Assessment of Land Suitability Index for the Wheat Crop Production by Using Sys’s Method and ALES Program

Suitable land is an important prerequisite for crop cultivation and, given the prospect of climate change, it is essential to assess such suitability to minimize crop production risks and to ensure food security. Although a variety of methods to assess the suitability are available, a comprehensive, objective, and large-scale screening of environmental variables that influence the results—and therefore their accuracy—of these methods has rarely been explored. An approach to the selection of such variables is proposed and the criteria established for large-scale assessment of land, based on big data, for its suitability to maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation as a case study. The predicted suitability matched the past distribution of maize with an overall accuracy of 79% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.72. The land suitability for maize is likely to decrease markedly at low latitudes and even at mid latitudes. The total area suitable for maize globally and in most major maize-producing countries will decrease, the decrease being particularly steep in those regions optimally suited for maize at present. Compared with earlier research, the method proposed in the present paper is simple yet objective, comprehensive, and reliable for large-scale assessment. The findings of the study highlight the necessity of adopting relevant strategies to cope with the adverse impacts of climate change.

Download Full-text

Nitrogen fertility in semiarid dryland wheat production is challenging for beginning organic farmers

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170512000324 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 42-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Drew J. Lyon ◽

Gary W. Hergert

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Great Plains ◽

Green Manure ◽

Crop Production ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Farming Systems ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

N Fertility ◽

Summer Fallow

AbstractOrganic farming systems use green and animal manures to supply nitrogen (N) to their fields for crop production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of green manure and composted cattle manure on the subsequent winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) crop in a semiarid environment. Dry pea (Pisum sativumL.) was seeded in early April and terminated at first flower in late June. Composted cattle manure was applied at 0, 11.2 or 22.5 Mg ha−1just prior to pea termination. Winter wheat was planted in mid September following the green manure or tilled summer fallow. No positive wheat response to green manure or composted cattle manure was observed in any of the 3 years of the study. In 2 of the 3 years, wheat yields and grain test weight were reduced following green manure. Green manure reduced grain yields compared with summer fallow by 220 and 1190 kg ha−1in 2009 and 2010, respectively. This may partially be explained by 40 and 47 mm less soil water at wheat planting following peas compared with tilled summer fallow in 2008 and 2009, respectively. Also, in 2008 and 2009, soil nitrate level averaged 45 kg ha−1higher for black fallow compared with green manure fallow when no compost was added. Organic growers in the semiarid Central Great Plains will be challenged to supply N fertility to their winter wheat crop in a rapid and consistent manner as a result of the inherently variable precipitation. Growers may need to allow several years to pass before seeing the benefits of fertility practices in their winter wheat cropping systems.

Download Full-text

A Review of Herbicide Resistance in Iran

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-d-15-00139.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (4) ◽

pp. 551-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Javid Gherekhloo ◽

Mostafa Oveisi ◽

Eskandar Zand ◽

Rafael De Prado

Keyword(s):

Herbicide Resistance ◽

Crop Production ◽

Arable Land ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Weed Species ◽

Wild Mustard ◽

Development Of Resistance ◽

Resistance To Herbicides ◽

Continuous Use

Continuous use of herbicides has triggered a phenomenon called herbicide resistance. Nowadays, herbicide resistance is a worldwide problem that threatens sustainable agriculture. A study of over a decade on herbicides in Iran has revealed that herbicide resistance has been occurring since 2004 in some weed species. Almost all the results of these studies have been published in national scientific journals and in conference proceedings on the subject. In the current review, studies on herbicide resistance in Iran were included to provide a perspective of developing weed resistance to herbicides for international scientists. More than 70% of arable land in Iran is given over to cultivation of wheat, barley, and rice; wheat alone covers nearly 52%. Within the past 40 years, 108 herbicides from different groups of modes of action have been registered in Iran, of which 28 are for the selective control of weeds in wheat and barley. Major resistance to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides has been shown in some weed species, such as winter wild oat, wild oat, littleseed canarygrass, hood canarygrass, and rigid ryegrass. With respect to the broad area of wheat crop production and continuous use of herbicides with the sole mechanism of action of ACCase inhibition, the provinces of West Azerbaijan, Tehran, Khorasan, Isfahan, Markazi, and Semnan are at risk of resistance development. In addition, because of continuous long-term use of tribenuron-methyl, resistance in broadleaf species is also being developed. Evidence has recently shown resistance of turnipweed and wild mustard populations to this herbicide. Stable monitoring of fields in doubtful areas and providing good education and training for technicians and farmers to practice integrated methods would help to prevent or delay the development of resistance to herbicides.

