Start-Up, Operation, Monitoring and Control of High-Rate Anaerobic Treatment Systems

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 207-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Hickey ◽  
W.-M. Wu ◽  
M. C. Veiga ◽  
R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Operating Experience ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

High-rate anaerobic treatment has emerged as a viable alternative for the treatment of many industrial and municipal wastewaters. A number of different process options have been reduced to practice, although some configurations are clearly more well developed than others. One common thread that links these various processes (principally the Anaerobic Filter, Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket and Expanded/Fluidized Bed Reactors), is the ability to effectively separate solids and hydraulic retention times. This permits design to be based upon the degradative capacity of the anaerobes, not growth rate and results in reduction of treatment times from days (typical for conventional digester systems) to hours. This article compares and contrasts the principles of start-up and operation of these different high-rate anaerobic systems based upon laboratory research and full-scale operating experience gained over the past two decades. The application of anaerobic processes for treatment of certain toxic and hazardous waste streams is just beginning. The limited work performed to date and anticipated future needs for process monitoring and control are also presented in this article.

The Start-Up, Operation and Monitoring of High-Rate Anaerobic Treatment Systems: Discusser's Report

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 257-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Weiland ◽  
A. Rozzi
Keyword(s):  
Process Control ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Process Monitoring And Control ◽  
And Control

The reduction of the duration of start-up and the improvement of process control are important factors in order to increase the competitiveness of anaerobic high-rate reactor systems. This paper discusses and reviews the specific similarities and differences of UASB, filter and expanded/fluidized bed reactors with respect to start-up, operation, parameter monitoring and process control. The influence of microbial, biochemical and physical parameters upon reactor start-up and process performance is evaluated and methods for process monitoring and control are described. The different role of stability indicators, which give an early warning signal of oncoming unstable process conditions, and control variables, which must be kept constant during operation, is discussed with respect to process control and reactor start-up. The merits and weak points of each reactor system are presented and all systems are qualitatively compared.

High-Rate Anaerobic Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rintala
Keyword(s):  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Uasb Reactors

Anaerobic mesophilic treatment of synthetic (a mixture of acetate and methanol) and thermomechanical pulping (TMP) wastewater was studied in laboratory-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors and filters with emphasis on the process start-up. The reactors were inoculated with nongranular sludge. The start-up of mesophilic and thermophilic processes inoculated with mesophilic granular sludge was investigated in UASB reactors fed with diluted vinasse. The start-up proceeded faster in the filters than in the UASB reactors with TMP and synthetic wastewater. Loading rates of over 15 kgCODm−3d−1 with 50-60 % COD removal efficiencies were achieved in 10 days in the mesophilic and in 50 days in the thermophilic UASB reactor treating vinasse. The results show that high-rate anaerobic treatment can be applied to different types of industrial wastewaters under varying conditions.

New Technologies for Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 41-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Look Hulshoff Pol ◽  
Gatze Lettinga
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Uasb Reactors ◽  
Sludge Granulation

Presently anaerobic wastewater treatment is becoming an accepted simple technology for the treatment of a variety of wastewaters. Of the different treatment systems that have been developed the UASB process (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) has found the widest application. Almost all of the more than 60 full scale UASB reactors in operation now, are running satisfactorily. The excellent sludge retention generally found in UASB-reactors is obtained by sludge granulation, which can be seen as a sludge immobilization process. The presently available insight into the sludge granulation process is briefly presented, together with the strategy to be applied for performing a proper first start-up and secondary start-up of UASB reactors, viz. using granular seed sludge. The effect of the presence of SS with regard to the loading potentials of anaerobic treatment systems will be discussed. The experiences obtained with some full scale applications of the UASB-process are presented.

Design Operation and Economy of Anaerobic Treatment

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 177-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Lettinga ◽  
S W Hobma ◽  
L W Hulshoff Pol ◽  
W de Zeeuw ◽  
P de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Filter Process ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

This paper aims to contribute to the assesment of a (more) optimal design and operation of a high rate anaerobic waste water treatment process. The discussion will be made on basis of available information of modern anaerobic waste water treatment processes, such as the Anaerobic Filter Process and the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket process and of recently introduced Attached Film processes.

