Removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds through pilot- and full-scale riverbank filtration

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark J. Benotti ◽  
Rengao Song ◽  
Doyle Wilson ◽  
Shane A. Snyder
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Microbial Degradation ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Riverbank Filtration ◽  
Conservative Tracer ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Log Kow

Removal of a large suite of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) was measured through both pilot- and full-scale riverbank filtration (RBF) facilities. The pilot-scale RBF effectively reduced low ng/L concentrations of most compounds by greater than 90% following a 36-day experiment. Breakthrough of the conservative tracer occurred after 10 days and reached 90% recovery after 28 days. Only four compounds (diazepam, meprobamate, phenytoin and tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP)) were between 20 and 80% removed, and three compounds (atrazine, carbamazepine, and sulfamethoxazole) were less than 20% removed by the pilot. Removal of compounds through the pilot-scale RBF is consistent with results from two full-scale RBF systems: atrazine, carbamazepine, meprobamate, phenytoin and sulfamethoxazole persisted through infiltration into drinking water, whereas caffeine, DEET, gemfibrozil, ibuprofen, iopromide, TCEP, triclosan and trimethoprim were removed. Removal during RBF was attributed to (1) microbial degradation for compounds which were either negatively charged or were neutrally charged and had low log KOW values (such as acetaminophen, caffeine, and trimethoprim), or (2) adsorption for neutrally-charged compounds with high log KOW values (including estradiol, estrone, ethynylestradiol, fluoxetine, oxybenzone, progesterone, testosterone, and triclosan).

Evaluation of pilot-scale oxidation of several PPCPs/EDCs (pharmaceuticals and personal care products/endocrine disrupting compounds) during drinking water ozonation treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-582
Author(s):  
Chaoyang Yue ◽  
Rajesh Seth ◽  
Shahram Tabe ◽  
Xiaoming Zhao ◽  
Chunyan Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ozone Exposure ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Detroit River ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Several PPCPs/EDCs are being detected in surface drinking water sources, which is a great concern. The efficacy of ozonation in oxidizing 13 PPCPs/EDCs frequently detected in the Detroit River watershed was examined at pilot scale in the current study. Pilot-scale experiments were conducted at ozone dosages varying between 0.3 and 1.5 mg/L with the 13 PPCPs/ EDCs spiked in raw water obtained from the Detroit River. For 10 of the 13 PPCPs/EDCs with a high reaction rate with ozone (Group A), average oxidation efficiencies exceeded 95% for all ozone dosages at a contact time of 8.6 min. For chemicals with low to moderate reaction rate with molecular ozone (Group B), the observed oxidations were variable and ranged between 3 and 62% for ibuprofen and clorfibric acid and between 28 and >99% for bezafibrate under the same conditions. For the Group B chemicals, the oxidation increased with increasing ozone exposure and was significantly influenced by the quality of raw water.

The potential reproductive effects of exposure of domestic ruminants to endocrine disrupting compounds

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.L. Boerjan ◽  
S. Freijnagel ◽  
S.M. Rhind ◽  
G.A.L. Meijer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Contaminated Food

AbstractChemical compounds that mimic or block some of the actions of the steroid hormone oestradiol, have created public concern primarily because of potential adverse reproductive effects in wildlife and humans. Many studies, in vivo and in vitro, have revealed abnormal reproductive function following exposure to these compounds. The number of chemicals known to have the potential to modulate endocrine functions is increasing. In contrast to humans and wildlife, the potential reproductive effects of exposure of domestic animals to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC) have been studied little. The aim of this overview is to evaluate the possible contribution of EDC to reproductive failure in domestic ruminants.Sources and classes of EDC are discussed as well as their structure and the modes of hormone disruption. Endocrine disrupting agents may interfere with the reproductive processes of both males and females at several points of the reproductive cycle and through a range of physiological mechanisms. Extrapolating from the results obtained with laboratory animals, the mechanisms whereby infertility in domestic ruminants might be expressed by exposure to EDC through contaminated food and drinking water are addressed.A preliminary risk assessment is included and it is concluded that under certain circumstances there may be a significantly enhanced intake of oestrogenic hormones and EDC through sewage-contaminated water or soil-contaminated herbage. The physiological consequences for domestic ruminants of EDC ingestion, at the rates estimated, are largely unknown. However, the levels of exposure to oestrogenic hormones and phthalates in grazing ruminants are such that when studying fertility problems in high-yielding dairy cattle the impacts of exposure to endocrine disruptors via the food and drinking water cannot be neglected.

