Oncolytic Coxsackievirus and the Mechanisms of its Effects on Cancer: A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmadi ◽  
Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh ◽  
Ruhollah Dorostkar ◽  
Mahdieh Farzanehpour ◽  
Masoumeh Bolandian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Disease ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Triggered Release ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Viral Therapy ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
Cancer Cell Targeting

Abstract:: Cancer is a genetic disease triggered by gene mutations, which control cell growth and their functionality inherited from previous generations. The targeted therapy of some tumors was not especially successful. A host of new techniques can be used to treat aptamer-mediated targeting, cancer immunotherapy, cancer stem cell (CSC) therapy, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), hormone therapy, intracellular cancer cell targeting, nanoparticles, and viral therapy. These include chemical-analog conjugation, gene delivery, ligand-receptor-based targeting, prodrug therapies, and triggered release strategies. Virotherapy is a biotechnological technique for turning viruses into therapeutic agents by the reprogramming of viruses to cure diseases. In several tumors, including melanoma, multiple myeloma, bladder cancer, and breast cancer, the oncolytic capacity of oncolytic Coxsackievirus has been studied. The present study aims to assess oncolytic Coxsackievirus and its mechanisms of effect on cancer cells.

Viral and Other Cell-Penetrating Peptides as Vectors of Therapeutic Agents in Medicine

2015 ◽  
Vol 354 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Durzyńska ◽  
Łucja Przysiecka ◽  
Robert Nawrot ◽  
Jakub Barylski ◽  
Grzegorz Nowicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Cell Penetrating

Cell-penetrating peptides: two faces of the same coin

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (8) ◽  
pp. 1363-1366
Author(s):  
Giovanna Maria Pierantoni ◽  
Simona Paladino
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Short Peptides ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Conjugated Compounds

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides able to cross the cellular membranes without any interaction with specific receptors. Thanks to their ability to transport various cargo inside the cells are emerged as powerful therapeutic agents alternative to small molecules. In recent years, numerous preclinical studies provided promising results for the treatment of various human diseases. Several CPP-conjugated compounds are under clinical trials.

Cell-Penetrating Peptides as a Potential Drug Delivery System for Effective Treatment of Diabetes.

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mallikarjuna Korivi ◽  
Yue-Wern Huang ◽  
Betty R. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cell Penetrating ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Background/Purpose: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from the body’s inability to produce and/or use insulin. Patients with T2D often have hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which then lead to hypertension, chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and increased risk of morbidity and mortality (9th leading cause globally). Insulin and related pharmacological therapies are widely used to manage T2D, despite their limitations. Efficient drug delivery systems (DDS) that control drug kinetics may decrease side effects, allow for efficient targeting, and increase the bioavailability of drugs to achieve maximum therapeutic benefits. Thus, development of effective DDS is crucial to beat diabetes. Methods: Here, we introduced a highly bioavailable vector, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), as a powerful DDS to overcome limitations of free drug administration. Results: CPPs are short peptides that serve as a potent tool for delivering therapeutic agents across cell membranes. Various cargoes, including proteins, DNA, RNA, liposomes, therapeutic molecules, and nanomaterials, generally retain their bioactivity upon entering cells. The mechanisms of CPPs/cargoes intracellular entry are classified into two parts: endocytic pathways and direct membrane translocation. In this article, we focus on the applications of CPPs/therapeutic agents in the treatment of diabetes. Hypoglycemic drugs with CPPs intervention can enhance therapeutic effectiveness, and CPP-mediated drug delivery can facilitate the actions of insulin. Numerous studies indicate that CPPs can effectively deliver insulin, produce synergistic effects with immunosuppressants for successful pancreatic islet xenotransplantation, prolong pharmacokinetics, and retard diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: We suggest that CPPs can be a new generation of drug delivery system for effective treatment and management of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications.

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