Assessment of coastal surface water quality for irrigation purpose

Abstract The study aimed to assess the coastal surface water quality for irrigation purposes through the analysis of the water samples of some selected estuaries, rivers, and ponds. The analysis results showed that the mean value of typical water quality parameters like electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na+), and chloride (Cl−) ions exceeded the permissible limit of the Department of Environment (DoE), Bangladesh 2010, and FAO, 1985 for the pre- and post-monsoon seasons. The Piper diagram indicated a Na-Cl water type, especially during the pre- and post-monsoon seasons. The water quality parameters in the areas showed a higher amount than the standard permissible limits, indicating that the quality is deteriorating. The water quality index values for domestic uses showed very poorly to unsuitable in most of the surface waters except pond water, especially during the pre- and post-monsoon periods. The surface water quality index for irrigation purpose usages was found to be high and/ or severely restricted (score: 0–55) during the pre- and post-monsoon seasons. The study observed that due to saline water intrusion, the water quality deterioration started from post-monsoon and reached its highest level during the pre-monsoon season, which gradually depreciates the water quality in coastal watersheds of Bangladesh.

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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Surface Water Quality in Dong Thap Province, Vietnam Using Water Quality Index and Statistical Approaches

Water ◽

10.3390/w13030336 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 336

Author(s):

Nguyen Thanh Giao ◽

Phan Kim Anh ◽

Huynh Thi Hong Nhien

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

E Coli

The study was conducted to spatiotemporally analyze the quality, location and critical water variables influencing water quality using water monitoring data from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Dong Thap province in 2019. The water quality parameters including turbidity, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrite (N-NO2−), nitrate (N-NO3−), ammonium (N-NH4+), total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphate (P-PO43−), chloride (Cl−), oil and grease, sulfate (SO42−), coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) were collected at 58 locations with the frequency of four times per year (February, May, August, and November). These parameters were compared with national technical regulation on surface water quality—QCVN 08-MT: 2015/BTNMT. Water quality index (WQI) was calculated and spatially presented by geographical information system (GIS) tool. Pearson correlation analysis, cluster analysis (CA), and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the correlation among water quality parameters, group and reduce the sampling sites, and identify key parameters and potential water pollution sources. The results showed that TSS, BOD, COD, N-NH4+, P-PO43−, coliforms, and E. coli were the significant concerns impairing the water quality. Water quality was assessed from poor to medium levels by WQI analysis. CA suggested that the current monitoring locations could be reduced from 58 sites to 43 sites which can be saved the total monitoring budget up to 25.85%. PCA showed that temperature, pH, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, N-NH4+, N-NO2−, TN, P-PO43−, coliforms, and E. coli were the key water parameters influencing water quality in Dong Thap province’s canals and rivers; thus, these parameters should be monitored annually. The water pollution sources were possibly hydrological conditions, water runoff, riverbank erosion, domestic and urban activities, and industrial and agricultural discharges. Significantly, the municipal and agricultural wastes could be decisive factors to the change of surface water quality in the study area. Further studies need to focus on identifying sources of water pollution for implementing appropriate water management strategies.

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Surface Water Pollution Risk From Vietnam Water Quality Index (VN-WQI) in the Ca Mau City, Mekong Delta

Nature Environment and Pollution Technology ◽

10.46488/nept.2021.v20i04.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Nguyen Ngan Ha ◽

Tran Thi Thu Huong ◽

Pham The Vinh ◽

Tran Thi Van

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Sentinel 2

This paper presents the study of integrating the remote sensing technology with in-situ ground observation for assessing the status of water quality in Ca Mau city through the Vietnam Water Quality Index (VN-WQI). The Sentinel-2 image and in-situ surface water samples were collected on 20 February 2020 for this study. The sample results were then specified by samples’ coordination. Besides, Sentinel-2 imaging was processed by radiometric and atmospheric correction, geometric registration, and extracted pixel spectral values from the sample locations. The multiple linear regressions of seven water quality parameters including BOD5, COD, NH4, PO4, TSS, pH, Coliform with surface water’s pixel spectral values from the satellite images were calculated and used to simulate water quality parameters on the satellite image. They were integrated into the VN-WQI to estimate, classify, and evaluate the general surface water quality of the Ca Mau city. The results show that there is a regressive correlation between measured data and image spectral values, and the simulation also well fits with the data with an acceptable error. The surface water quality of Ca Mau city is heavily polluted with almost all water quality parameters recognized at B1 to above B2 level according to the QCVN08-MT:2015/BTNMT. In terms of VN-WQI, the results also illustrate the low quality of surface water and heavy pollution only used for water transportation, not for domestic use. This approach can be a powerful method in spatially monitoring water quality and supporting environment management.

