THE SOCIAL AND PHYSICAL VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH REFUSING AUTHORITY AND DISOBEDIENCE A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MALES AND FEMALES IN SOME FORMAL LANGUAGES SCHOOLS

For anyone on the green side of fifty who didn't start historical browsing in the playpen it may be quite hard to see the present appeal of statistical theory and method in perspective. To one lucky enough to have been a student abroad in the 1920's, it is merely one of the consequences of a fundamental shift, which was firming in that decade, in conceptions of the economic historian's job. Essentially the shift consisted in making the economy and the social institutions in which it is embedded analytically distinct. Voices from the Polanyite school still claim that this step was as wrong as Adam's eating of the apple. Milder critics complain only that some of us let economic analysis run away with the ball to the neglect of social analysis and of the interplay between the two. For workers on the recent past this is defensible, because the heavy fall-out of purely economic data clamors to be dealt with in its own terms. The preindustrialist, who has to dig harder for data, and seldom turns up such pure economic ore, is more inclined to think in terms of interplay.

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Dispersal patterns in a regional koala population in south-east Queensland

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr02043 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 281 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

David S. Dique ◽

Jim Thompson ◽

Harriet J. Preece ◽

Deidré L. de Villiers ◽

Frank N. Carrick

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Home Ranges ◽

Adult Males ◽

Dispersal Patterns ◽

Young Males ◽

Straight Line ◽

The Social ◽

Straight Line Distance ◽

Males And Females ◽

Natal Home

Koala dispersal was investigated as part of a detailed ecological study of a nationally significant koala population located 20 km south-east of Brisbane, Queensland. From 1996 to 2000, 195 koalas from three sites were captured and fitted with radio-collars. A total of 40 koalas (23 males and 17 females) dispersed from these sites. Most (93%) dispersing individuals were 20–36 months of age. Three adult females (more than 36 months old) dispersed and no adult males dispersed during the study. A significantly higher proportion of young males dispersed than females. Dispersal occurred between June and December, with most dispersal of males commencing in July and August and that of females commencing between September and November prior to, and early in, the annual breeding season. The mean straight-line distance between the natal and breeding home ranges for males and females was similar and was measured at 3.5 km (range 1.1–9.7 km) and 3.4 km (range 0.3–10.6 km) respectively. Dispersing males and females tended to successfully disperse south and west of their natal home ranges and were generally unable to successfully disperse to urban areas within the study area, as a high proportion of the mortality of dispersing koalas was associated with attacks by domestic dogs and with collisions with vehicles on roads. Information from other studies indicates that most young koalas disperse from their natal areas. It is likely that the social behaviour and mating systems of koala populations provide mechanisms for young koalas to disperse. The potential role of dispersal in the dynamics of regional koala populations is discussed.

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Social experience influences preferences in black ducks and mallards

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z89-203 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (6) ◽

pp. 1434-1438 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lynn M. Brodsky ◽

C. Davison Ankney ◽

Darrell G. Dennis

Keyword(s):

Social Preferences ◽

Anas Platyrhynchos ◽

Social Experience ◽

The Other ◽

Captive Population ◽

Male And Female ◽

Potential Mate ◽

The Social ◽

Opposite Sex ◽

Males And Females

The influence of social experience on the preferences for a potential mate in a captive population of black ducks, Anas rubripes, and mallards, Anas platyrhynchos, was examined. Birds were reared from hatching with conspecifics (i.e., female black ducks with male black ducks, female mallards with male mallards), or were cross-fostered with the other species (i.e., female black ducks with male mallards, female mallards with male black ducks). Preferences of individuals were tested in a chamber containing caged black ducks and mallards of the opposite sex. In over 90% (100/109) of the trials, males and females preferred the species that they were raised with since hatching, whether they were of the same species or not. These results demonstrate that social experience influences the social preferences of male and female black ducks and mallards.

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