Download Full-text

Wheat yield prediction in relation to climatic parameters using statistical model for Ludhiana district of central Punjab

Journal of Agrometeorology ◽

10.54386/jam.v23i1.97 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 122-126

Author(s):

MAHESH CHAND SINGH ◽

VAJINDER PAL ◽

SOM PAL SINGH ◽

SANJAY SATPUTE

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Production Management ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Climatic Data ◽

Strong Positive Correlation ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Production Management System ◽

Main Determinants

Climate change which is one of the main determinants of agricultural production has started affecting the crop growth pattern and yield from past couple of decades in various agro-climatic zones globally. Under such scenario, the prior forecasting of yield of field crops such as wheat via modeling techniques can help in simplifying the crop production management system starting from farmer’s level to policy makers. The present study was thus undertaken to model the wheat yield of Ludhiana district of Indian Punjab through regression analysis of historical data (1993-2017) of wheat yield and climatic conditions in the area. The developed model was successfully validated with a strong positive correlation (R2=0.81) between predicted and observed data. Both observed and predicted yields were having similar trend with a minimum and maximum absolute differential error of 0.1 and 13.9% respectively. The developed model may serve as a powerful tool for predicting the future yield of wheat crop with available futuristic climatic data of the study area.

Download Full-text

Allelopathic Effect of Some Associated Weeds of Wheat on Germinability and Biomass Production of Wheat Seedlings

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582017350100089 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. ZOHAIB ◽

T. TABASSUM ◽

S.A. ANJUM ◽

T. ABBAS ◽

U. NAZIR

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Crop Production ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Allelopathic Effect ◽

Wheat Seedlings ◽

Water Extracts ◽

Shoot Ratio ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

Dry Biomass

ABSTRACT: Weeds associated with crops may impose their phytotoxic effects on crop plants through the release of their allelochemicals and hence seriously reduce crop productivity. The present study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic effect of water soluble phenolics of weeds associated with wheat crop (Vicia sativa, Trigonella polycerata, Lathyrus aphaca, Medicago polymorpha, Melilotus indica) on germinability and biomass production of wheat seedlings by using their water extracts at 2.5% (w/v) and 5% (w/v) concentrations and residues of the same weeds with 0, 15 and 30 d decomposition periods at 2% (w/w) concentration. The results showed that the water extracts of M. indica and V. sativa at 5% concentration imposed the most inhibitory effect on energy of germination (81%) and prolonged time to 50% germination (226%), respectively; by contrast, T. polycerata and M. indica extracts at the same concentration inhibited shoot (8%) and root fresh biomass (64%). However, shoot dry biomass was exalted by the weed extracts at both concentrations with maximum increase (29%) caused by the M.indica extract at 2.5% concentration; however, root dry biomass (46%) and root/shoot ratio (51%) were decreased by M. polymorpha and M. indica extracts at 5% concentration, respectively. Residues of L. aphaca and M. polymorpha with a 30 d decomposition period proved the most toxic regarding energy of emergence (85%) and time to 50% emergence (138%), respectively; while, shoot fresh (41%) and dry biomass (26%) production were hindered mostly by M. indica and M. polymorpha residues with a 30 d decomposition period. There was the highest decrease in root fresh (64%) and dry biomass (64%), and root/shoot ratio (64%) when treatment was performed with V. sativa residues without decomposition. The results show that leachates and residues of weeds inhibit wheat germinability and biomass production through release of allelochemicals, and they are a threat to profitable crop production.