Start-Up Strategy to Achieve Excellent Efficiency of Degradation Acetate,Ethanol and Propionate in UASB

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 2103-2106
Author(s):  
Ming Yue Zheng ◽  
Ming Xia Zheng ◽  
Kai Jun Wang ◽  
Hai Yan
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Metabolic Intermediate ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The performance of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) fed with three metabolic intermediate (acetate, ethanol, and propionate) respectively was studied. The degradation of metabolic intermediate were investigated to discuss the reason for propionate inhibition problem in anaerobic treatment. The hydraulic retention time (HRT) in the reactors started with 8.0h.The yield rate of biogas were 237ml/gCOD, 242ml/gCOD, 218ml/gCOD for acetate, ethanol and propionate, respectively when finishing start-up under OLR of 5.0 kgCOD/(m3·d) (HRT=9.6h).The HRT remained constant 9.6h,and the substrate concentration was gradually increased from 1,000 to 16,000mg/L as COD,and the organic loading rates(OLR) was from 3.0 to 40.0 kgCOD/(m3·d).The maximum propionate concentration was 41.6 gHPr-COD/L at the organic loading rate of 43.9 kgCOD/(m3·d) (HRT, 9.6h) as well as acetate and ethanol.

Anaerobic treatment of Wastewater from a fish-canning factory in a full-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Pun˜al ◽  
J. M. Lema
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Upward Velocity ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The start-up and optimisation of a 380 m3 UASB reactor (Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) treating wastewater from a fish-canning factory was carried out. At the beginning of the operation the Organic Loading Rate (OLR) was 1 kg COD/m3·d. Then, the load was gradually increased in steps of 50% OLR until the final capacity of the system (4 kg COD/m3·d) was achieved. Wastewater characteristics were highly dependent on the canned product (mussel, tuna, sardines, etc.). In spite of that, a stable operation working at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 days was maintained. Total Alkalinity (TA) always presented values higher than 3 g CaCO3/l, while the IA/TA ratio (Intermediate Alalinity/Total Alkalinity) was always maintained lower than 0.3. In order to improve granulation conditions, upward velocities from 0.5 to 0.8 m/h were applied. The highest values caused the washout of non-granulated biomass from the reactor, optimum operation being achieved at an upward velocity of 0.7 m/h.

Criteria for the Utilization, Design and Operation of UASB Reactors

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 55-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
And Control ◽  
Uasb Reactors

This paper describes and discusses the principal ideas and parameters related to the application, design and operation of wastewater treatment systems using the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). The differences in the process brought about by the high or low concentration of organic material in the wastewater to be treated are pointed out in each consideration. The purpose of this paper is to make the development of simple, but safe and efficient UASB reactor treatment units, by technicians not necessarily highly specialized in the subject, possible. It also attempts to point out problems which are not yet completely solved in order to help in the preparation of future research and development plans. A number of possible questions that deal with the following subjects are discussed:–types of waste which can be treated by the UASB reactor–concentrated wastes (for example, stillage from sugar-cane) and diluted wastes (for example, domestic sewage)–necessity of pre- and post-treatment–temperature–shape and dimensions of the reactor–criteria and details for design–start-up, operation and control of the unit–forecasts of efficiency, costs, etc.

Pemodelan Reaktor Hibrid Anaerob Pengolah Molasse Pada Pembebanan Organik Tinggi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede H Cahyana
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Expanded Bed ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Telah dikembangkan reaktor anaerob kecepatan tinggi (high rate) yang merupakan modifikasi reaktor konvensional. Di antaranya berupa (bio)reaktor pertumbuhan tersuspensi (contoh: UASB, Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) dan reaktor pertumbuhan lekat (Fixed Bed atau Biofilter, Fluidized Bed, Expanded Bed, Rotating Biodisc dan Baffled Reactor). Kedua tipe reaktor di atas memiliki sejumlah kelebihan dan kekurangan. Untuk mengoptimalkan nilai positifnya (terutama untuk keperluan desain) maka reaktor tersebut, pada penelitian ini, disusun menjadi satu urutan yang disebut Reaktor Hibrid Anaerob (Rehan) yakni UASB di bawah dan AF di atasnya. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang kinerja Rehan dalam mengolah air limbah (substrat) yang konsentrasi zat organiknya (COD) sangat tinggi dan suatu model matematika yang dapat mewakili reaktor tersebut.

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