scholarly journals Resuscitation of starved suspended- and attached-growth anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria with and without acetate

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supaporn Phanwilai ◽  
Chalermraj Wantawin ◽  
Akihiko Terada ◽  
Pongsak (Lek) Noophan ◽  
Junko Munakata-Marr
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Suspended Growth

Anammox application for nutrient removal from wastewater is increasing, though questions remain about anammox resilience to fluctuating conditions. Resuscitation of anammox suspended- and attached-growth cultures after 3 months of starvation was studied with and without acetate dosing. Without acetate, the attached-growth culture recovered more quickly than the suspended-growth culture. Suspended-growth cultures recovered more quickly (within 60 days) with weekly and daily acetate dosing than without, but anammox activity and copy numbers decreased with continued acetate addition. All attached-growth cultures recovered within 60 days, but after that activity with acetate dosing was consistently at least 20% lower than that without acetate addition. Ca. Jettenia caeni, Ca. Anammoxoglobus sp., Ca. Brocadia fulgida, Ca. Brocadia anammoxidans, Ca. Brocadia fulgida and Ca. Jettenia asiatica were identified. Acetate addition can significantly accelerate short-term resuscitation of enriched anammox suspended-growth cultures after starvation but may reduce anammox activity over the longer term in suspended- and attached-growth cultures.

Experience with nutrient removal in a fixed-film system at full-scale wastewater treatment plants

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibeke R. Borregaard
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Total N ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
On Line

In the upgrade of wastewater treatment plants to include biological nutrient removal the space available is often a limiting facor. It may be difficult to use conventional suspended growth processes (i.e. activated sludge) owing to the relatively large surface area required for these processes. Recent years have therefore seen a revived interest in treatment technologies using various types of attached growth processes. The “new” attached growth processes, like the Biostyr process, utilise various kinds of manufactured media, e.g. polystyrene granules, which offer a high specific surface area, and are therefore very compact. The Biostyr plants allow a combination of nitrification-denitrification and filtration in one and the same unit. The results obtained are 8 mg total N/l and an SS content normally below 10 mg/l. The plants in Denmark which have been extended with a Biostyr unit have various levels of PLC control and on-line instrumentation.

Attached versus Suspended Growth Anaerobic Reactors: Response to Toxic Substances

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 261-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
G F Parkin ◽  
R E Speece
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Growth System

Anaerobic methane fermentation has significant potential for treatment of industrial wastewaters. Application of the process has been limited, due in part to the belief that the process cannot tolerate chronic and transient toxicity inherent in many industrial wastewaters. Experiments with cyanide, chloroform, formaldehyde, ammonium, nickel and sulfide have shown that the methanogens have the ability to recover from and acclimate to relatively high concentrations of toxicants. The key is proper attention to solids retention time. Of the two general reactor types used in biological waste treatment, attached growth systems offer two major potential advantages over suspended growth systems for treating wastewaters containing toxicants: (1) higher inherent solids retention times at relatively low hydraulic retention times and (2) the potential for a quasi plug-flow hydraulic regime that allows rapid elution of toxicants. For transient toxicity, the ability of a plug-flow, attached growth system to rapidly elute toxicants resulted in dramatically reduced down times when compared to a complete-mix, suspended growth system. For chronic toxicity, the solids retention capability of attached growth systems allows for acclimation to occur prior to washout of active biomass. Effluent recycle to plug-flow, attached growth systems should allow for more gradual exposure to chronic toxicity, thus maximizing acclimation potential.