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Assessment of surface water quality in relation to water quality index of tropical lentic environment, Central Gujarat, India

International Journal of Environment ◽

10.3126/ije.v3i1.9952 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 168-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hiren B Soni ◽

Sheju Thomas

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Total Alkalinity ◽

Total Hardness ◽

Human Consumption

The present study involved the determination of surface water quality index of tropical sacred wetland viz. Dakor Pilgrimage Wetland (DPW), Central Gujarat, India. The main aim of the study was to evaluate various water quality parameters to draw-out the water quality index for an assessment of a tropical aquatic body. The monthly values of pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total alkalinity (TA), Total Hardness (TH), Calcium Hardness (Ca), Magnesium Hardness (Mg), Chloride, Sulphate, Phosphate, Sodium, and Potassium, were analyzed to compute water quality index (WQI). The results manifest that WQI at site 1 (D1) was maximum (161.74), followed by D2 (159.96), and minimum at site 3 (D3) (157.19). The values clearly depicts that quality of water is completely unfit for human consumption unless and until strict and mandatory steps are taken to rejuvenate it. The suggestive measures to improve the overall health of an aquatic body is also discussed herewith alongwith conservation measures and management strategies. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i1.9952 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(1) 2014: 168-176

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Quality Characterization of Surface Water Sources Using Water Quality Index in Urban Areas of Solan District of Himachal Pradesh

International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.9734/irjpac/2020/v21i2430329 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Jyotsana Pandit ◽

S. K. Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Quality Index ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Sources ◽

Anthropogenic Pressure

The studies of surface water quality of urban areas has become a major environmental challenge. In effect these aquatic ecosystems are increasingly under strong anthropogenic pressure. This fact causes the deteriorations of their quality and biodiversity. That seems the cases of the surface water of Solan District. Known the importance of these ecosystems in socio-economic activities of this district, it is important to lead studies for water qualities assessment. So, the surface water quality of urban areas of Solan District was assessed using the water quality index (WQI).To realize this objective, water samples were collected from five urban areas (Arki, Baddi, Nalagarh, Parwanoo, Solan) during the summer and winter seasons and were analyzed for major physicochemical parameters, viz. pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, BOD, COD, DO,As, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, to determine its suitability for drinking and domestic purposes. In surface water pH, EC, turbidity, TDS, BOD, COD, DO were found in the range of 6.74-7.55, 0.294-0.506 dS m-1,3.71-7.79 NTU, 105.51-253.26 mg l-1, 1.51-3.14 mg l-1,101.79-166.88 mg l-1, 4.16-6.58 mg l-1 consequently. Trace elements Pb, Cr, Zn, As, Cd, were found in the range of 0.04-0.28 mg l-1, 0.034-0.063 mg l-1, 0.22-0.46 mg l-1, 0.004-0.020 mg l-1 and 0.002-0.008 mg l-1 respectively. All water quality parameters except Pb, Cr, Cd were within the permissible limits. Out of all urban areas WQI of Arki (33) and Solan (46) was categorized as good. Whereas WQI of Parwanoo, Baddi and Nalagarh was 69, 62, 57 respectively and was categorized as poor, indicating negative impacts o urbanization and industrialization. The study indicated that urbanization in the district has started impacting surface water sources, therefore bregular quality monitoring is required and for sustainable urbanization the implementation of stringent rules and guidelines are needed to enhance health and preserve them for future generations.

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ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY INDEX FOR IRRIGATION PURPOSE: CASE STUDY NORTHWEST OF NILE DELTA, EGYPT

Menoufia Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.21608/mjss.2021.182346 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 163-182

Author(s):

Radwa A. El Behairy ◽

A. A. El Baroudy ◽

M. M. Ibrahim ◽

M. S Shokr

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Nile Delta ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Irrigation Purpose

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Seasonal and Temporal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Saguling Reservoir Indonesia Using Water Quality Index

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20562/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Marselina ◽

Arwin Sabar ◽

Nurul Fahimah

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Fecal Coliform ◽

Quality Index ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Distribution Analysis ◽

Wet Season ◽

Reservoir Water

Abstract In recent years, developments in agriculture, industry, and urban activities, especially around rivers and reservoirs have caused significant changes to the quality and quantity of water resources. This includes the Saguling Reservoir, which is located in Citarum basin, Indonesia. A review of previous studies reveals that Water Quality Index (WQI) is efficient for the identification of pollution sources as well as for the understanding of temporal and spatial variations in reservoir water quality. The National Sanitation Foundation – Water Quality Index (NSFWQI), which is a commonly used indicator of surface water quality, is based on turbidity, temperature, phosphate, nitrate, fecal coliform, pH, DO, TS, and BOD parameters. Using the results from the correlation matrix, we show that the two water quality parameters that influence the NSFWQI value the most are turbidity and fecal coliform. The average index of NSFWQI was determined to be 48.42 during the dry season, 43.97 during the normal season, and 45.82 during the wet season. A calculation of the WQI classified the water quality in the Saguling Reservoir as “bad” in condition. This study reveals that the strongest and most significant correlation between the concentration parameters and the WQI score is the turbidity concentration fecal coli, which is usable to determine the required parameters for the calculation of WQI with reduced parameters, if needed. This research also conducted nitrate concentration distribution analysis around Saguling Reservoir using the Inverse Distance Weighted method.

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Assessement of Water Quality Parameters in Some Potential Pollutant Areas from Romania

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.8.6470 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 2045-2049

Author(s):

Catalina Gabriela Gheorghe ◽

Andreea Bondarev ◽

Ion Onutu

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Water Quality Parameters ◽

Quality Data ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Water Quality Data ◽

Pollutant Sources ◽

Water Quality Forecasting

Monitoring of environmental factors allows the achievement of some important objectives regarding water quality, forecasting, warning and intervention. The aim of this paper is to investigate water quality parameters in some potential pollutant sources from northern, southern and east-southern areas of Romania. Surface water quality data for some selected chemical parameters were collected and analyzed at different points from March to May 2017.

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