Economic Contributions of Visitor Spending in Ocean Recreation in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary

Understanding the economic value of marine sanctuaries such as the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS) is important to justify public and private investments and to provide information to support management activities and understand their role in the nation’s blue economy. Very few studies have employed economic contribution analysis in examining economic value, even though it is more useful in influencing the behaviors of decision makers. This study therefore employs such a methodology to determine the economic importance of tourism and visitor spending in the sanctuary to Monroe County, Florida’s economy. Visitors who came to the area for ocean recreation and tourism spent a total of USD 1.7 billion, which translates to a contribution of 19,688 total jobs, USD 752 million in total labor income, USD 1.2 billion in total value added, and USD 2 billion in total output to the region. With regard to the spending of snorkelers and divers only, total spending is about USD 1.07 billion, contributing about 12,441 total jobs, USD 466 million in total labor income, USD 767 million in total value added, and USD 1.2 billion in total output. Ocean recreation is therefore an important economic driver in the region and efforts should be directed at protecting the diverse and sensitive ecosystem of the sanctuary.

Internationalizing Local Tourism: Maros Rammang-Rammang Karst Region and the Standardization and Certification of Community Tourism Businesses in Indonesia

The Unhas KKN-PPM program aims to provide a comprehensive understanding to local communities, who live in the Rammang-Rammang Karst tourist attraction area in Salenrang Village, Maros Regency, about the importance of standardization and certification of tourism businesses so that the Rammang-Rammang Karst tourism object can be managed by the community. locally professionally. In addition, this program also aims to provide assistance to the local community to communicate their needs related to the procurement of more complete tourism facilities and infrastructure to the Regional Government of Maros Regency and the Regional Government of South Sulawesi Province. The mission to be achieved is that the community is expected to be able to actively participate in the development and promotion of tourism in the Rammang-Rammang Karst tourist attraction so that later it can make this destination an international tourism destination that brings in many foreign tourists. With this, the potential and economic contribution of the Rammang-Rammang Karst tourism object can be maximized for the welfare of local communities and increasing state income.

Muamalah Market Disruption in The Middle of Modern Markets in Islamic Economic Perspective

The Muamalah market and the use of dinars and dirhams in the community are not merely tools for buying and selling activities. However, it contains a noble goal, namely, to provide benefits to humans, especially in buying and selling activities. The phenomenon of the muamalah market seems to be the answer to concerns about the existence and monopoly activities of conventional markets (eg malls and supermarkets). The results of this study (qualitative) reveal: first, the muamalah market has been disrupted due to the inability to compete with the conventional market presence and the delay in responding to the conventional market presence, especially from the aspect of using technology. Second, the muamalah market does not yet have a fixed place. Third, the use of dinars and dirhams during their implementation does not yet have legality in their use. Fourth, the government still has not looked at the muamalah market to make an economic contribution to the country. The implication of this research is the urgency of the presence of the muamalah market and the use of dinars and dirhams. The use of technology will provide muamalah market opportunities and the use of dinars and dirhams so that they can be useful for the community. So that this can be the answer to economic problems in the community and even for the country.

Related rights: conceptual approaches, definition and key features

The development of technologies contributes to the emergence of new intangible objects that have potential value and are aimed at spreading the results of creativity and information. In this regard, the society is interested in encouraging the activities of entities that create such objects. One of the options for the protection of such objects is to grant the related rights. Considering the technological changes in society associated with the use of information and telecommunication networks and artificial intelligence, the issues of granting related rights to new entities gain relevance. In order to identify the possibility of expanding the institution of related rights and determine the directions of such expansion, the article analyzes the main approaches to the formation of the institute of related rights, their characteristics, and attempts to deliver a working definition of the concept of related rights. On the basis of a comparative analysis, the author considers Russian and foreign legislative acts in the field of intellectual property, international treaties on copyright and related rights, as well as legal literature. The most supported idea of the formation of the institute of related rights is the functional purpose of the activities of subjects of related rights, acting as intermediaries between authors and representatives of the public. However, the institute itself is evolving and recognition of related rights for new subjects depends not only on the functional purpose of the activity, but also on their organizational and/or economic contribution aimed at processing and disseminating works and information. It can be assumed that the institute of related rights will continue to expand with the development of technologies and the public demand for new services provided by new technologies.