Download Full-text

Productivity and Profitability of Four Crop Rotations under Limited Irrigation

Applied Engineering in Agriculture ◽

10.13031/aea.13416 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Alan J Schlegel ◽

Yared Assefa ◽

Daniel O’Brien

Keyword(s):

Crop Rotation ◽

Water Use ◽

Crop Production ◽

Production Systems ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Grain Sorghum ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Supplementary Irrigation ◽

Corn Grain

Abstract. Selection of optimal crops and cropping systems for most efficient water use specific for local environments can improve global water security. Limited irrigation with ground water is one alternative to alleviate crops from low amount or unevenly distributed water in the growing seasons in semi-arid regions. The main objectives of this research were to quantify yield-water use relationships of three limited irrigated crops, determine effect of crop selection on profitability with limited irrigation, and identify profitable and alternative crop production systems. A field study was conducted at the Kansas State University Southwest Research-Extension Center near Tribune, Kansas, from 2012 through 2017. There were four treatments in the study, two 1-yr systems of continuous corn ( L.) (C-C) and continuous grain sorghum (L.) (GS-GS) and two 2-yr rotations of corn-grain sorghum (C-GS) and corn-winter wheat ( L.) (C-W). Overall corn yield after wheat (C-W) was about 1.4 Mg (ha)-1 greater than C-C. Corn and sorghum yields were similar grown as monoculture or in rotation with each other. Available soil water at corn planting and during the growing season were 20 to 40 mm (240 cm profile-1) less in the C-GS rotation compared with C-C and C-W rotations. Corn yield increased as water use (yield-water use) increased in C-W rotation but yield-water use relationships tended to be negative in C-C and C-GS rotations. Grain sorghum yield increased with water use in both rotations but at a greater rate in GS-GS compared with C-GS. Despite greater corn grain yield in C-W, our economic analysis showed that wheat was the least profitable of the three crops causing the C-W rotation to be least profitable. In this study, the most profitable limited irrigation crop rotation was corn-grain sorghum (C-GS). Keywords: Corn-sorghum-wheat, Crop rotation, Limited irrigation, Profitability, Supplementary irrigation, Sustainability.

Download Full-text

Agronomic and Environmental Aspects of Conservation Agriculture on Wheat Crop Production

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v7i2.24637 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 161-166

Author(s):

A. Bista ◽

T.N. Joshi ◽

K. Biswokarma ◽

S. Yadav

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Hollow Heart ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Potato Tubers ◽

Tuber Production ◽

Potassium Application

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the major vegetable crops of Nepal. Potato is grown all over the globe and consumed as either vegetable or staple food depending upon the crop production scenario. It is also an integral part of human diet. Potato is a high nutrient mining crop and needs higher fertilization for economic tuber production. Despite sufficient application of Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P2O5), low replenishment and widespread potassium deficiency are limiting the potato production in Nepalese condition. Growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area and chlorophyll% was positively correlated with potassium application. Potassium alleviated stresses of frost and drought and reduced incidence of diseases like late blight, black scurf and hollow heart. Potassium also decreased the reducing sugar content and improved chips color and quality. Similarly, potassium application before harvest was found to increase storage life of potato tubers. Furthermore, potassium application significantly increased the yield of potato tubers and quality parameters such as Vitamin C content and specific gravity. Source of potassium and method of potassium application also affected growth, yield and quality parameters. Soil application of potassium in splits coupled with foliar spay was found to perform better. Optimum dose of potassium was recommended for economic tuber production Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 7(2): 161-166

Download Full-text

Applied Geo-Eye Imagery and GIS for Estimating Crop Production Based On Land Suitability in Karangasem Regency, Bali

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/165/1/012025 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 165 ◽

pp. 012025

Author(s):

H A Setyowati ◽

S H Murti ◽

R Nurani ◽

E Susanti ◽

S Puspitasari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Land Suitability ◽

