Relation between Serum level of calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D and early childhood caries.

Introduction. Odontogenesis of deciduous teeth is dependent on the intrauterine environment and shaped, among other things, by prenatal maternal nutrition. Proper deve-lopment of deciduous dentition, formation and mineralisation of the enamel and dentin determines the susceptibility to cariogenic factors. The current knowledge of the effects of prenatal nutrition and supplementation on the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) is unclear. Aim. An evaluation of the relationship between maternal nutrition in pregnancy and the risk of early childhood caries (ECC). Material and methods. A systematic review of literature on the association between prenatal maternal nutrition and early childhood caries was performed based on both electronic and manual search through medical databases, i.e. PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE, which allowed to identify 6 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I questionnaire and a quality assessment of original papers was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results. All analysed works were at a risk of bias associated with confounders affecting the intervention and interpretation of results. Four works were considered to be of good quality (NOS > 6) and two other of medium quality. Conclusions. An increased maternal intake of vitamin D, calcium, dairy products, yoghurts and cheeses in pregnancy is an important factor reducing the risk of dental caries in their children. The risk of ECC is increased in the case of vitamin D deficiency, low intake of calcium and a diet high in fatty acids and carbohydrates.

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Comparison of Vitamin D Level of Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries and Children with No Caries

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1511 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 199-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Anchal Chhonkar ◽

Vishal Arya

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽

Childhood Caries

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Impact of Cord Blood Vitamin D Level on Early Childhood Caries in Infancy: A Pilot Study

Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal ◽

10.5812/ircmj.55625 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sila Korun ◽

Nerin Nadir Bahceciler ◽

Mustafa Murat Uncu ◽

Nilufer Galip ◽

Ceyhun Dalkan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Childhood Caries

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Association of Maternal Vitamin D Deficiency with Early Childhood Caries

Journal of Dental Research ◽

10.1177/0022034519834518 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 549-555 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. Singleton ◽

G. Day ◽

T. Thomas ◽

R. Schroth ◽

J. Klejka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Cord Blood ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Small Sample ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prenatal Visits ◽

Childhood Caries

Alaska Native (AN) children experience one of the highest reported rates of severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Serum vitamin D concentrations in AN childbearing women in the Yukon Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) region have decreased since the 1960s to currently low levels, related to a decrease in traditional marine diet. Recent studies suggest an association between prenatal vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations in mothers and S-ECC in their infants. We used independent t tests to analyze the influence of prenatal 25(OH)D levels in YKD AN mothers on S-ECC in their children using data collected in the Maternal Organics Monitoring Study (MOMS). Maternal 25(OH)D levels were assessed at prenatal visits and in cord blood. We queried electronic dental records to assess early childhood caries (ECC) status using highest decayed, missing, filled, primary teeth (dmft) scores at 12 to 59 mo of age. We examined prenatal and cord blood for 76 and 57 mother/infant pairs, respectively. Children 12 to 35 mo of age with “deficient” cord blood (25(OH)D <30 nmol/L) had a mean dmft score twice as high as children who were “nondeficient” at birth (9.3 vs. 4.7; P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in mean dmft scores for children aged 36 to 59 mo with deficient versus nondeficient cord blood 25(OH)D (10.9 vs. 8.7 P = 0.14). There was no significant difference in mean dmft scores for children aged 12 to 35 mo whose mothers had “sufficient” versus “insufficient” 25(OH)D during prenatal visits (9.0 vs. 7.4; P = 0.48). In this small sample, children with deficient vitamin D levels in cord blood had a dmft score at 12 to 35 mo 2-fold higher than children with nondeficient cord blood. Maternal 25(OH)D may influence the primary dentition, and improving vitamin D status in pregnant women might affect ECC rates in their infants.

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Prenatal Vitamin D Deficiency and Early Childhood Caries

AAP Grand Rounds ◽

10.1542/gr.32-5-57 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (5) ◽

pp. 57-57

Author(s):

R. L. Slayton

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Childhood Caries

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The Relationship Between Vitamin D and Severe Early Childhood Caries: A Pilot Study

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000094 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 53-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

J. Schroth ◽

S. Jeal ◽

Kliewer ◽

A. C. Sellers

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Age Difference ◽

Dental Surgery ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Chi Square Analysis ◽

Severe Early Childhood Caries ◽

Childhood Caries

Introduction: Children with Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC) routinely require dental surgery. S-ECC is known to affect childhood health and well-being. The objective of this pilot study was to assess vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and determine whether differences exist between children with and without S-ECC. Methods: During July-September 2008, children undergoing surgery for S-ECC < 72 months of age from southern Manitoba were recruited. Age-matched controls were caries-free. Parents completed an interviewed questionnaire. A serum sample was obtained for 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. This study was approved by the University of Manitobas Ethics Board. Statistics included chi-square analysis, t-tests, and multiple and logistic regression. A p value of <= 0.05 was significant. Results: Thirty-eight children participated (50 % with S-ECC). There was no significant age difference between groups (p = 0.82). The majority of the entire sample (84.2 %) had inadequate vitamin D levels. Children with S-ECC had lower concentrations of 25(OH)D (52.9 ± 15.1 nmol/L vs. 64.4 ± 21.3, p = 0.032) and were at twice the odds of having inadequate levels (<75 nmol/L). Children with S-ECC also had significantly higher PTH levels than caries-free children (53.5 ± 17.6 cm/L vs. 33.9 ± 12.9, p < 0.001). A greater number with S-ECC had elevated PTH levels (68.4 % vs. 21.1 %, p < 0.01). Conclusions: This pilot study is the first to report differences in 25(OH)D between those with S-ECC and cavity-free controls. Children with S-ECC have lower vitamin D levels and increased PTH levels compared to age-matched controls.

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