Bioretention gardens for improved nutrient removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Randall ◽  
Andrea Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Stormwater Management Practices ◽  
Soil Mix ◽  
Term Performance

Bioretention gardens are stormwater management practices capable of providing numerous water quantity and quality benefits. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in these systems. This study used ten, vegetated, mesoscale (0.20 m3), bioretention cells in a field setting to provide a comparison of the nutrient removal capabilities of five, alternative bioretention designs. Applying a synthetic stormwater to the bioretention cells demonstrated that a sandy soil mix can provide a 75.5 and 53.4% reduction in concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen, respectively. Phosphorus removal was found to be only slightly enhanced in bioretention cells where soil was amended with alum-based drinking water treatment residuals, a commercially available oxide-coated media, or a commercially available lanthanum-modified bentonite product. However, improvements in phosphorus removal were observed in some cells when elevated phosphorus loads were applied to evaluate longer term performance. In cells incorporating a permanently saturated zone containing shredded newspaper to promote denitrification, effluent concentrations of nitrate were reduced by >99%, however total nitrogen concentrations increased.

Effects of tetracycline on simultaneous biological wastewater nitrogen and phosphorus removal

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (73) ◽  
pp. 59326-59334 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chen ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
C. Ding ◽  
H. Liang ◽  
B. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

The presence of 2 and 5 mg L−1of tetracycline decreased total nitrogen removal. Tetracycline induced EPS release and decreased its protective role on cells. Denitrifiers instead of nitrifiers were negatively affected by tetracycline.

Comparison of nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency between two types of baffled vertical flow constructed wetlands planted with Oenanthe Javanica

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 2023-2032
Author(s):  
Jingqing Gao ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Rui Zhong ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Jingshen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Oenanthe Javanica

Abstract The environmental problems related to rural domestic sewage treatment are becoming increasingly serious, and society is also concerned about them. A baffled vertical flow constructed wetland (BVFCW) is a good choice for cleaning wastewater. Herein, a drinking-water treatment sludge-BVFCW (D-BVFCW) parallel with ceramsite-BVFCW (C-BVFCW) planted with Oenanthe javanica (O. javanica) to treat rural domestic sewage was investigated, aiming to compare nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in different BVFCWs. A removal of 23.9% NH4+-N, 24.6% total nitrogen (TN) and 76.7% total phosphorus (TP) occurred simultaneously in the D-BVFCW; 56.4% NH4+-N, 60.8% TN and 55.2% TP respectively in the C-BVFCW. The root and plant height increased by an average of 7.9 cm and 8.3 cm, respectively, in the D-BVFCW, and by 0.7 cm and 1.1 cm, respectively, in the C-BVFCW. These results demonstrate that the D-BVFCW and C-BVFCW have different effects on the removal of N and P. The D-BVFCW mainly removed P, while C-BVFCW mainly removed N.

scholarly journals Co-optimisation of phosphorus and nitrogen removal in stormwater biofilters: the role of filter media, vegetation and saturated zone

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1961-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie J. Glaister ◽  
Tim D. Fletcher ◽  
Perran L. M. Cook ◽  
Belinda E. Hatt
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Saturated Zone ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Impact

Biofilters have been shown to effectively treat stormwater and achieve nutrient load reduction targets. However, effluent concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus typically exceed environmental targets for receiving water protection. This study investigates the role of filter media, vegetation and a saturated zone (SZ) in achieving co-optimised nitrogen and phosphorus removal in biofilters. Twenty biofilter columns were monitored over a 12-month period of dosing with semi-synthetic stormwater. The frequency of dosing was altered seasonally to examine the impact of hydrologic variability. Very good nutrient removal (90% total phosphorus, 89% total nitrogen) could be achieved by incorporating vegetation, an SZ and Skye sand, a naturally occurring iron-rich filter medium. This design maintained nutrient removal at or below water quality guideline concentrations throughout the experiment, demonstrating resilience to wetting–drying fluctuations. The results also highlighted the benefit of including an SZ to maintain treatment performance over extended dry periods. These findings represent progress towards designing biofilters which co-optimise nitrogen and phosphorus removal and comply with water quality guidelines.

Comparison of nutrient removal efficiency between pre- and post-denitrification wastewater treatments

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 169-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hamada ◽  
T. Kuba ◽  
V. Torrico ◽  
M. Okazaki ◽  
T. Kusuda
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal Efficiency ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
Denitrification Process

A shortage of organic substances (COD) may cause problems for biological nutrient removal, that is, lower influent COD concentration leads to lower nutrient removal rates. Biological phosphorus removal and denitrification are reactions in which COD is indispensable. As for biological simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal systems, a competition problem of COD utilisation between polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and non-polyphosphate-accumulating denitrifiers is not avoided. From the viewpoint of effective utilisation of limited influent COD, denitrifying phosphorus-removing organisms (DN-PAOs) can be effective. In this study, DN-PAOs activities in modified UCT (pre-denitrification process) and DEPHANOX (post-denitrification ptocess) wastewater treatments were compared. In conclusion, the post-denitrification systems can use influent COD more effectively and have higher nutrient removal efficiencies than the conventional pre-denitrification systems.

scholarly journals Role of different plants on nitrogen and phosphorus removal at low temperature in lab-scale constructed wetlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 01023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Xiao ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Chao Shen ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Lei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

