Nutrient removal and microbial granulation in an anaerobic process treating inorganic and organic nitrogenous wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-H. Ahn ◽  
H.-C. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

The sustainable anaerobic nitrogen removal and microbial granulation were investigated by using a laboratory anaerobic granular sludge bed reactor, treating synthetic (inorganic and organic) wastewater and piggery waste. From inorganic synthetic wastewater, lithoautotrophic ammonium oxidation to nitrite/nitrate was observed by an addition of hydroxylamine. Also, the results revealed that the Anammox intermediates (particularly, hydrazine) contents in the substrate would be one of the important parameters for success of the anaerobic nitrogen removal process. The results from organic synthetic wastewater show that if the Anammox organism were not great enough in the startup of the process, denitritation and anaerobic ammonification would be a process prior to the Anammox reaction. The anaerobic ammonium removal from the piggery waste was performed successfully, probably due to the Anammox intermediates contained in the substrate. This reactor shows a complex performance including the Anammox reaction and HAP crystallization, as well as having partial denitritation occurring simultaneously. From the activity test, the maximum specific N conversion rate was 0.1 g NH4-N/g VSS/day (0.77 g T-N/g VSS/day), indicating that potential denitritation is quite high. The NO2-N/NH4-N ratio to Anammox is 1.17. The colour of the biomass treating the piggery waste changed from black to dark red. It was also observed that the red-colored granular sludge had a diameter of 1-2 mm. The settleability assessment of the granular sludge revealed that the granular sludge had a good settleability even though it was worse than that of seed granular sludge.

Treatment of Sugar Containing-Low Strength Wastewater at 20°C by Anaerobic Granular Sludge Bed Reactor

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Yoochatchaval ◽  
K. Kubota ◽  
T. Kawai ◽  
T. Yamaguchi ◽  
K. Syutsubo
Keyword(s):  
Stable Process ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Low Strength

To investigate the feasibility of anaerobic wastewater treatment technology for low strength sugar refinery wastewater (0.4 - 0.5 g COD/L), an 8.8 L volume of anaerobic granular sludge bed reactor was operated at 20°C for 400 days. The operation mode was combination of one pass flow (UASB, 50 min) and effluent-recirculation (EGSB, 10 min) mode. The aerobic down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor was installed as a post-treatment. During the started-up period, reactors were fed with synthetic wastewater at overall HRT of 3 hours (anaerobic 2 hours, aerobic 1 hour). After day 85, feed was changed to real wastewater together with supplement of nutrients, trace elements and NaHCO3. The sufficient COD removal efficiency (85% SD±6.2) and stable process performance were elicited from the granular sludge bed reactor.Also, post-treatment (DHS reactor) offered good quality of effluent (45 mg COD/L, 7 mg BOD/L) and it achieved the discharge standard. Increasing of sulfate concentration of wastewater caused higher contribution of sulfate reducing bacteria for COD removal. The sludge concentration and settleability were well maintained thoroughly. However, floatation of large size granule was observed in the later part of experiment. This phenomenon may attribute to the high growth yield of retained sludge at 20°C.

Assessment of Inocula and N-Removal Performance of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) for the Treatment of Aged Landfill Leachates

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2391-2398
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Gong Ming Zhou ◽  
Min Sheng Huang ◽  
Min Tong
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Process

Three kinds of seeding sludge, i.e. conventional activated sludge, anaerobic granular sludge and the nitrifying activated sludge from the nitritation reactor treating aged leachates were evaluated in batch mode to screen the optimized inoculum for the rapid start-up of ANAMMOX reactor. The feasibility of the ANAMMOX process for the treatment of aged leachates was also investigated in a modified upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB, 0.05m3). The batch experiments revealed that the nitrifying activated sludge from the nitritation reactor could respectively achieve the NRR (nitrogen removal rate) of 0.0365 kg N/(m3.d) and the ARR (ammonium removal rate) of 0.013 kg N/(m3.d) on day 12, which were greatly higher than those of the other two tested sludge samples. The mixture of the aforementioned nitrifying activated sludge and anaerobic granular sludge was established as an effective inoculum for the prompt start-up of ANAMMOX reactor. The maximum total nitrogen removal rate of 0.826 kg N/(m3.d) could be obtained for the treatment of “old” leachates under NLR (nitrogen loading rate) of 1.028 kg N/(m3.d). It is concluded that the N-removal performance of ANAMMOX process is still to be improved for actual engineering application to aged landfill leachates.