The short- and long-term inhibitory effects of Fe (II) on anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) process

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 1860-1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherh Yih Mak ◽  
Jih Gaw Lin ◽  
Wen Hsing Chen ◽  
Choon Aun Ng ◽  
Mohammed J. K. Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Substrate Inhibition ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Batch Test ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract The application of the anammox process has great potential in treating nitrogen-rich wastewater. The presence of Fe (II) is expected to affect the growth and activity of anammox bacteria. Short-term (acute) and long-term effects (chronic) of Fe (II) on anammox activity were investigated. In the short-term study, results demonstrated that the optimum concentration of Fe (II) that could be added to anammox is 0.08 mM, at which specific anammox activity (SAA) improved by 60% compared to the control assay, 0.00 mM. The inhibition concentration, IC50, of Fe (II) was found to be 0.192 mM. Kinetics of anammox specific growth rate were estimated based on results of the batch test and evaluated with Han-Levenspiel's substrate inhibition kinetics model. The optimum concentration and IC50 of Fe (II) predicted by the Han-Levenspiel model was similar to the batch test, with values of 0.07 mM and 0.20 mM, respectively. The long-term effect of Fe (II) on the performance of a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was evaluated. Results showed that an appropriate Fe (II) addition enhanced anammox activity, achieving 85% NH4+-N and 96% NO2−-N removal efficiency when 0.08 mM of Fe (II) was added. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was adopted to detect and identify the anammox bacteria.

Performance and Microbial Characteristics of a Hybrid Biological Reactor Treating Industrial Wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 485 ◽  
pp. 438-441
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Xian Li Li ◽  
Min Ji ◽  
Yu Kun Ma
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Cloning And Sequencing ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Microbial Characteristics ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Polymerase Chain

To reveal the succession procedure of microbial community in hybrid biological reactor (HBR), the molecular biological techniques of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), cloning and sequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were applied. PCR-DGGE results showed that the microbial community accumulated in both suspended-growth and attached-growth biomasses. Proteobacteria was found to be the dominant genera of bacteria in the sludge. Denitrifying bacteria was found accumulated in the biofilms. FISH results showed that there were more nitrifying bacteria in the suspended-growth biomass than the attached-growth biomass, but less denitrifying bacteria in the former biomass.

scholarly journals Lysozyme and Penicillin Inhibit the Growth of Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidizing Planctomycetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (24) ◽  
pp. 7763-7769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziye Hu ◽  
Theo van Alen ◽  
Mike S. M. Jetten ◽  
Boran Kartal
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genome Data ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Anammox Activity

ABSTRACTAnaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) planctomycetes oxidize ammonium in the absence of molecular oxygen with nitrite as the electron acceptor. Although planctomycetes are generally assumed to lack peptidoglycan in their cell walls, recent genome data imply that the anammox bacteria have the genes necessary to synthesize peptidoglycan-like cell wall structures. In this study, we investigated the effects of two antibacterial agents that target the integrity and synthesis of peptidoglycan (lysozyme and penicillin G) on the anammox bacteriumKuenenia stuttgartiensis. The effects of these compounds were determined in both short-term batch incubations and long-term (continuous-cultivation) growth experiments in membrane bioreactors. Lysozyme at 1 g/liter (20 mM EDTA) lysed anammox cells in less than 60 min, whereas penicillin G did not have any observable short-term effects on anammox activity. Penicillin G (0.5, 1, and 5 g/liter) reversibly inhibited the growth of anammox bacteria in continuous-culture experiments. Furthermore, transcriptome analyses of the penicillin G-treated reactor and the control reactor revealed that penicillin G treatment resulted in a 10-fold decrease in the ribosome levels of the cells. One of the cell division proteins (Kustd1438) was downregulated 25-fold. Our results suggested that anammox bacteria contain peptidoglycan-like components in their cell wall that can be targeted by lysozyme and penicillin G-sensitive proteins were involved in their synthesis. Finally, we showed that a continuous membrane reactor system with free-living planktonic cells was a very powerful tool to study the physiology of slow-growing microorganisms under physiological conditions.

scholarly journals Kinetics of Nutrient Removal in an Integrated Suspended Growth Reactor

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najib Mohammed Yahya Almahbashi ◽  
◽  
Shamsul Rahman Mohamed Kutty ◽  
Yee Ching Chua ◽  
Abdulkadir Taofeeq Sholagberu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Suspended Growth ◽  
Kinetics Of
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