scholarly journals Fear Appeal as Coercion Versus Persuasion in a Democracy: The Power of Islamic Discourse in the Indonesian Public Sphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-278
Author(s):  
Peter Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Speech Events

While Indonesia claims to be the world’s third largest democracy, it recognizes itself as both a secular and religious state. The negotiation of the state-religion relationship influenced by Islamic discourse continues to shape the socio-political development of this largest Muslim nation. This paper describes how Indonesia’s discursive contention is molded by the power and popularity of Islamic discourses. It will present examples and analysis of appeal to fear as coercive discourses from recently published speech events, debates, edicts, regulations, and publications as well as examine the vital role of Islamic discourses in the Indonesian public sphere and democracy. This paper concludes that coercive religious discourses and some government policies not only marginalize the voices of minority and opposing groups, but also curtail participative critical debates that are necessary for a democratic Indonesia.

The Role of Entrepreneurship in Local Economic Growth: Example of Gaziantep

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Vahit Eren ◽  
Erdinç Tutar ◽  
Filiz Tutar ◽  
Çisil Erkan
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Financial Growth

In order to avoid social inequality of opportunity and improvement of local economies have become government policies in Turkey, as it is in other countries around the world. Incentives, regional development agencies, techno parks and also local entrepreneurs play crucial role in the improvement process of local economies. The increasing rivalry and globalization concept necessitate entrepreneurs to take more risks, to reach innovations to seize opportunities in optimum level. Entrepreneurship is a motor vessel in financial growth and in development, and entrepreneurship is also the source of innovation and creativity. In this regard, the more entrepreneurship develops in a country, the higher level of welfare possesses the chance to advance. The purpose of this report, in which it has been aimed to reveal vital role of entrepreneurship in the progress of local economies, is emphasizing the status of entrepreneurship that transformed Gaziantep’s socio-economic level of development into its present position. Thus with this aim a SWOT analysis, in terms of Gaziantep’s economic entrepreneurship has been carried out. Positive contributions of Gaziantep’s immensely developed industry, facilitation of local innovative entrepreneurs’ involvement in various local economic sectors and in accordance channeling immigration into deployment in local economy have been observed in this study. Significantly it has been observed that plenitude of “opportunist entrepreneurship” or in other words “the entrepreneurs with strategic growth plans” in this region contributed local economy positively.

scholarly journals Contested Numbers: Census Controversies and the Press in 1960s Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Gerardo Serra ◽  
Morten Jerven
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
The State ◽  
Population Census ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
Distribution Of Resources ◽  
The Public Sphere

Abstract This article reconstructs the controversies following the release of the figures from Nigeria's 1963 population census. As the basis for the allocation of seats in the federal parliament and for the distribution of resources, the census is a valuable entry point into postcolonial Nigeria's political culture. After presenting an overview of how the Africanist literature has conceptualized the politics of population counting, the article analyses the role of the press in constructing the meaning and implications of the 1963 count. In contrast with the literature's emphasis on identification, categorization, and enumeration, our focus is on how the census results informed a broader range of visual and textual narratives. It is argued that analysing the multiple ways in which demographic sources shape debates about trust, identity, and the state in the public sphere results in a richer understanding of the politics of counting people and narrows the gap between demographic and cultural history.

THE ROLE OF POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES IN THE MODERN CANADA. IS THEIR SIGNIFICANCE GROWING OR FALLING?

2020 ◽  
pp. 176-185
Author(s):  
Andrei N. Komarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article reveals an evolution of political ideologies in Canada in 1993–2019. Following the Russian and foreign historiography, as well as the election programs of Conservatives and Liberals, the author analyzes the influence of political ideologies on the voting of Canadian voters in parliamentary elections in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that Canada is still a country committed to political ideologies. He also considers as unacceptable the thesis about an absence of ideologies in Canada within the existing post-industrial society. The author believes that the model for political development of Canada, laid down in the second half of the 19th century by the founders of the state, is still effective at the present time. In a post-industrial society, Canada clearly follows national traditions based on previously developed political ideologies. That is what constitutes the foundation for the rule-of-law state and civil society in Canada. The author emphasizes that, despite the activities of other political movements, conservative and liberal ideologies represent the leading directions of the state development in Canada. Other political ideologies, like social democracy, are largely secondary and do not determine the present and future of the Canadian state.

4. The Nation-State

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-85
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Poggi
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
The State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Public ◽  
State And Society ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Legitimate Violence

This chapter examines how the nation-state came into being and how it became dominant as a political unit. It first presents a general and streamlined portrait of the state—a concept that sociologists inspired by Max Weber might call an ideal type. In particular, it considers some of the characteristics of a nation-state, including monopoly of legitimate violence, territoriality, sovereignty, plurality, and relation to the population. The chapter proceeds by discussing a more expansive concept of the nation-state, taking into account the role of law, centralized organization, the distinction between state and society, religion and the market, the public sphere, the burden of conflict, and citizenship and nation. The chapter also describes five paths in state formation and concludes with an assessment of three main phases which different European states have followed in somewhat varying sequences: consolidation of rule, rationalization of rule, and expansion of rule.

