Kinetic study on nitrification of ammonium nitrogen-enriched synthetic wastewater using activated sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Roumi Bhattacharya ◽  
Debabrata Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Consecutive Reaction

Abstract Nitrification of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N)-bearing synthetic wastewater was performed in a batch-activated sludge reactor by varying the initial ammonium nitrogen concentration up to 400 mg/L at a pH of 8.1 ± 0.2 and temperature of 36 ± 2 °C for developing the process kinetics using acclimatised biomass. Maximum ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency of 98.3% was achieved with initial ammonium nitrogen and mixed liquor suspended solids concentration of 235 mg/L and 2,180 mg/L, respectively, at 48 h batch period. Based on the experimental results, kinetic constants for ammonia nitrogen removal following Monod's approach were obtained as maximum substrate removal rate coefficient = 0.057 per day, yield coefficient = 0.336 mg volatile suspended solids/mg ammonium nitrogen, half velocity constant = 12.95 mg NH4+-N/L and endogenous decay constant = 0.02 per day. Nitrification is a consecutive reaction with ammonium oxidation as the first step followed by nitrite oxidation. The overall rate of nitrite and nitrate formation was observed to be 1.44 per day and 0.34 per day, respectively.

High-Concentration Nitrogen Removal by Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
Tao Hong Liao ◽  
Kang Huai Liu ◽  
Jia Chun Yang ◽  
Kenji Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Total Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Load Rate

This experiment aimed to explore the effect of high- concentration nitrogen removal by Anaerobic ammonium oxidation process. The mixed liquor suspended solid(MLSS)was 510 mg/L. In the beginning of the experiment, the inflow concentration rate of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen was about 1:1.3 and the total nitrogen concentration was low. When the reactor reached the ideal treatment effect then gradually increased the total nitrogen concentration, until reaching the maximum nitrogen load rate(NLR) of the reactor. In the temperature of 34.4 °C, PH was 7.23, the inflow concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 223.3 mg. N/L, the inflow concentration nitrite nitrogen was 289.7 mg. N/L, the dissolved oxygen (DO) was 2.3 mg. N/L, the nitrogen load rate (NLR) was 6.08 kg. N / (m3. d), the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was 5.60 kg. N / (m3. d), the total nitrogen (TN) removal rate was 92.2%, under this conditions, the reactor achieved the best effect.

Synergistic Nitrogen Removal by Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation-Denitrification Integrated Reactor of Immobilized Microbe

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 949-953
Author(s):  
Zheng Wen Huang ◽  
Yong Gang Zeng ◽  
Bo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Good State ◽  
High Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Mass Concentrations

The upflow anaerobic immobilized microbe reactor of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process (ANAMMOX) was used in treatment of high nitrogen concentration organic wastewater, which was made to study the effect of synergistic nitrogen removal by ANAMMOX–denitrification. The experimental results showed that the mass concentrations of NH4+-N and NO － 2-N in the influent had no obvious influence on the synergistic nitrogen removal in opportune range. When the mass concentrations of NH4+-N and NO－2-N in the influent were kept at 301-800 mg/L, the removal rates of NH4+-N, NO－2-N and TN were 93.3 %, 98.6 % and 90.3 % respectively. When the influent COD was kept at 800-850 mg/L, COD had almost no influence on the synergistic nitrogen removal, and the removal rate kept at 95.7％. Meanwhile, the characteristic changes of NO－3-N, N2, pH value and organism proved that the synergism was in a good state. Introduction

Enhanced nitrogen removal in SBRs bypassing nitrate generation accomplished by multiple aerobic/anoxic phase pairs

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.N. Katsogiannis ◽  
M. Kornaros ◽  
G. Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Reactor Operation ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizers

A lab-scale SBR was used for the study of nitrogen removal from a synthetic wastewater with an ammonium-nitrogen concentration of 50 mg/L. The react phase of the reactor operation was divided into three sets of consecutive aerobic and anoxic periods with a duration ratio of 1:3 (20 min aerobic and 1 h anoxic phase). Under these operating conditions, nitrogen removal was achieved via nitrite i.e. no nitratification (oxidation of nitrite to nitrate) and hence no denitratification (reduction of nitrate to nitrite) was taking place in the aerobic and anoxic phase, respectively. This was attributed to the suppression of the nitrite-oxidizers activity due to the short aerobic phase duration. This presumption was supported by the ever decreasing amount of nitrate-nitrogen generated in the react phase during the transient, even when the activated sludge of the reactor was supplemented with additional nitrite-oxidizers. On the other hand, denitrification was mainly based on stored carbon sources, as long as the organic carbon (provided in the form of acetate) was never accumulated during the anoxic/anaerobic fill phase of the reactor operation.

