scholarly journals A decision support tool for rural water supply planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-457
Author(s):  
Joseph Cook ◽  
Jake Wagner ◽  
Gunnar Newell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Supply Planning ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Over a dozen studies have examined how households who travel to collect water (about one-quarter of humanity) make choices about where and how much to collect. There is little evidence, however, that these studies have informed rural water supply planning in anything but a qualitative way. In this paper, we describe a new web-based decision support tool that planners or community members can use to simulate scenarios such as (1) price, quality, or placement changes of existing sources, (2) the closure of an existing source, or (3) the addition of a new source. We describe the analytical structure of the model and then demonstrate its possibilities using data from a recent study in rural Meru County, Kenya. We discuss some limits of the current model, and encourage readers and practitioners to explore it and suggest ways in which it could be improved or used most effectively.

scholarly journals Assessing Sustainability in Rural Water Supply Systems in Developing Countries Using a Novel Tool Based on Multi-Criteria Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domínguez ◽  
Oviedo-Ocaña ◽  
Hurtado ◽  
Barón ◽  
Hall
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Supply Systems

Rural water supply systems (RWSS) in developing countries typically have deficiencies that threaten their sustainability. This research used Multi-Criteria Analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process to identify indicators that can be used to assess the sustainability of RWSS. The assessment tool developed is composed of 17 attributes with 95 quantifiable indicators. The tool enables the assessment of the sustainability of RWSS, using data collected through semi-structured interviews, social cartography, technical inspection, household surveys, and water monitoring. The tool was applied in a case study of a RWSS in the Andean region of Colombia, illustrating a participatory, holistic, and structured assessment that provided a single sustainability measure for the system (3.0/5.0). The tool’s completeness is represented by its extensive attributes and indicators that deliver a robust baseline on the state of a system, help identify improvement strategies, and monitor system performance over time that can assists rural community organizations with RWSS management.

An application of the use of safe minimum standards in the conservation of livestock biodiversity

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADAM G. DRUCKER
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Animal Genetic Resource ◽  
Using Data

This paper adapts the safe minimum standard (SMS) approach so as to explore its use as a potential policy decision support tool that can be applied to issues related to the conservation and sustainable use of farm animal genetic resource (AnGR) diversity. Empirical SMS cost estimates are obtained using data from three AnGR economics case studies in Mexico and Italy. The findings support our hypothesis that the costs of implementing an SMS are low, both when compared with the size of subsidies currently being provided to the livestock sector (<1 percent of the total subsidy) and with regard to the benefits of conservation (benefit-cost ratio of >2.9).Nevertheless, despite providing a potentially useful AnGR conservation decision support tool, a critical assessment of the application reveals that a much more extensive quantification of the components required to determine SMS costs needs to be undertaken before this tool can be applied in practice.

Women's participation in rural water supply projects in India: is it moving beyond tokenism and does it matter?

Water Policy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Stalker Prokopy
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Project Outcomes ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Using Data

Evidence supporting the claim that women's participation in large-scale rural water supply projects leads to improved project outcomes is largely limited to isolated case studies. This paper attempts to fill this gap by examining data from 45 villages in two World Bank-assisted projects in India. Using data from a variety of sources, including water committee members, household surveys and focus groups, women's participation is quantified - what percentage actually attend meetings or are involved at higher levels of participation such as decision-making? While it is determined that, in some cases, female committee members are nominal, or token, participants, there is evidence that being on a local water committee helps women develop skills and confidence. Overall community participation is found to have a positive and significant relationship with different measures of project success; however, women's participation at the levels observed in this study is found to have no relationship to project success.

