UKWIR initiatives for implementing expert group recommendations to minimise Cryptosporidium risk in water treatment—a summary review

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 143-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hall ◽  
R. Head ◽  
D. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Manual ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
Group Recommendations ◽  
Plant Trials ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Operational Guidance ◽  
Extensive Pilot

The UK Expert Group on Cryptosporidium in Water Supplies provided recommendations to the Water Industry on optimising water treatment for the removal of oocysts. UK Water Industry Research Ltd (UKWIR), on behalf of the UK Water Utilities, commissioned research to facilitate the implementation of these recommendations. This involved extensive pilot plant trials, the results of which were disseminated through research reports and workshops. The findings of the research were also included in a water treatment manual which provided more detailed operational guidance to supplement the Expert Group recommendations. A brief overview of this research is provided, with examples of the findings to illustrate thenature of the operational guidance in the manual.

scholarly journals Understanding how changing rainfall may impact on urban drainage systems; lessons from projects in the UK and USA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dale ◽  
A. Hosking ◽  
E. Gill ◽  
E. Kendon ◽  
H. J. Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Climate Model Output ◽  
Wet Weather ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Rainfall Statistics ◽  
Very High

Abstract Urban flooding and wet weather pollution are recognised as significant problems across the world, and changes in rainfall patterns arising as a consequence of climate change are likely to exacerbate these problems. This paper shares learning from a ground-breaking project led by CH2M for UK Water Industry Research and approaches used in other CH2M projects around the world. The UK project has explored the use of very high resolution (1.5 km) climate model output and climate analogues; other projects have used other methods to derive new design rainfall statistics commonly used in modelling wet weather collection systems for flooding and pollution investigations. Estimates of rainfall change have been used within collection system models to estimate the flooding and pollution impact of these changes. The methods applied in these projects can be replicated globally.

Biofouling by bryozoans, Cordylophora and sponges in UK water treatment works

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1815-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Mant ◽  
G. Moggridge ◽  
D. C. Aldridge
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Sponge Spicules ◽  
Water Companies ◽  
The Uk

In recent years biofouling from native (bryozoans, sponges) and non-native (Cordylophora) animals has increased in UK water treatment works (WTW). A survey of six UK water companies and eight WTWs revealed that these taxa were more widespread and abundant than previously recognised. Primary problems related to the occlusion of underfloor nozzles and tailpipes in rapid gravity filter beds (RGFs). These cost the UK water industry £1.49 m between 2005 and 2009. Additional impacts came from skin irritation to operatives from sponge spicules and the potential for elevated bacterial pathogen levels. Sponges penetrated the furthest through the water treatment process, reaching the point of final chlorination at one WTW. A monitoring plate study showed pronounced seasonality in fouling, with most taxa peaking in mid to late summer before a winter die-off. Control options, including the use of chlorine, and the importance of resistant stages for each taxon are discussed.

Reed bed treatment systems for sewage treatment in the United Kingdom - the first 10 years’ experience

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cooper ◽  
B. Green
Keyword(s):  
Root Zone ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Horizontal Flow ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Flow Systems ◽  
Group A ◽  
Reed Bed ◽  
The Uk

The UK Water Industry first became interested in Reed Bed Treatment Systems for sewage in 1985. Early problems were experienced with soil-based horizontal-flow systems of the Root Zone type. The problems were overcome by national co-ordination of a development programme and international co-operation by an EC Expert Contact Group. A number of different types of systems have now been developed and the systems are now being accepted. The paper reviews the development of these systems for secondary and tertiary treatment and nitrification and mentions development of systems for other forms of treatment. The design changes made to overcome the problems are described. These include the gradual move to the use of gravel-based systems because of the difficulty experienced with over-land flow in the soil systems. The sizing of the systems is described together with performance data for the original horizontal-flow and the more recently developed vertical-flow systems. Treatment at secondary and tertiary levels is illustrated and the potential for nitrification. Early problems with reed growth have been overcome by planting with port-grown seedlings. After 10 years the process is generally accepted by the Water Industry as an appropriate treatment for villages and there are now between 200 and 300 systems in operation.

Cryptosporidium removal during water treatment using dissolved air flotation

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hall ◽  
J. Pressdee ◽  
R. Gregory ◽  
K. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Dissolved Air Flotation ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Air Flotation ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Dissolved Air

The occurrence of the protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum in water supplies, and the resultant outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis in the UK and USA, have led to concern over the ability of conventional water treatment processes to remove Cryptosporidia from water sources. Large scale pilot plant trials of water treatment have been carried out in the UK to establish the degree of removal that can be achieved by a range of treatment processes, including dissolved air flotation, and to compare the performance of different treatment options. Results from part of these trials are presented in this paper. These results suggest that well operated chemical coagulation based treatment, using either dissolved air flotation or floc blanket clarification, should be capable of achieving removal of Cryptosporidium oocysts of over 99%. There was no evidence of differences in performance between the different types of filter media investigated. The risk of increased Cryptosporidium concentration in the filtered water will increase as filtrate turbidity increases. However, other factors such as high coagulant metal-ion concentration in the filtered water, or a sudden increase in clarified water turbidity, without any increase in filtered water turbidity, may also indicate treatment problems and associated risk from Cryptosporidia. Recycling of backwash waters may also increase the risk.

The Impact of International Collaboration on UK University—Industry Links

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 264-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Pike ◽  
David Charles
Keyword(s):  
International Collaboration ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Collaboration Networks ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
University Industry ◽  
International Collaborative Research ◽  
University Industry Linkages

The authors examine the impact of international collaborative research programmes on university—industry links in the UK, with particular reference to the relations involved in the European Union's Framework Programme research. The evidence presented in the paper suggests that international collaboration has generated benefits as well as significant costs for UK university—industry linkages. More importantly, it is argued that the alleged general convergence in university and industry research needs has been somewhat illusory in the UK due to the rationalization of its R&D activity. In addition, these tendencies have been supported to a degree by EU funding rules, the internationalization of UK universities and the ‘repeat’ nature of international collaboration networks. In conclusion, the authors suggest that many of the problems may be specific to the UK and that policies are needed to strengthen links between UK universities and industry within such collaborative projects.

Using Genetic Algorithms in the UK Water Industry

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Engelhardt ◽  
D. A. Savic ◽  
G. A. Walters
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
The Uk

22. Mergers (3): UK law

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Whish ◽  
David Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Merger Control ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Way

This chapter provides an overview of the UK system of merger control and explains the procedure of the Competition and Markets Authority (‘the CMA’) when determining whether a merger should be referred for an in-depth ‘Phase 2’ investigation and when deciding to accept ‘undertakings in lieu’ of a reference. It describes how Phase 2 investigations are conducted and discusses the way in which the CMA applies the ‘substantially lessening competition’ (‘SLC’) test in practice. It then explains the enforcement powers in the Enterprise Act 2002, including the remedies that the CMA can impose in merger cases, and discusses various supplementary matters, such as powers of investigation and enforcement. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the merger control provisions work in practice and provides a brief account of the provisions on public interest cases, other special cases and mergers in the water industry.

RCS and specialist associations respond to concerns over PIP breast implant

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
Matt Worrall ◽  
Matthew Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Breast Implant ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Expert Group ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
French Government ◽  
Surgical Devices ◽  
The Uk

In January heightened public concern over the safety of a brand of breast implant prompted much public debate about the regulation of surgical devices. The issue began with a decision from the French government to remove all implants for women who had concerns. This put pressure on the UK who established an expert group to look at the evidence, at which the RCS and specialty associations were represented.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document