Ngā Ohaoha a Te Matatini Measuring the Kapa Haka Economy

<p>While this thesis largely examines the economic contribution of Kapa Haka, it also sets out a framework to inform future research to ensure that the inequalities of today will not be visited upon the mokopuna of tomorrow. Māori aspirations for a better future are inextricably linked to wellbeing and identity. This research builds on previous reports commissioned by Te Matatini Kapa Haka Aotearoa (Te Matatini) that provide qualitative research on the subject matter. It largely draws on new quantitative data and focusses on Te Matatini as a case study by investigating the nature and extent of funding disparities in its current funding compared with other national performing arts organisations. The research addresses two main research questions: whether funding currently allocated to Te Matatini under the Vote Arts, Culture and Heritage appropriation is equitable considering its biennial economic contribution and service performance record. Secondly, how can tikanga Māori inform a framework able to measure the broader wellbeing impacts of Kapa Haka and the social return on investment achieved by Te Matatini’s programme of regional and national Kapa Haka events. To assess whether government is realising the best value for money from its investment into the arts, culture and heritage sector, the thesis calls for greater transparency and consistency in the level of funding currently received by Māori agencies and initiatives across the sector. It concludes with a recommendation that the Executive Government should seek to undertake a review of the sector ecosystem to develop fit-for-purpose and targeted policy settings that ‘insure’ Māori arts are better valued and supported. The research argues that a central element of any future national arts strategy should provide for greater equity for Māori across the sector along with pathways to grow Māori arts, culture and heritage as a central pillar of Māori development and national wellbeing. Its key recommendation is that the Government should seek to increase its investment into Māori arts agencies and practitioners by establishing a new appropriation focused on growing the Māori cultural and creative sector.</p>

Ngā Ohaoha a Te Matatini Measuring the Kapa Haka Economy

<p>While this thesis largely examines the economic contribution of Kapa Haka, it also sets out a framework to inform future research to ensure that the inequalities of today will not be visited upon the mokopuna of tomorrow. Māori aspirations for a better future are inextricably linked to wellbeing and identity. This research builds on previous reports commissioned by Te Matatini Kapa Haka Aotearoa (Te Matatini) that provide qualitative research on the subject matter. It largely draws on new quantitative data and focusses on Te Matatini as a case study by investigating the nature and extent of funding disparities in its current funding compared with other national performing arts organisations. The research addresses two main research questions: whether funding currently allocated to Te Matatini under the Vote Arts, Culture and Heritage appropriation is equitable considering its biennial economic contribution and service performance record. Secondly, how can tikanga Māori inform a framework able to measure the broader wellbeing impacts of Kapa Haka and the social return on investment achieved by Te Matatini’s programme of regional and national Kapa Haka events. To assess whether government is realising the best value for money from its investment into the arts, culture and heritage sector, the thesis calls for greater transparency and consistency in the level of funding currently received by Māori agencies and initiatives across the sector. It concludes with a recommendation that the Executive Government should seek to undertake a review of the sector ecosystem to develop fit-for-purpose and targeted policy settings that ‘insure’ Māori arts are better valued and supported. The research argues that a central element of any future national arts strategy should provide for greater equity for Māori across the sector along with pathways to grow Māori arts, culture and heritage as a central pillar of Māori development and national wellbeing. Its key recommendation is that the Government should seek to increase its investment into Māori arts agencies and practitioners by establishing a new appropriation focused on growing the Māori cultural and creative sector.</p>

Transition Of Women's Economic Activity to Contribute to Family Income as An Effect Of COVID-19

The family economy of women underwent a transit, which generated the closure of companies; the above-mentioned had an impact on the conversion of economic activities that women carried out in their localities to contribute to the family income. Therefore, the objective of this document is to analyze the women’s transition and economic contribution to family income throughout the Covid-19 pandemic for the establishment of economic activities that support the family economy. The results indicate that women who engaged in tourism activities, the major source of revenue for the town, went to businesses that were seeing a boom due to the use of social media or online sales; in addition, it was possible to identify the strong impact of the woman's role in the family economy, contributing with more than 50% of the income. The foregoing will allow the generation of action proposals aimed at women to strengthen the virtual commercial scenario used in the pandemic for the constant and growing circulation of businesses, as well as the sale of their products and services.

Spearing into the future: a global review of marine recreational spearfishing

Spearfishing is practiced by a small fraction of younger recreational fishers and has received considerably less scientific attention than angling. This knowledge gap may negatively affect the ability for developing sustainable marine recreational fisheries. We address this through a global systematic review of the literature pertaining to marine spearfishing (both recreational and otherwise) and providing an integrative overview of key research topics of ecological, social, and economic dimensions. The systematic review indicated an increasing number of papers related to marine recreational spearfishing, with the majority exclusively focused on ecological impacts of spearfishing. The integrative review identifies the most relevant ecological impacts and possible strategies to minimize them to develop sustainable marine recreational spearfishing. Marine recreational spearfishing fosters connection with the underwater environment, but more research on the social aspects is needed. Results also show a growing research interest in assessing the economic contribution of marine recreational spearfishing. Finally, we argue that recreational spearfishers represent a widespread network of underwater observers whose extensive knowledge may help to identify and track changes in marine ecosystems. Overall, we highlight key points to consider when conducting multi- and interdisciplinary research regarding marine recreational spearfishing.