URBAN HEAT HAZARD THREAT ON UNIVERSITY CAMPUS

As education area, campus or university is full with various activities which have an impact on the existence of land-use or land-cover. The variation of activities dynamically change the shape of land-use or land-cover within the campus area, thus also create variations in Land Surface Temperature (LST). The LST are impacting the coziness of human activity especially when reaches more than 30 oC. This study used the term Urban Heat Signature (UHS) to explain LST in different land-use or land-cover types. The objective of this study is to examine UHS as an Urban Heat Hazard (UHH) based on Universal Temperature Climate Index (UTCI) and Effective Temperature Index (ETI) in University of Indonesia. Thermal bands of Landsat 8 images (the acquisition year 2013-2015) were used to create LST model. A ground data known as Air Surface Temperature (AST) were used to validate the model. The result showed an increased level of maximum temperature during September-October since 2013 until 2014. The maximum temperature was reduced in October 2014, however it increased again in August 2015. The UTCI showed “moderate” and “strong heat stress”, while EFI showed “uncomfortable” and “very uncomfortable” categories during that period. This research concluded that build up area in UI Campus highest temperature on UI campus based on UHS. Range UHS in Campus UI on 2013 (21.8-31.1oC), 2014 (25.0-36.2oC) and 2015 (24.9-38.2oC). This maximum UHS on September (2014 and 2015) put on levelling UTCI included range temperature 32-35oC, with an explanation of sensation temperature is warm and sensation of comfort is Uncomfortable, Psychology with Increasing Stress Case by Sweating and Blood Flow and Health category is Cardiovascular Embarrassment. This UHS occurs in September will give impact on psychology and health, that’s become the UHH of the living on education area.

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A mobile sensor-based Approach for Analyzing and Mitigating Urban Heat Hazards

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-12446 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanzhe Yin ◽

Andrew Grundstein ◽

Deepak Mishra ◽

Navid Hashemi ◽

Lakshmish Lakshmish

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Heat Exposure ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Temperature Data ◽

Mobile Sensors ◽

Mobile Sensor ◽

High Quality ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Heat Hazard

High-quality temperature data at a finer spatial-temporal scale is critical for analyzing the risk of heat hazards in urban environments. The variability of urban landscapes makes cities a challenging landscape for quantifying heat exposure. Most of the existing heat hazard studies have inherent limitations on two fronts: the spatial-temporal granularities are too coarse and the ability to track the actual ambient air temperature instead of land surface temperature. Overcoming these limitations requires radically different research approaches, both the paradigms for collecting the temperature data and developing models for high-resolution heat mapping. We present a comprehensive approach for studying urban heat hazards by harnessing a high-quality hyperlocal temperature dataset from a network of mobile sensors and using it to refine the satellite-based temperature products. We mounted vehicle-borne mobile sensors on thirty city buses to collect high-frequency (5 sec) temperature data from June 2018 to Nov 2019. The vehicle-borne data clearly show significant temperature differences across the city, with the largest differences of up to 10&#8451; and morning-afternoon diurnal changes at a magnitude around 20&#8451;. Then we developed a machine learning approach to derive a hyperlocal ambient air temperature (AAT) product by combining the mobile-sensor temperature data, satellite LST data, and other influential biophysical parameters to map the variability of heat hazard over areas not covered by the buses. The machine learning model output highlighted the high spatio-temporal granularity in AAT within an urban heat island. The seasonal AAT maps derived from the model show a well-defined hyperlocal variability of heat hazards which are not evident from other research approaches. The findings from this study will be beneficial for understanding the heat exposure vulnerabilities for individual communities. It may also create a pathway for policymakers to devise targeted hazard mitigation efforts such as increasing green space and developing better heat-safety policies for workers.

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An urban climate service to manage heat risks in UK and Chinese cities

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-5158 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Victoria Ramsey ◽

Claire Scannell

Keyword(s):