In this study, plant growth and nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in lab-scale CWs by five plants (H. vulgaris, N. peltatum, N. tetragona, N. pumilum, S. trifolia) in winter in Sichuan basin was evaluated. H. vulgaris and N. tetragona would well adapt to the winter wetland environment, and the relative growth at the end of the experiment was 89.83% and 66.85%, respectively. In winter, H. vulgaris kept growing with accumulated stems and leaves, while growth of N. tetragona was mainly caused by the growth of roots and stems underwater. In addition, during the winter, removal efficiencies were 66.29%, 57.47%, 54.78%, 55.47%, 41.66% of TN and 62.40%, 69.75%, 69.97%, 65.65%, 76.55% of TP for each planted CWs respectively. The results indicated that the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from CWs was mainly achieved by substrate, while a small portion was attributed by plant. However, plants like H. vulgaris and N. tetragona, in the CWs in winter can play the role of landscaping. Thus, H. vulgaris could be considered as a suitable and effective nutrient removal plant for treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus water in winter wetlands in Sichuan basin.

scholarly journals Stoichiometry of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater from Romania

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Florinela Pirvu ◽  
◽  
Iuliana Paun ◽  
Marcela Niculescu ◽  
Vasile Ion Iancu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Very High

Water resources crisis can lead to a new concept of wastewater treatment. Wastewater cannot be considered waste but can be a renewable or non-renewable energy source. Nutrients from wastewater could be recycled and not disposed of. A circular economy can be created that can be based on the ability of algae to absorb and store nutrients: carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). This study investigates the stoichiometry between carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater from three geographical regions of Romania. The concentrations of inorganic nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total organic carbon were compared and evaluated. Three wastewater sampling points located in different areas were monitored, in the period 2013-2017 for the sampling point located in the central-northern part of the Romanian Plain and in the period 2015-2017 for the other two studied areas. The obtained results showed very high values of total nitrogen concentrations with values between 28.2 mg/L and 107.2 mg/L for the southeastern part of Romania. The values of the stoichiometric ratio’s C/N, C/P, N/P have varied over time with maximums in the autumn and winter seasons which indicates the existence of significant contamination of wastewater. It may be possible in the future to improve the performance of wastewater treatment by adjusting C, N, and P parameters.

Impacts of variable pH on stability and nutrient removal efficiency of aerobic granular sludge

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monireh Lashkarizadeh ◽  
Giulio Munz ◽  
Jan A. Oleszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Ph Shock

The impact of pH variation on aerobic granular sludge stability and performance was investigated. A 9-day alkaline (pH = 9) and acidic (pH = 6) pH shocks were imposed on mature granules with simultaneous chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The imposed alkaline pH shock (pH 9) reduced nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency from 88% and 98% to 66% and 50%, respectively, with no further recovery. However, acidic pH shock (pH 6) did not have a major impact on nutrient removal and the removal efficiencies recovered to their initial values after 3 days of operation under the new pH condition. Operating the reactors under alkaline pH induced granules breakage and resulted in an increased solids concentration in the effluent and a significant decrease in the size of the bio-particles, while acidic pH did not have significant impacts on granules stability. Changes in chemical structure and composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix were suggested as the main factors inducing granules instability under high pH.

High rate and compact two-stage post-denitrification process with single-sludge pre-denitrification

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 467-475
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Mikawa ◽  
Hiroyoshi Emori ◽  
Tadashi Takeshima ◽  
Eiichi Ishiyama ◽  
Kazuhiro Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Closed Water ◽  
Denitrification Process

For the sewage treatment plants near rivers and closed water bodies in urbanized areas there is a growing demand for introduction of advanced treatment processes for nitrogen and phosphorus removal for water quality conservation and environmental protection. In order to achieve the total nitrogen content of below 10 mg/L in effluent, a compact single sludge pre-denitrification process by dosing immobilized pellets in the nitrification tank (PEGASUS process) has been already developed (Tanaka et al. 1992). Furthermore, a two-stage PEGASUS process and a PEGASUS process with post-denitrification were developed and investigated for nitrogen removal. Both processes achieved the total nitrogen of less than 5mg/L.

Extracellular polymeric substances in relation to nutrient removal from a sequencing batch biofilm reactor

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Choi ◽  
Z. Yun ◽  
Y. Park ◽  
H. Lee ◽  
H. Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Bulk Liquid ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Experimental investigations were performed to determine the possibility of simultaneous biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal during various biofilm processes in conjunction with biofilm characterisation, especially extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Since biological nitrogen removal requires an alternating exposure of anaerobic-anoxic-oxic conditions in the bulk liquid that surrounds the biofilm growth media, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR)-type operation was used. Various materials including expanded clay, polystyrene, polyurethane, and acrylic materials were used as the biofilm growth support medium. Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal was possible with SBR, but it was postulated that nutrient removal efficiencies varied with film thickness. Thinner biofilm promoted nitrification and phosphorus removal, but thicker biofilm enhanced denitrification and reduced phosphorus removal. EPS contents were similar regardless of support media types or biofilm configuration, but EPS contents gradually increased as the film growth continued after backwashing. EPS contents were increased with increased nitrogen removal, but it was difficult to define its relation with phosphorus removal. In addition, suspended solids removal was correlated well with the EPS content in the biofilms.

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