scholarly journals Enhancing stormwater sediment settling at detention pond inlets by a bottom grid structure (BGS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-282
Author(s):  
Ivan Milovanović ◽  
Vojtěch Bareš ◽  
Annelie Hedström ◽  
Inga Herrmann ◽  
Tomas Picek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Resuspension ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Cross Wall ◽  
Grid Structure ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Detention Ponds ◽  
Small Influence ◽  
Design And Testing

Abstract Stormwater sediments of various sizes and densities are recognised as one of the most important stormwater quality parameters that can be conventionally controlled by settling in detention ponds. The bottom grid structure (BGS) is an innovative concept proposed in this study to enhance removal of stormwater sediments entering ponds and reduce sediment resuspension. This concept was studied in a hydraulic scale model with the objective of elucidating the effects of the BGS geometry on stormwater sediment trapping. Towards this end, the BGS cell size and depth, and the cell cross-wall angle were varied for a range of flow rates, and the sediment trapping efficiency was measured in the model. The main value of the observed sediment trapping efficiencies, in the range from 13 to 55%, was a comparative assessment of various BGS designs. In general, larger cells (footprint 10 × 10 cm) were more effective than the smaller cells (5 × 5 cm), the cell depth exerted small influence on sediment trapping, and the cells with inclined cross-walls proved more effective in sediment trapping than the vertical cross-walls. However, the BGS with inclined cross-walls would be harder to maintain. Future studies should address an optimal cell design and testing in an actual stormwater pond.

scholarly journals Review and improvement of conventional models for reservoir sediment trapping efficiency

Heliyon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. e02458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangming Tan ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Jinyun Deng ◽  
Quanxi Xu ◽  
Rouxin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Reservoir Sediment ◽  
Conventional Models

Design and testing of integrated Bragg grating sensor systems for advanced grid structure

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataro Amano ◽  
Tadahito Mizutani ◽  
Yoji Okabe ◽  
Nobuo Takeda ◽  
Tsuyoshi Ozaki
Keyword(s):  
Bragg Grating ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Grid Structure ◽  
Bragg Grating Sensor ◽  
Design And Testing

Design and Testing of an Airbag System for High-Mass, High-Velocity Deceleration

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Snyder ◽  
J. Sitter ◽  
J. N. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Small Scale Model ◽  
The Ideal

The design and performance evaluation of an airbag system capable of decelerating masses in the range of hundreds to thousands of kilograms with impact velocities in the range of tens to hundreds of kilometers per hour is presented. First, a simplified incompressible flow analysis of the airbag is utilized to derive the orifice venting area corresponding to the ideal deceleration for a given impact velocity and package mass. Second, testing with a small-scale model found three distinct control intervals during the deceleration. Finally, a full-scale airbag system was constructed and data is presented on the deceleration, deceleration force, deceleration velocity, airbag stopping power, and overall performance. The deceleration was experimentally optimized for a single impact velocity and package mass and an approximate correction factor was developed to predict the actual air venting required for each of the three control intervals in order to achieve the optimum deceleration for any impact velocity and package mass.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sediment Trapping Efficiency of Vegetative Filter Strips Using Machine Learning Models

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joo Hyun Bae ◽  
Jeongho Han ◽  
Dongjun Lee ◽  
Jae E Yang ◽  
Jonggun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Multilayer Perceptron ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Physically Based Models ◽  
Machine Learning Models

The South Korean government has recently focused on environmental protection efforts to improve water quality which has been degraded by nonpoint sources of water pollution from runoff. In order to take care of environmental issues, many physically-based models have been used. However, the physically-based models take a large amount of work to carry out site simulations, and there is a need to find faster and more efficient approaches. For an alternative approach for sediment management using the physically-based models, the machine learning-based models were used for estimating sediment trapping efficiency of vegetative filter strips. The seven nonlinear regression algorithms of machine learning models (e.g., decision tree, multilayer perceptron, k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, random forest, AdaBoost and gradient boosting) were applied to select the model which best estimates the sediment trapping efficiency of vegetative filter strips. The sediment trapping efficiencies calculated by the machine learning models showed similar results as those of vegetative filter strip modeling system (VFSMOD-W) model. As a result of the accuracy evaluation among the seven machine learning models, the multilayer perceptron model-derived the best fit with VFSMOD-W model. It is expected that the sediment trapping efficiency of the vegetative filter strips in various cases in agricultural fields in South Korea can be predicted easier, faster and accurately by the machine learning models developed in this study. Machine learning models can be used to evaluate sediment trapping efficiency without complicated physically-based model design and high computational cost. Therefore, decision makers can maximize the quality of their outputs by minimizing their efforts in the decision-making process.

An Empirical Model of Sediment Trapping Efficiency by Vegetative Filter Strips in Chinese Northwest

2014 ◽  
Vol 998-999 ◽  
pp. 1405-1409
Author(s):  
Na Deng ◽  
Huai En Li
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Inflow Rate ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strip ◽  
Content Factor ◽  
Northwest Region

Vegetative filter strip (VFS) is be defined as areas of vegetation designed to remove sediment and other pollutants from surface runoff. Many factors affect the effectiveness of VFS. So the quantitative analysis on relation between effectiveness and influencing factors had been conducted based on the plot experiment data in this paper. Result reveals that the order in impact degree of its factors is: inflow rate factor > width factor > vegetation condition > pollutants concentration in inflow > initial soil water content factor, the relation equation of purification effect and VFS width is the form of logarithm, and the relation equation of concentration reduction rate and inflow rate is the form of power function. Furthermore, a simple empirical model had been developed to predict sediment trapping efficiency in allusion to Chinese northwest region, which can provide computational basis for design of VFS in northwest region and other similar areas.

scholarly journals What controls the coarse sediment yield to a Mediterranean delta The case of the Llobregat river (NE Iberian Peninsula)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. Martín-Vide ◽  
Arnau Prats-Puntí ◽  
Carles Ferrer-Boix
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Sediment Trapping ◽  
Load Transport ◽  
Bed Load Transport ◽  
Llobregat River ◽  
Ne Iberian Peninsula

Abstract. The human pressure upon an alluvial river in the Mediterranean region has changed its riverine and deltaic landscapes. The river has been channelized in the last 50 years while the delta is being retreating for more than a century. The paper concentrates on the fluvial component, trying to connect it to the delta evolution. It develops a method to compute the actual bed load transport with real data. The paper compares the computation with measurements and bulk volumes of trapped material at a deep river mouth. Sediment availability in the last 30 km of the river channel is deemed responsible for the decrease in the sediment yield to the delta. Moreover, reforestation is deemed responsible for a baseline delta retreat. The sediment trapping efficiency of dams is less important than the flow regulation by dams, in the annual sediment yield. Therefore, it is more effective a step back from channelisation than to pass sediment at dams, to provide sand to the beaches.

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