Using Pilot-Scale Investigations to Estimate the Remaining Geosmin and MIB Removal Capacity of Full-Scale GAC-Capped Drinking Water Filters

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Souleymane Ndiongue ◽  
William B. Anderson ◽  
Abhay Tadwalkar ◽  
John Rudnickas ◽  
Margaret Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
The City ◽  
Water Filters ◽  
Pilot Tests

Abstract Pilot tests were conducted to investigate the removal of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) by new and semi-exhausted granular activated carbon (GAC) extracted from full-scale filters located in the City of Toronto's drinking water treatment facilities. Four pilot filters containing core-sampled GAC and new sand were fed with settled water from a full-scale plant and operated under conditions similar to those employed at full-scale. None of the pilot filters appeared to be capable of reducing geosmin and MIB concentrations to below the commonly cited threshold odour limits of 4 ng/L for geosmin and 9 ng/L for MIB at the influent levels tested. When operated at a 5-min empty bed contact time (EBCT) with geosmin influent concentrations in the range of about 70 to 110 ng/L, removals ranged from 10 to 38% in filters with 25 to 30 cm of used GAC. In the filter with 25 cm of new GAC, removal was 83%. When operated with a 7.5-min EBCT, the filter containing 95 cm of used bituminous GAC removed 78% of the geosmin present in the influent. For both geosmin and MIB, the effluent concentration and the amount removed increased as influent concentration increased, as was expected. In general, geosmin was better removed than MIB.

Tertiary ozonation of industrial wastewater for the removal of estrogenic compounds (NP and BPA): a full-scale case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bertanza ◽  
M. Papa ◽  
R. Pedrazzani ◽  
C. Repice ◽  
M. Dal Grande
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Residual Content ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Treatment Stage ◽  
Flow Rate Increase

Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are considered to be a major source for the release in the aquatic environment of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs). Ozone has proved to be a suitable solution for polishing secondary domestic effluents. In this work, the performance of a full-scale ozonation plant was investigated in order to assess the removal efficiency of four target EDCs: nonylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate, nonylphenol diethoxylate and bisphenol A. The studied system was the tertiary treatment stage of a municipal WWTP which receives an important industrial (textile) load. Chemical analyses showed that the considered substances occurred with a significant variability, typical of real wastewaters; based on this, ozonation performance was carefully evaluated and it appeared to be negatively affected by flow-rate increase (during rainy days, with consequent contact time reduction). Moreover, EDCs' measured removal efficiency was lower than what could be predicted based on literature data, because of the relatively high residual content of biorefractory compounds still present after biological treatment.

Detection and removal of estrogencity in membrane biological reactors

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y. Hu ◽  
X. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fate And Behavior

Three pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactors (MBRs) in a local wastewater treatment plant (K, M and Z) were studied with the objective to compare the performance of pre-denitrification MBR systems in eliminating the estrogenic activity of the effluent of primary clarifier. A total of 5 batches of samples, which included influent, effluent, supernatant and sludge from the respective aerobic and anoxic tanks were collected over the span. They were investigated by using the developed solid-phase extraction (SPE) protocol coupled with a modified yeast-based estrogen screen (YES) assay. From the results, it could be seen that M MBR demonstrated the best endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) removal efficiency. The fate and behavior of EDCs in MBR systems were fairly understood with estrogenic activity formation dominating in the anoxic tank and removal dominating in the aerobic tank. It is believed that the sorption of EDCs onto the sludge as well as biodegradation of EDCs might be the key mechanisms for the EDCs removal. The low response of YES when dealing with influent samples was mainly due to the inhibition and antagonist effects induced by the influent samples on yeast cells.

scholarly journals Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in the aquatic environment: implications for the drinking water industry and global environmental health

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Rahman ◽  
E. K. Yanful ◽  
S. Y. Jasim
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Fish Population ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Trace Concentrations ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a group of chemical compounds with diverse physical and chemical properties. Recent studies have indicated undesired effects of EDCs and PPCPs at their reported trace concentrations (ng l−1 to μg l−1). This paper reviews the current knowledge on the sources, properties, occurrence and health impacts of EDCs and PPCPs, and their removal from drinking water using ozonation and ozone/hydrogen peroxide-based advanced oxidation. The paper also examines the potential threats posed by these chemicals to drinking water and public health. While these compounds are known to have adverse effects on ecosystem health, notably in the fish population, a similar link is yet to be established between ingestion of these compounds through drinking water and human health. In addition, data on the effectiveness of existing methods for the removal of these compounds are not conclusive. Further studies are required to characterize risks, and also to evaluate and optimize existing removal processes. Also concerted international effort is urgent to cut down the risk of exposure and restrain the production and marketing of toxic chemicals.

scholarly journals Removal of chlorite from drinking water: laboratory and pilot scale studies to predict activated carbon performance at full scale

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Sabrina Sorlini ◽  
Michela Biasibetti ◽  
Francesca Gialdini ◽  
Maria Cristina Collivignarelli
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Carbon Performance
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document