Urban Climate ◽

Evidence Base ◽

Extreme Heat ◽

Climate Services ◽

Extreme Heat Events ◽

Climate Service ◽

Urban Heat ◽

The Uk ◽

Heat Hazard ◽

The City

Recent extreme heat events in the UK are likely to become more frequent over the 21st Century and exacerbated in cities due to the urban heat island effect. Due to high population densities and a concentration of assets, urban areas are more vulnerable to climatic extremes with impacts that traverse health, infrastructure, built environment and economic activity. Risks to health, well-being and productivity from high temperatures is one of six priority areas from in UK Climate Change Risk Assessment (2017) where more action is needed to manage risks, prompting local authorities to understand heat risks within their city.&#160; City based climate services are needed for day-to-day operations in cities, emergency response and to inform urban design and development. &#160;Recent advances in high resolution modelling enable better representation of urban processes and provide greater understanding of extreme events. &#160;By exploiting such advances in underpinning science, the Met Office is generating urban climate services for city stakeholders to plan for and manage heat stress in their city. The Met Office has been engaging with local authorities and city stakeholders in the UK and China to co-produce a prototype, two tier, urban heat climate service to enhance the resilience of urban environments to extreme heat events. &#160;The prototype is based on a strong requirement from several cities to develop an evidence base of the heat hazard and understand current and future hot spots vulnerable to extremes of heat within the city. &#160;Tier 1 uses observations and high-resolution climate data to provide city specific information of the heat hazard in a graphical factsheet format. &#160;This includes information on future changes in temperature, extreme heat indicators, frequency and duration of heatwave events, and spatial distribution of heat across the city. &#160;Tier 2 involves working closely with city stakeholders to combine the hazard information with data on health, built environment and socio-economics, to provide tailored information on heat exposure and vulnerability. &#160;This will allow users to identify highly vulnerable parts of the city network and neighbourhoods for priority action. &#160;This two-tier service can provide an evidence base to inform urban policy, design and adaptation strategies, and prepare authorities and city stakeholders for future demand on city services.&#160;

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Urban Heat Island: Summer Outdoor Climate Measurement Within the University Campus and City

Civil and Environmental Engineering ◽

10.2478/cee-2021-0038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Peter Juras

Keyword(s):

Global Climate ◽

Urban Heat Islands ◽

University Campus ◽

Heat Islands ◽

Outdoor Climate ◽

Air Temperatures ◽

Urban Heat ◽

Weather Stations ◽

The Difference ◽

The University

Abstract Work of researchers from various areas is focused on problematics of urban heat islands. Its importance is rising with the global climate change. The difference of the air temperatures within the area can be also caused by the measurement error. Usual error is not the accuracy of the sensor, but the radiation shield or location of the weather station. In this case, averaged difference can be up to 80 %. Difference of temperatures between the weather stations within the analyzed area can vary from 0.2 up to 6 °C. Difference depends usual on the size of the city and the location influenced by the surrounding geomorphology. In this paper three different radiation shields are compared which influenced the measurement and analyzed are also the results from four different weather stations, two of them are within the University of Zilina campus. One of them is placed on the roof, which is a usual location for the solar radiation measurement; the second one is placed on the grass land at the end of the campus. Other two stations belong to the national weather institute. Comparison is made for two very hot days of August 2020. Averaged difference was 0.3 °C for the whole month and 0.5 °C for selected days.

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Urban Heat Signature Impact on University Campus

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/338/1/012027 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 338 ◽

pp. 012027

Author(s):

Adi Wibowo ◽

Mariney Md Yussof ◽

Tengku Adeline A B Hamzah ◽

K O Salleh

Keyword(s):

University Campus ◽

Urban Heat

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Supplemental Material for Is Discrimination Widespread? Testing Assumptions About Bias on a University Campus

Journal of Experimental Psychology General ◽

10.1037/xge0000983.supp ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

University Campus

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Is discrimination widespread? Testing assumptions about bias on a university campus.

Journal of Experimental Psychology General ◽

10.1037/xge0000983 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mitchell R. Campbell ◽

Markus Brauer

Keyword(s):

University Campus

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Hydraulic Laboratory at University of Liège

La Houille Blanche ◽

10.1051/lhb/2018011 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 80-89

Author(s):

Willi H. Hager

Keyword(s):

Basic Research ◽

The Novel ◽

University Campus ◽

Current Position ◽

Professional Background ◽

The Past ◽

Comprehensive Picture

The Hydraulic Laboratory of Liège University, Belgium, is historically considered from its foundation in 1937 to the mid-1960s. The technical facilities of the various Buildings are highlighted, along with canals and instrumentation available. It is noted that in its initial era, comparatively few basic research has been conducted, mainly due to the professional background of the professors leading the establishment. This state was improved in the past 50 years, however, particularly since the Laboratory was dislocated to its current position in the novel University Campus. Biographies of the leading persons associated with the Liège Hydraulic Laboratory are also presented, so that a comprehensive picture is given of one of the currently leading hydraulic Laboratories of Europe.

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