Nitrogen removal from piggery waste with anaerobic pretreatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.-H. Kim ◽  
E. Choi ◽  
Z. Yun ◽  
S.-W. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Nitrification Rate ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Pass Rates ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Reactor Temperature ◽  
Anaerobic Pretreatment

Aerobic degradation of high strength piggery waste elevated the reactor temperature inhibiting nitrification. This study included anaerobic pretreatment with various influent by-pass rates to control the temperature and to minimize the external carbon requirement for denitrification. To find the optimum operating conditions, both lab-scale AnSBR (anaerobic sequencing batch reactor) and Ax/Ox (anoxic/oxic) SBR were operated at 35°C. The heat energy released from Ax/Ox SBR was assumed to be used for heating the AnSBR, with which the Ax/Ox reactor temperature could successfully be controlled below 40°C. The optimum rates of by-pass were 1.0 for winter, 0.4 for spring/fall and 0.2Ð0.4 for summer, respectively. Applying the correction factors for the measured AUR2 (nitrite nitrification rate) and AUR (nitrate nitrification) at the predicted temperatures, the required oxic HRTs were computed. The required Ax/Ox HRT ratios were respectively 0.5 for COD/TKN>8, 1.0 for COD/TKN ratio of 5.5-8 and 3.5 for below 5.5. The optimum HRTs were 16 days for AnSBR and 17 days for Ax/Ox SBR with the corrected AUR2.

Derivation of optimum operating conditions for the slow pyrolysis of Mahua press seed cake in a fixed bed batch reactor for bio–oil production

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 4051-4063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotaiah Naik Dhanavath ◽  
Kalpit Shah ◽  
Satyavathi Bankupalli ◽  
Suresh K. Bhargava ◽  
Rajarathinam Parthasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals A Multi-Response Optimization for Isomerization of light Naphtha

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 3921-3933
Keyword(s):  
Octane Number ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Isomerization Process ◽  
Response Optimization ◽  
Reactor Temperature ◽  
Benzene Content

Isomerization process is considered one of the main processes used to produce high octane rating gasoline with improved environmental conditions and less emissions. The main keys of performance in isomerization units are the product yield, paraffin isomerization number (PIN) and octane number (RON). In this article we present a multi-response optimization strategy for an industrial naphtha continuous isomerization-process that aims to maximize RON, PIN and yield. Data of 53-runs including feed compositions as well as operating conditions; reactor temperature, benzene content, liquid hour space velocity, feed PIN, hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratio, feed octane number, C7+ content, inlet reactor temperature and iC5/C5P ratio are collected from a refinery company over a period of two months to test the effect of each variable and their interaction over each response individually using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Model reduction is applied for the three models in order to exclude any insignificant data and improve the model’s accuracy. Finally, the optimum operating conditions for the process are selected using numerical optimization in Design Expert 11 by comparing with the real industrial data runs to give the maximum yield, PIN and RON which are 99.992, 122 and 86 respectively. Benzene content is selected to be 1.807 wt%, reactor temperature;143oC, LHSV; 0.882 h-1 , feed PIN; 64.611, H2 /HC; 0.07, feed RON; 74.408, C7+; 4.06 wt%, inlet reactor temperature; 116oC and iC5/C5P ratio 45.768.

Biogas production in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor by using tequila vinasses: effect of pH and temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Arreola-Vargas ◽  
N. E. Jaramillo-Gante ◽  
L. B. Celis ◽  
R. I. Corona-González ◽  
V. González-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Tequila Vinasses

In recent years, anaerobic digestion has been recognized as a suitable alternative for tequila vinasses treatment due to its high energy recovery and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency. However, key factors such as the lack of suitable monitoring schemes and the presence of load disturbances, which may induce unstable operating conditions in continuous systems, have limited its application at full scale. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (AnSBR) configuration in order to provide a low cost and easy operation alternative for the treatment of these complex effluents. In particular, the AnSBR was evaluated under different pH–temperature combinations: 7 and 32 °C; 7 and 38 °C; 8 and 32 °C and 8 and 38 °C. Results showed that the AnSBR configuration was able to achieve high COD removal efficiencies (around 85%) for all the tested conditions, while the highest methane yield was obtained at pH 7 and 38 °C (0.29 L/g COD added). Furthermore, high robustness was found in all the AnSBR experiments. Therefore, the full-scale application of the AnSBR technology for the treatment of tequila vinasses is quite encouraging, in particular for small and medium size tequila industries that operate under seasonal conditions.

