Human impacts on hydrology in the Pantanal wetland of South America

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (11) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Ecological Structure ◽  
The Past ◽  
Influences Of Human Activities ◽  
And Function ◽  
Pantanal Wetland

Inundation patterns in the Pantanal remain in a relatively natural state, yet a number of significant human influences have occurred in the past, and there is potential for more severe human impacts as development of the region continues in the future. The objectives of this paper are 1) to briefly review the linkages between hydrology and ecological structure and function in the Pantanal; 2) to review some documented cases of historical influences of human activities on hydrology in the region; and 3) to consider potential future impacts, particularly in regard to the recently proposed navigation project known as the Paraguay-Paraná Waterway (or Hidrovía).

Osseointegration interface of calcified bone and endosseous implants

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1096-1097
Author(s):  
K.E. Krizan ◽  
J.E. Laffoon ◽  
M.J. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Titanium Implants ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Endosseous Implants ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
One Year ◽  
And Function

With increase use of tissue-integrated prostheses in recent years it is a goal to understand what is happening at the interface between haversion bone and bulk metal. This study uses electron microscopy (EM) techniques to establish parameters for osseointegration (structure and function between bone and nonload-carrying implants) in an animal model. In the past the interface has been evaluated extensively with light microscopy methods. Today researchers are using the EM for ultrastructural studies of the bone tissue and implant responses to an in vivo environment. Under general anesthesia nine adult mongrel dogs received three Brånemark (Nobelpharma) 3.75 × 7 mm titanium implants surgical placed in their left zygomatic arch. After a one year healing period the animals were injected with a routine bone marker (oxytetracycline), euthanized and perfused via aortic cannulation with 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer pH 7.2. Implants were retrieved en bloc, harvest radiographs made (Fig. 1), and routinely embedded in plastic. Tissue and implants were cut into 300 micron thick wafers, longitudinally to the implant with an Isomet saw and diamond wafering blade [Beuhler] until the center of the implant was reached.

scholarly journals The contribution of voltage clamp fluorometry to the understanding of channel and transporter mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 (10) ◽  
pp. 1163-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cowgill ◽  
Baron Chanda
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Clamp ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mechanistic Insight ◽  
Atomistic Models ◽  
Multiple Conformations ◽  
And Function

Key advances in single particle cryo-EM methods in the past decade have ushered in a resolution revolution in modern biology. The structures of many ion channels and transporters that were previously recalcitrant to crystallography have now been solved. Yet, despite having atomistic models of many complexes, some in multiple conformations, it has been challenging to glean mechanistic insight from these structures. To some extent this reflects our inability to unambiguously assign a given structure to a particular physiological state. One approach that may allow us to bridge this gap between structure and function is voltage clamp fluorometry (VCF). Using this technique, dynamic conformational changes can be measured while simultaneously monitoring the functional state of the channel or transporter. Many of the important papers that have used VCF to probe the gating mechanisms of channels and transporters have been published in the Journal of General Physiology. In this review, we provide an overview of the development of VCF and discuss some of the key problems that have been addressed using this approach. We end with a brief discussion of the outlook for this technique in the era of high-resolution structures.

scholarly journals The Dynamic of Pekarangan Selahuni 2 Homlet, Ciomas Rahayu Village, Bogor

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-373
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saddam Ali ◽  
Hadi Susilo Arifin ◽  
Nurhayati H.S. Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Average Area ◽  
The Past ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
And Function

Urbanization and fragmentation are the main factors causing dynamics in the pekarangan. The dynamics that occur are related to the structure and function of the pekarangan. This makes the pekarangan performance changes according to the interference of the pekarangan owner. Selahuni 2 Homlet, Ciomas Rahayu Village, Bogor has become the location for observing the dynamics of the past two decades. Pekarangan samples taken in 2019 are exactly the same as those taken in 1998 and 2007, totaling 10 houses. The aim is to determine the extent of changes that occur in the pekarangan, both structure and function. Measuring the area, ownership of the pekarangan, recording of species and function of the existing vegetation of the pekarangan. In 2019, data on ownership of houses and pekarangans by old owners dropped dramatically by only 40%. In 2019, the average pekarangan area will decrease by an average area of 110.81 m2. In 1998, 2007 and 2019, the percentage of the number of non-ornamental plant species was 4-10% higher than that of ornamental plants. Therefore, there was a change in both the extent and ownership, function and structure of the vegetation in the Selahuni 2 Homlet’s pekarangan which was caused by urbanization and fragmentation factors.

scholarly journals A Review of the Science of Colorful, Plant-Based Food and Practical Strategies for “Eating the Rainbow”

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanna M. Minich
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
And Function

Over the past decades, thousands of published studies have amassed supporting recommendations to consume fruits and vegetables for physiological and psychological health. Newer research has emerged to suggest that these plant-based foods contain a plethora of not only vitamins and minerals, but perhaps, most importantly, phytonutrients. These phytonutrients have known pleiotropic effects on cellular structure and function, ultimately resulting in the modulation of protein kinases and subsequent epigenetic modification in a manner that leads to improved outcomes. Even though eating fruits and vegetables is a well-known feature of a healthy dietary pattern, population intakes continue to be below federal recommendations. To encourage consumers to include fruits and vegetables into their diet, an “eat by color” approach is proposed in this review. Although each individual food may have numerous effects based on its constituents, the goal of this simplified approach was to identify general patterns of benefits based on the preponderance of scientific data and known mechanisms of food-based constituents. It is suggested that such a consumer-oriented categorization of these plant-based foods may lead to greater recognition of their importance in the daily diet throughout the lifespan. Other adjunctive strategies to heighten awareness of fruits and vegetables are discussed.

Progress in ultrastructural and molecular analysis of the nuclear matrix

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 508-509
Author(s):  
Edward G. Fey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nuclear Matrix ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Rna Transcription ◽  
Nuclear Matrix Proteins ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Function

In the past few years, considerable advances have been made regarding the structure and function of the nuclear matrix. In the first half of this presentation, the field of nuclear matrix research will be summarized. Emphasis will be placed on those studies where molecular interactions are demonstrated in situ utilizing high resolution light and/or electron microscopy. Studies demonstrating the role of the nuclear matrix in DNA synthesis and replication, RNA transcription and processing, and the binding of matrix attachment regions to specific nuclear matrix proteins will be summarized.

Common Misconceptions About Oral Pharyngeal Structure and Function

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Pannbacker
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Function ◽  
Common Misconceptions

Many of the concepts about oral pharyngeal structure and function which were acceptable in the past are now totally unacceptable. Although advances have been made, some clinicians continue to use information based on erroneous concepts in making management decisions. There are many reasons for considering these issues. Among them are: (a) the need for more reliable decisions about adequacy of the speech mechanism, and (b) the need for more adequate training.

scholarly journals Ecological structure and function in a restored versus natural salt marsh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0189871 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Rezek ◽  
Benoit Lebreton ◽  
Blair Sterba-Boatwright ◽  
Jennifer Beseres Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ecological Structure ◽  
And Function
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