scholarly journals High Performance Building Facade Solutions - PIER Final Project Report

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Lee ◽  
Stephen Selkowitz
Author(s):  
Asroji Asroji

This study was conducted based on the facts about the lack of maximal outcomes of learning English in almost all levels of education, especially in vocational school. Although English has been studied for many years, but the majority of students can not master English well, especially speaking. Many factors cause this phenomenon, and all parties should concern to work together to formulatebetter system and process of English learning at vocational school.The research was conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Pacitan, by taking the students of class XII as subjects research. The sample of this research consists of 94 students of Business Travel and Tourism,Network Computer Engineering, and Engineering Software classes. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. It is used to describe the students’ speaking competence, particularlyin presenting final task report. This research also identifies the internal and external functions to formulate a strategy to improve the students’s speaking competence. The results showed that based on the analysis of English speaking competency of SMK Negeri 1 Pacitan students, it can be concluded as follows: a). Based on the students absorption analysis of presenting final project report, shows that English competency level of students is in the category of “pretty”, with evidence of the studentsvalue average in presenting final project report is more than the passing grade value (7.50),it is 79.5. While the number of student, who passed the presentation test,is 66 students.So it can be obtained the percentage level of mastery learning students on the presentation test of final report is only 70.21%, and it is categorized “less”, because the percentage of students who passed this exam is still under 75%. b). While the analysis of the questionnaire can be scribed that the average overall score of 3.44 speaking competence components are categorized “pretty”, and it can be concluded that the level of competence of English speaking students generally categorized “enough”. Based on the level ofstudents’ English speaking competence , it can be formulated the strategies to increase its competence. They are: a). Maximizing the use of English as a language instruction and reducing the use of Indonesian, especially in the learning process, to improve English language competency, so that students can have the ability to explain the sequence of events and the students can pass the exam well. b). Having more English presentation activitiesin other topics to encourage the students’ bravery and self-confidence in speaking English, so that students have good Englishcompetence as preparation to getjobs or to continue their study at university.c). Having more exercise of using body language to improve the mastery of speech, and smooth attitude, so that students have good English competence,and they are able to compete in the global world in obtaining employment. d). And maximizing the use of school’s facilities by using various methods of learning, and focusing on the students’ center method to improve the studentsEnglish competency so that they are able to compete for educational scholarships in this country and abroad.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric T. Meyer ◽  
James Carroll ◽  
Keith Phillips
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4640
Author(s):  
Seung-Yeoun Choi ◽  
Sean-Hay Kim

New functions and requirements of high performance building (HPB) being added and several regulations and certification conditions being reinforced steadily make it harder for designers to decide HPB designs alone. Although many designers wish to rely on HPB consultants for advice, not all projects can afford consultants. We expect that, in the near future, computer aids such as design expert systems can help designers by providing the role of HPB consultants. The effectiveness and success or failure of the solution offered by the expert system must be affected by the quality, systemic structure, resilience, and applicability of expert knowledge. This study aims to set the problem definition and category required for existing HPB designs, and to find the knowledge acquisition and representation methods that are the most suitable to the design expert system based on the literature review. The HPB design literature from the past 10 years revealed that the greatest features of knowledge acquisition and representation are the increasing proportion of computer-based data analytics using machine learning algorithms, whereas rules, frames, and cognitive maps that are derived from heuristics are conventional representation formalisms of traditional expert systems. Moreover, data analytics are applied to not only literally raw data from observations and measurement, but also discrete processed data as the results of simulations or composite rules in order to derive latent rule, hidden pattern, and trends. Furthermore, there is a clear trend that designers prefer the method that decision support tools propose a solution directly as optimizer does. This is due to the lack of resources and time for designers to execute performance evaluation and analysis of alternatives by themselves, even if they have sufficient experience on the HPB. However, because the risk and responsibility for the final design should be taken by designers solely, they are afraid of convenient black box decision making provided by machines. If the process of using the primary knowledge in which frame to reach the solution and how the solution is derived are transparently open to the designers, the solution made by the design expert system will be able to obtain more trust from designers. This transparent decision support process would comply with the requirement specified in a recent design study that designers prefer flexible design environments that give more creative control and freedom over design options, when compared to an automated optimization approach.


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