Eye Imagery

Download Full-text

Land suitability assessment for improved land use planning in selected watersheds of Haryana

Journal of Environmental Biology ◽

10.22438/jeb/42/2/mrn-1402 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 285-294

Author(s):

J. Sahoo ◽

◽

mr. Dinesh ◽

A. Dass ◽

M.A. Bhat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Arid Region ◽

Crop Production ◽

Land Suitability ◽

Available N ◽

Suitability Assessment ◽

Land Suitability Assessment ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Semi Arid

Aim: The current study aimed to evaluate the capacity and suitability of land for semi-arid region of Haryana in selected watersheds to identify the major limitations of crop production. Methodology: The study was carried out in Bhiwani district of Haryana in 2017 where eight typical pedons (P) representing four micro-watersheds viz., Motipura (P1 and P2), Sainiwas (P3 and P4), Jhumpa (P5 and P6), Budhsheli (P7 and P8) were studied. Results: The studied pedons were neutral to alkaline in reaction (pH 6.87-9.10), non-saline (EC 0.02-0.21 dS m-1) and low in organic carbon (OC) (0.06-0.27%). Available N, P, K and S were low (42.00-189.00 kg ha-1), low to medium (4.20-17.10 kg ha-1), low to high (62.20-326.50 kg ha-1) and low (0.40-19.20 mg kg-1) in the studied pedons, respectively. Soils were deficient in available Fe and Zn but marginal to sufficient in available Mn and Cu. Interpretation: Soils were classified as IIsf and IIItsf and S3s and N1s according to LCC and irrigation suitability, respectively. The pedons were found suitable (S1) to moderately suitable (S2) for guar (cluster bean), oilseeds (mustard), moderately suitable (S2) to marginally suitable (S3) for pearl millet, gram and forestry, and marginally suitable (S3) for cotton and wheat. Key words: Land suitability, Nutrients, Pedon, Semiarid, Watershed

Download Full-text

Energy Assessment of Rice- Wheat Cropping Systems in Agro-Climatic Zone-1 of Haryana State

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2021/v43i230647 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

Parmod Sharma ◽

. Yadvika ◽

Kanishk Verma ◽

Y. K. Yadav ◽

. Ravi

Keyword(s):

Energy Expenditure ◽

Total Energy ◽

Crop Production ◽

Energy Use ◽

Cultural Practices ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Rice Crop ◽

Climatic Zone ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Crop Cultivation

The aim of study to examined the operation-wise and source wise energy use in wheat and rice crop production. Present study was conducted in four districts of Haryana namely Kurukshetra, Karnal, Kaithal and Sonipat, which are situated at the bank of Yamuna canal and comes under agro climatic zone-1. In this study total 1080 farmers from 120 villages in different categories (360 from each group) were interviewed and information on various input in wheat and rice crop production was collected during winter and rainy seasons consecutive two years i.e. 2018-19 and 2019-20. Based on the collected information, all the cultural practices in wheat and rice crop production were identified and converted into energy by using standard energy equivalents. Results showed that total operation-wise energy expenditure by large, medium and small farmer's was 43693.82, 42557.21 and 41915.70 MJ/ha respectively in rice crop production. In case of wheat crop cultivation total operation-wise energy consumed by large, medium and small farmer's was 26472.74, 26576.39 and 25644.18 MJ/ha respectively. In both the crop production irrigation and fertilizer share more than 75 % of the total energy. Fertilizer alone accounted approximately 40 % 0f total energy followed by irrigation and it was also estimated that large group farmer's consumed more energy as compared to medium and small categories farmers in cultivation of rice and wheat crop. Total source-wise energy expenditure by large, medium and small farmer's was 39402.40, 36579.49 and 36332.21.70 MJ/ha respectively in rice crop production. In case of wheat crop cultivation total source-wise energy consumed by large, medium and small farmer's was 19969.47, 20486.03 and 20180.73 MJ/ha respectively. From the study it was concluded that energy consumption has a positive relationship with the yield.

Download Full-text