A Decision Tool for the Water-Energy Nexus in Jordan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Danielson ◽  
Love Ekenberg ◽  
Nadejda Komendantova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Water Energy Nexus ◽  
The World ◽  
Criteria Weights ◽  
Stakeholder Preferences ◽  
Water Scarce

Jordan is currently facing a serious problem of water scarcity. It is the fourth water-scarce country in the world. The sustainability of water supply in Jordan is affected not only by the depletion of water reserves but also by increasing electricity tariffs. In this paper, we present some results regarding the water-energy nexus governance in Jordan using a computer-supported co-creative approach for evaluating stakeholder preferences on criteria and possible scenarios of development for the sectors. We describe a decision support tool and a methodology for evaluating stakeholder preferences for both sectors and on possible scenarios of development for the water and energy sectors. We rank possible energy and water futures ranked under a set of sector-relevant criteria while considering entire ranges of possible alternative values and criteria weights. Using second-order probabilistic considerations, we furthermore analyse how plausible it is that a scenario outranks the others.

scholarly journals A Decision Support Tool for Water Supply System Decentralization via Distribution Network Sectorization

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Oscar T. Vegas Niño ◽  
Fernando Martínez Alzamora ◽  
Velitchko G. Tzatchkov
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Support Tool

Many water supply systems, conceived to operate in centralized manner, face difficulties to adapt to dynamic changes, such as population growth, city extension, and industrial development. Decentralization of these systems may be an effective solution. Known techniques for distribution network sectorization design can help to achieve such a goal, but this has not been recognized in the literature. None of those known techniques considers the conversion of a centralized system to a decentralized one. In this paper, two new distinct yet complementary methodologies for water supply system decentralization by distribution network sectorization are proposed and implemented in a software decision support tool freely available on internet. The first methodology identifies the main flow paths from water sources to some strategic nodes and considers the nodes in these paths as new potential sources for dividing the rest of the network. The second methodology sectorizes the network according to the contribution of sources to the consumption at nodes, based on mass balance equations for the transport of a hypothetical conservative constituent in a steady state. Both methods were applied to two real network models. The results obtained were better, for decentralizing the supply, compared to those obtained by other methodologies proposed in the literature.

scholarly journals Community-Based Management Strategies in Sustainability of Rural Water Supply Schemes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
Uzma Aashiq ◽  
Aliya Khalid ◽  
Muhammad Alam ◽  
Syed Salman Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Community Management ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Rural People ◽  
Rural Water Supply ◽  
Rural Water ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

The sustainability of Rural Water Supply Schemes (RWSS), managed by communities, is a major concern in the developing world. A sustainable RWSS delivers safe and sufficient drinking water for a longer period to rural people. Community management was viewed as an accepted model that leads to sustainability, even though community management had difficulties and constraints in sustainability of RWSS due to social, technical, institutional and financial constraints. This paper reviews the sustainability factors of community managed RWSS. There is a need to take multi-stakeholder approach, a demand driven and community led approach, which ties these stakeholders like government, community and non-governmental sector for the effectiveness and sustainability of drinking water services. The synthesis evidenced that community management needs modifications, in terms of external factors, like, institutional support that include financial and technical support, trainings and administrative assistance to make RWSS sustainable. The community, like participation in all phases of planning, implementation, operation & maintenance, water tariff, sense of ownership, transparency, leadership and management are essential for the sustainability of RWSS. The participation by the community members in RWSS plays positive role for its sustainability. To conclude, analysis also highlighted commitment to community management should be pragmatic and rational. The scaling up of community management is an effective and efficient model to address the issues of sustainability in RWSS.

scholarly journals PostGeoOlap: an Open-Source Tool for Decision Support

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Colonese ◽  
Rodrigo Soares Manhães ◽  
Sahudy Montenegro González ◽  
Rogério Atem De Carvalho ◽  
Asterio Kiyoshi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
On Line ◽  
Analytical Processing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Application Developers

This work describes PostGeoOlap, a decision support tool that integrates OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) and GIS (Geographical Information System) technologies in a single application. PostGeoOlap is an open source and a general-purpose tool to be used by application developers to easily develop their decision support applications. This tool works on the PostGreSQL DBMS using its spatial extensions (PostGIS) and performs the analytical and geographical functionalities using data warehouses.

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