Excess nitrogen accumulation in activated sludge in sequencing batch reactor with a single-stage oxic process

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-ming Li ◽  
Dong-bo Wang ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Jian-bin Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Excess Nitrogen

It was occasionally found that a significant nitrogen loss in solution under neutral pH value in a sequencing batch reactor with a single-stage oxic process using synthetic wastewater, and then further studies were to verify the phenomenon of nitrogen loss and to investigate the pathway of nitrogen removal. The result showed that good performance of nitrogen removal was obtained in system. 0–7.28 mg L−1 ammonia, 0.08–0.38 mg L−1 nitrite and 0.94–2.12 mg L−1 nitrate were determined in effluent, respectively, when 29.85–35.65 mg L−1 ammonia was feeding as the sole nitrogen source in influent. Furthermore, a substantial nitrogen loss in solution (95% of nitrogen influent) coupled with a little gaseous nitrogen increase in off-gas (7% of nitrogen influent) was determined during a typical aerobic phase. In addition, about 322 mg nitrogen accumulation (84% of nitrogen influent) was detected in activated sludge. Based on nitrogen mass balance calculation, the unaccounted nitrogen fraction and the ratio of nitrogen accumulation in sludge/nitrogen loss in solution were 14.6 mg (3.7% of nitrogen influent) and 0.89, respectively. The facts indicated that the essential pathway of nitrogen loss in solution in this study was excess nitrogen accumulation in activated sludge.

scholarly journals Anammox biofilm process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini ◽  
Puti Sri Komala ◽  
Arief Almi
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) biofilm process commonly uses various inorganic carriers to enhance nitrogen removal under anaerobic conditions. This study aims to analyze the performance of nitrogen removal in anammox process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier. The experiment was carried out by using an up‐flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for treating artificial wastewater at room temperature. The reactor was fed with ammonium and nitrite with the concentrations of 70‐150 mg–N/L and variations in the hydraulic retention time of 24 and 12 h. The granular anammox belongs to the genus Candidatus Brocadia sinica that was added as an inoculum of the reactor operation. The experimental stoichiometric of anammox for ΔNO2‐–N: ΔNH4+–N and ΔNO3‐: ΔNH4+ were 1.24 and 0.18, respectively, which is similar to anammox stoichiometry. The maximum Nitrogen Removal Rate (NRR) has achieved 0.29 kg–N/m3.d at Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) 0.6 kg–N/m3.d. The highest ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) and nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) were 88% and 85%, respectively. Based on this results, it indicated that sugarcane bagasse as organic carriers could increase the amount of total nitrogen removal by provided of denitrification process but inhibited the anammox process at a certain COD concentration.

scholarly journals In Situ Nutrient Removal from Rural Runoff by A New Type Aerobic/Anaerobic/Aerobic Water Spinach Wetlands

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Wang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
You Wu ◽  
Yun Cai ◽  
Hai-Liang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
New Type ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification

Rural runoff with abundant nutrients has become a great threat to aquatic environment. Hence, more and more attention has been focused on nutrients removal. In this study, an improved aerobic/anaerobic/aerobic three-stage water spinach constructed wetland (O-A-O-CW) was used to improve the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus of rural runoff. The removal rate of the target pollutants in O-A-O-CW was compared with the common matrix flow wetland as well as the no-plant wetland. The results showed that the O-A-O-CW significantly increased the chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate, and total nitrogen removal rate, and the corresponding removal rate was 55.85%, 81.70%, 76.64%, 89.78%, and 67.68%, respectively. Moreover, the best hydraulic condition of the wetland, including hydraulic retention time and hydraulic loading, was determined, which were 2 days and 0.45 m3·m−2·day−1, respectively. Furthermore, the removal mechanism of the constructed wetland was thoroughly studied, which included the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by the matrix and water spinach, and the nitrification and denitrification by the bacteria. The results demonstrated that the mechanisms of nitrogen removal in the new type wetland were principally by the nitrification and denitrification process. Additionally, adsorption and precipitation by the matrix are mainly responsible for phosphorus removal. These results suggested that the new O-A-O-CW can efficiently removal nutrients and enhance the water quality of the rural runoff.