The State and Industrial Restructuring: Government Policies in Industrial Wales

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Morris
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Industrial Restructuring ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
New Policies ◽  
Steel Industries

This paper is an outline of recent industrial restructuring which has occurred in Wales and the role of the state through industrial policies in these changes, It is shown that, although the state has made strenuous efforts to attract investment—particularly from overseas—to Wales, it has operated its policies on nationalised industries on narrow profit-or-loss lines irrespective of regional dimensions. The contradiction between the two strands of policy is illustrated with a critical analysis of the treatment of the coal and steel industries and an appraisal of regional policies. New policies for the regions are then described.

The Color Line and the State

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
American Political Development ◽  
The State ◽  
First Century ◽  
Color Line ◽  
Minority Politics ◽  
Early American ◽  
Core Questions

This article examines the ways in which scholars of American political development (APD) have encountered the color line through their research, and the strides they have made in bringing race back into the field of political science in general and the study of the state in particular. Three core questions about race and APD are considered: How is race defined? When does race matter? In what direction does race matter? Two approaches relating to race and American politics are discussed: the race relations approach and the racial politics (or minority politics) approach. It then explores five challenges that must be addressed in order to overcome the persistent connections between APD and the discipline’s racial anomalism. It also analyzes the role of race in the establishment of the early American welfare state and concludes by reflecting on the persistence of racial inequality and prospects for APD in the twenty-first century.

On Categories and Configurations: Further Remarks on Rebuilding the American state

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira Katznelson ◽  
Bruce Pietrykowski
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
American Political Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
The New Deal ◽  
Past Half ◽  
American State

“Rebuilding the American State” was written in the manner of a bozzetto: it is a sketch drawn to reshape interlocking analytical and historiographical conversations and to suggest pathways joining the era of Roosevelt to the qualities and conundrums of postwar Democratic party liberalism. We underscored the key role of what might be called the long 1940s, stretching from the economic and political crisis faced by the New Deal in 1937–38 to the election in 1952 of the first Republican president since Hoover. We claimed that institutional and policy decisions taken across a number of domains in this period coherently recast the state and, in so doing, the contours and possibilities of American politics. We argued as well that old and new institutionalist approaches to state capacity have shared an unfortunate propensity to inventory organizational resources without regard to the normative and practical policy visions that define the content of what it is the state actually is meant to accomplish. In this light, simple dichotomous distinctions between weak and strong states appear as too blunt to sharply etch our understanding of the past half-century of American political development.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Contribution of Donkey and Mule Rearing in Haryana (India) – A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Ajmer Singh ◽  
Rajender Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
Yash Pal
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Economic Contribution ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Engine Power

Animal husbandry plays a vital role in growth of agrarian economy in Haryana and role of livestock is very important for livelihood in the state (Haryana). Equine (Equidae) is a major component of livestock having its four sub groups i.e. horse, pony, donkey and mule. Equine is integral part of animal husbandry as well as agriculture found worldwide and equine power is known equal to engine power. Donkey and mule are major parts of equine family and mainly reared for load carrying, cart pulling and are used as pack animals in Haryana. A great decline has been observed in donkey population during last few years in the state. As per census done by DADF (GOI) donkey population was 63000 in 1997, 8000 in 2003, 4838 in 2007, 2903 in 2012 and 800 in 2019 the state. Similarly decline was also observed in mule population and as per census done by DADF (GOI) mule population was 35000 in 1997, 14000 in 2003, 10600 in 2007, 9009 in 2012 and 2499 in 2019 in Haryana. Mechanization, ignorance of policy makers and social taboo are major factors responsible for decline of population of these animals in Haryana.

Violent Extremism and the Politics of Education in Pakistan

2022 ◽  
pp. 256-275
Author(s):  
Zahid Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
State Theory ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Politics Of Education ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
The One ◽  
Conducive Environment

Pakistan is depicted as a victim as well as a sponsor of terrorism. The reason behind this characterisation is that Pakistan, since its inception in 1947, has experienced multifaceted violence, ranging from ethnic insurgencies to sectarian violence. At the same time, it has been blamed for fomenting violence in its neighbours. On the one hand, there have been anti-terrorism laws in place since the late 1990s; on the other, there is an Islamised public sphere that provides fecund soil for violent extremists to thrive. The questions to be addressed here are: What kinds of anti-terrorism laws exist in Pakistan and how effective are they against terrorism? What is the role of the state-managed curriculum in providing a conducive environment for the growth of violent extremism? This research appeals to the “garrison state” theory, which explains how “the specialists on violence” control every aspect of the state, complemented by the concept of “fragmented hegemony,” which explains how the seemingly corrupt multiple sites of power help the state maintain its hegemony over society.

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