Kinetic study on nitrification of ammonium nitrogen-enriched synthetic wastewater using activated sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Roumi Bhattacharya ◽  
Debabrata Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Consecutive Reaction

Abstract Nitrification of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N)-bearing synthetic wastewater was performed in a batch-activated sludge reactor by varying the initial ammonium nitrogen concentration up to 400 mg/L at a pH of 8.1 ± 0.2 and temperature of 36 ± 2 °C for developing the process kinetics using acclimatised biomass. Maximum ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency of 98.3% was achieved with initial ammonium nitrogen and mixed liquor suspended solids concentration of 235 mg/L and 2,180 mg/L, respectively, at 48 h batch period. Based on the experimental results, kinetic constants for ammonia nitrogen removal following Monod's approach were obtained as maximum substrate removal rate coefficient = 0.057 per day, yield coefficient = 0.336 mg volatile suspended solids/mg ammonium nitrogen, half velocity constant = 12.95 mg NH4+-N/L and endogenous decay constant = 0.02 per day. Nitrification is a consecutive reaction with ammonium oxidation as the first step followed by nitrite oxidation. The overall rate of nitrite and nitrate formation was observed to be 1.44 per day and 0.34 per day, respectively.

scholarly journals Anaerobic granular sludge for simultaneous biomethanation of synthetic wastewater and CO with focus on the identification of CO-converting microorganisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhang Jing ◽  
Stefano Campanaro ◽  
Panagiotis Kougias ◽  
Laura Treu ◽  
Irini Angelidaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge

Single-disc investigations on nitrogen removal of higher loads in sequencing batch and continuously operated RDR systems

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lindemann ◽  
U. Wiesmann
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxidation Rate ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Nitrite Oxidation ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
First Results

Nitrification of ammonium-rich synthetic wastewater was studied in a continuously operated rotating disc reactor (RDR) with additional aeration. For a wastewater with 500 mg L−1 NH4−N a nearly complete oxidation to nitrate could be demonstrated for a hydraulic residence time of 27 h (HRT). The reactor was nearly completely mixed. Nevertheless, the biofilm covering the first discs was remarkably thicker than that of the last discs. In order to study the bioactivity of selected discs, single-disc reactors were used. The determined ammonium oxidation rate was nearly independent of the thickness and location of the disc. In contrast, the nitrite oxidation rate increased from the first to the last discs. Some results from experiments on nitrogen removal in sequencing batch single-disc reactors (SBSDR) are discussed. The SBSDR was operated with 2 phases, a partially submerged phase for nitrification and a completely submerged anoxic phase in which acetate was added for denitrification. It was advantageous to operate without additional aeration and thus produce more nitrite and saving carbon and energy. First results of the treatment of a synthetic wastewater with a C:N ratio of 1 in a 5-phase SBBR process providing 2 nitrification, 2 anoxic and a final aerobic post-treatment phase showed average specific rates.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal performance using anaerobic ammonium oxidation considering variable conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 003685042110334
Author(s):  
Junmin Wang ◽  
Lei Fu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Stoichiometric Ratio ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The anaerobic nitrogen removal performance of anammox at 30°C, 25°C, and 16°C were studied by using the UASB (Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor and the influent concentration of NH4+-N and NO2−-N were 16.9 and 20.6 mg L−1 respectively. Experimental results showed that high-efficiency anammox nitrogen removal could be achieved at 30°C, when hydraulic retention time (HRT) was 0.14 h, the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was 5.73 kg N m−3 d−1. The anammox reactor operated stably for more than 80 days under the condition of 16°C–20°C, and the high NRR of 2.78 kg N m−3 d−1 was obtained. In this experiment, DO had little effect on the activity of anammox granular sludge, and the nitrogen removal performance could be quickly recovered in a short period of time after being affected by DO. Moreover, the stoichiometric ratio of NO2−-N and NH4+-N consumption (ΔNO2−-N/ΔNH4+-N) and the stoichiometric ratio of NO3−-N production and NH4+-N conversion (ΔNO3−-N/ΔNH4+-N) were 1.21 ± 0.11and 0.25 ± 0.06 respectively at 30°C, which were very close to the theoretical value, it indicated that anammox bacteria were the dominant bacteria at 30°C.

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