Improving nitrogen removal in predenitrification-nitrification biofilters

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Larrea ◽  
A. Abad ◽  
J. Gayarre
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

The effect on NH4-N removal rates in nitrification biofilters of filtered biodegradable COD and particulate COD leaving predenitrification biofilters was studied in a lab scale plant configured with the separated system of biofilters for secondary nitrogen removal from urban wastewaters. Applying a typical COD load of 11 kg/m3.day to the predenitrification biofilter and maximizing its COD removal by adding nitrates or by operating an improved control of the internal recycle, only 60% removal of filtered biodegradable COD was found. This value corresponds to the complete removal of the readily biodegradable substrate (30% of influent filtered COD) and 36% of filtered slowly biodegradable substrate (50% of influent COD). The remaining 64% of the latter entered the nitrification biofilter, causing competition between heterotrophs and nitrifiers for dissolved oxygen in the inner layers of the biofilm. Consequently the nitrification rate had relatively low values (0.5 kgN/m3.d) at 14°C despite using dissolved oxygen levels of 6 mg/l. This behaviour may explain the lower nitrification rates obtained in some cases of nitrification biofilters compared to those in tertiary nitrification after activated sludge processes. The particulate COD entering the nitrification biofilter is associated with the suspended solids leaving the denitrification biofilter which are adsorbed by the external layers of the biofilm, increasing its thickness. The activity of the nitrifiers was affected because of a lack of oxygen when the thickness was left to grow considerably. Therefore no significant particulate COD effect is expected to occur as long as backwashing is carried out with the appropriate frequency.

High nitrogen removal rate using ANAMMOX process at short hydraulic retention time

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Casagrande ◽  
A. Kunz ◽  
M. C. De Prá ◽  
C. R. Bressan ◽  
H. M. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Column Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is a chemolithoautotrophic process, which converts NH4+ to N2 using nitrite (NO2−) as the electron acceptor. This process has very high nitrogen removal rates (NRRs) and is an alternative to classical nitrification/denitrification wastewater treatment. In the present work, a strategy for nitrogen removal using ANAMMOX process was tested evaluating their performance when submitted to high loading rates and very short hydraulic retention times (HRTs). An up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor was inoculated with 30% biomass (v v−1) fed from 100 to 200 mg L−1 of total N (NO2−-N + NH4+-N) at 35 °C. After start-up and process stability the maximum NRR in the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was 18.3 g-N L−1 d−1 operated at 0.2 h of HRT. FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) analysis and process stoichiometry confirmed that ANAMMOX was the prevalent process for nitrogen removal during the experiments. The results point out that high NRRs can be obtained at very short HRTs using up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor configuration.

scholarly journals Biological Treatment Of Simulated Humic Acid Wasre Water In A Laboratory Scale Aerobic Reactor

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Yunardi Yunardi
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration

A laboratory study was  conducted to determine the feasibility of activated sludge reactor for treating humic acid waste waterand examine the effect of the presence of glucose as the second carbon source on treatment performance. Activated sludge obtained from a waste water treatment plant treating domestic wastewater was used as a seed for reactors. Synthetic wastewater containing humid acid as the sole carbon source and glucose as the second carbon source were used as feeds for the reactors operated in a fill-and-draw mode. The result showed  tht the presence of glucose in the wastewater enhanced the production of higher MLSS (mixed liquor suspended solids) than that without of glucose. The TOC (Total Organic Carbon) concentration in both reactors fluctuated greatly until the end of the experiment due to inability of keeping the input TOC at desired level. However the decrease in TOC suggested that there are some microorganisms capable of degrading the humic acid. Addition of glucose to the simulated humic acid wastewater improved the capability of microbes in degrading the acids. Most ammonium nitrogen in the wastewater was converted to nitrate nitrogen. Although the performance was lower compared to that of conventional system, activated sludge process was capable of degrading wastewater containing humic acids.Keywords : activated sludge, ammonium nitrogen, fill and draw, glucose, humic acid, wastewater

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