, either serum or recombinant, in anestrus primiparous cows, stimulates the development of DOF at FTAI, increases ovulation rate and improves conception in relation to untreated cows.

PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE PINEAL GLAND IN ANDROGEN-STERILIZED FEMALE RATS

1970 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russel J. Reiter
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Light Deprivation ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Androgen Treatment ◽  
Postnatal Treatment ◽  
Cervical Ganglia

ABSTRACT The influence of early androgen treatment, light deprivation (by blinding), pinealectomy and superior cervical ganglionectomy on the reproductive system of female rats was tested. Early postnatal treatment of rats with testosterone propionate caused adult rats to exhibit the characteristic signs of androgen sterilization; these included polyfollicular ovaries, normal-sized uteri and persistent vaginal cornification. If early androgentreated rats also were blinded the ovaries were smaller in size and contained fewer follicles, the uteri were greatly reduced in size and the incidence of vaginal oestrus was decreased by approximately 50% If in addition to blinding, androgen-sterilized animals were subjected to either removal of the pineal gland or superior cervical ganglia, the reproductive organs and the vaginal smears were indistinguishable from those of testosterone-treated rats with eyes. These data indicate that the inhibitory influence of blinding on the pituitary-ovarian axis was mediated through the sympathetic nervous system and the pineal gland. The restraining influence of light deprivation on the growth of the reproductive organs was not permanent as illustrated by the fact that if these animals were kept to 120 days of age the ovaries and uteri grew to the same level as those of pinealectomized control rats.

Effect of Exposure to Mixture of Heavy Metals Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead on Reproductive Function and Oxidative Stress in Female Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Choudhuri D. ◽  
Bhattacharjee T.
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Oestrus Cycle ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Live Fetus

Background : Toxicological consequences arising from exposure to mixtures of heavy metals especially at low, chronic and environmentally relevant doses are poorly recognised. In the present study, we evaluated effects of chronic exposure to combinations of three metals arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) present frequently in drinking water on reproductive function and oxidative damage caused to reproductive organs of female rats. Method : Female rats were exposed to mixture of metals (As, Cdand Pb) for 90 consecutive days. The gain in body weight and weight of reproductive organs were recorded following autopsy on 91 stday. The oestrus cycle were monitored during entire treatment period. Numbers of corpora lutea, implantation sites, live fetus and survival of the fetus were evaluated in rats mated successfully with untreated male after completion of their respective treatment. Ovarian cholesterol, protein, ascorbic acid and enzyme Δ 5 -3β HSD levels were estimated. Serum levels of steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone were estimated. Histopathological picture of both ovary and uterus were assessed. Levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidise (GPX) activity, amount of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondyaldehyde (MDA) in blood, ovary and uterus were measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Results : The treated rats showed reduced body weight gain and reduction in the weight of ovary and uterus. Oestrus cycle was disrupted with continuous diestrous in treated animals. Number of corpora lutea, implantation sites and live fetus and the survival of fetus evaluate were reduced significantly in treated groups. The levels of ovarian cholesterol and ascorbic acid increased in treated rats with decrease Δ5 -3β HSD level. There was reduction in serum level of both the ovarian steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone. The protein levels did not differ between the groups. There was a significant increase in levels of MDA and decrease in levels of all the antioxidant enzymes in treated group. Conclusion : The results revealed there was disruption to reproductive functions with decrease in stereoidogenic activity and associated oxidative stress in female rats treated with combination of mixture of metals (Cd, As and Pb) at low dose for 90 consecutive days.

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