Biologic removal of sulfate from acid mine drainage in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor: Temperature and inoculum origin effects on the startup operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 101349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiel Martins Costa ◽  
Lívia Martins Verola ◽  
Juliana Kawanishi Braga ◽  
Renata Piacentini Rodriguez ◽  
Giselle Patrícia Sancinetti
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Reactor Temperature ◽  
Origin Effects

scholarly journals Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of polystyrene in batch and semi-batch reactors: A comparative study

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2093674
Author(s):  
Amer Inayat ◽  
Katerina Klemencova ◽  
Barbora Grycova ◽  
Barbora Sokolova ◽  
Pavel Lestinsky
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Reactor Type

Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis is considered as a promising process for the chemical recycling of waste polymeric materials aiming at converting them into their original monomers or other valuable chemicals. In this regard, process parameters and reactor type can play important roles for an enhanced recovery of the desired products. Polystyrene (PS) wastes are excellent feedstocks for the chemical recycling owing to the capability of PS to be fully recycled. In this respect, the present work deals with the thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of PS in batch and semi-batch reactor setups. The main goal was to perform a comprehensive study on the depolymerisation of PS, thereby investigating the effect of reactor type, catalyst arrangement, feed to catalyst ratio and residence time on the yields of oil and styrene monomer (SM). A further goal was to identify the optimum operating conditions as well as reactor type for an enhanced recovery of oil and SM. It was demonstrated that the semi-batch reactor outperformed the batch reactor in terms of oil and SM yields in both thermal (non-catalytic) and catalytic tests performed at 400°C. Furthermore, it was shown that the layered arrangement of catalyst (catalyst separated from PS) produced a higher amount of oil with higher selectivity for SM as compared to the mixed arrangement (catalyst mixed with PS). Moreover, the effect of carrier gas flowrate on the product distribution was presented.

scholarly journals Treatment of winery wastewater by an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ruíz ◽  
M. Torrijos ◽  
P. Sousbie ◽  
J. Lebrato Martínez ◽  
R. Moletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor

Treatment of winery wastewater was investigated using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). Biogas production rate was monitored and permitted the automation of the bioreactor by a simple control system. The reactor was operated at an organic loading rate (ORL) around 8.6 gCOD/L.d with soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency greater than 98%, hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.2 d and a specific organic loading rate (SOLR) of 0.96 gCOD/gVSS.d. The kinetics of COD and VFA removal were investigated for winery wastewater and for simple compounds such as ethanol, which is a major component of winery effluent, and acetate, which is the main volatile fatty acid (VFA) produced. The comparison of the profiles obtained with the 3 substrates shows that, overall, the acidification of the organic matter and the methanisation of the VFA follow zero order reactions, in the operating conditions of our study. The effect on the gas production rate resulted in two level periods separated by a sharp break when the acidification stage was finished and only the breaking down of the VFA continued.

Classical Fenton and Sequencing Batch Reactor Treatment of Pesticide Wastewater

2020 ◽  
pp. 373-403
Author(s):  
Augustine Chioma Affam ◽  
Ezerie Henry Ezechi ◽  
Malay Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Pseudo First Order

This chapter examined Fenton and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treatment of pesticide industrial wastewater. The optimum operating conditions for Fenton pretreatment of the pesticide wastewater were H2O2/COD molar ratio 3.0, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio 10, pH 3 and reaction time 60 min. The COD and TOC removal were 58.51 and 39.76%, respectively and biodegradability (BOD5/COD ratio) increased from 0.02 to ~ 0.30 after 60 min reaction time. The reaction followed pseudo-first order kinetics with a rate constant (k) of 0.0083 min−1. In the post-treatment by aerobic SBR, five different Fenton operating conditions were investigated and H2O2/COD molar ratio 3.0, H2O2/Fe2+ molar ratio 25, pH 3 and reaction time 60 min appeared to be the most significant (p < 0.05) operating conditions. The Fenton–SBR treatment at 12 hr HRT achieved COD, TOC and BOD5 removal efficiency of 96.7, 97.7 and 93.3%, respectively. The Fenton-SBR process was effective for the treatment of pesticide wastewater.

Dynamics of phosphorus and organic substrates in anaerobic and aerobic phases of a sequencing batch reactor

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Carucci ◽  
M. Majone ◽  
R. Ramadori ◽  
S. Rossetti
Keyword(s):  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Organic Substrate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Substrate Uptake ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Polyphosphate Metabolism

This paper describes a lab-scale experimentation carried out to study enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The synthetic feed used was based on peptone and glucose as organic substrate to simulate the readily biodegradable fraction of a municipal wastewater (Wentzel et al., 1991). The experimental work was divided into two runs, each characterized by different operating conditions. The phosphorus removal efficiency was considerably higher in the absence of competition for organic substrate between P-accumulating and denitrifying bacteria. The activated sludge consisted mainly of peculiar microorganisms recently described by Cech and Hartman (1990) and called “G bacteria”. The results obtained seem to be inconsistent with the general assumption that the G bacteria are characterized by anaerobic substrate uptake not connected with any polyphosphate metabolism. Supplementary anaerobic batch tests utilizing glucose, peptone and acetate as organic substrates show that the role of acetate in the biochemical mechanisms promoting EBPR may not be so essential as it has been assumed till now.

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