Self-Care in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Background: Self-care is essential for the prevention of complications in patients with diabetes, but several authors report that even with health education programs, the incidence of complications in patients with diabetes continues to increase. Objective: We aimed to examine adherence to self-care strategies and the repercussions of adherence on the clinical profiles of individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We performed a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched for related studies in 4 databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature (LILACS). We included observational studies in English and Portuguese that evaluated the effects of selfcare in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Results: The search resulted in the identification of 615 articles, of which 34 met all the inclusion criteria. General self-care was considered unsatisfactory. Physical exercise was classified as the self-care activity that was performed less frequently by individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus; adherence to medication was the most frequent behavior among volunteers. Conclusion: The studies indicated poor adherence of the population to good self-care practices, reflected by the increase in complications related to DM.

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Systematic review of the psychometric properties and theoretical grounding of instruments evaluating self-care in people with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Advanced Nursing ◽

10.1111/jan.12298 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

pp. 1209-1227 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Jorge Caro-Bautista ◽

Francisco Javier Martín-Santos ◽

Jose Miguel Morales-Asencio

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Self Care

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Quality of life of Latin-American individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Primary Care Diabetes ◽

10.1016/j.pcd.2019.09.003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 317-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Juan Pablo Sánchez de la Cruz ◽

Diana Laura González Morales ◽

Thelma Beatriz González-Castro ◽

Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Zárate ◽

Isela Esther Juárez-Rojop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Latin American

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Effect of Family Empowerment on Self Care of Patients with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.6155 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (F) ◽

pp. 224-233

Author(s):

Rianti Pramita ◽

Siti Saidah Nasution ◽

Jenny Marlindawani

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Self Care ◽

Good Effect ◽

Diagram Method ◽

Family Empowerment

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (T2DM) is a chronic disease that will be suffered for life, so it is necessary to provide education to patients and families so that it is easy to understand the course of the disease, prevention and obstacles in the management of T2DM. Family empowerment can be started by optimizing family functions to help patients with T2DM to adapt and comply with self-care actions through four dimensions, empathic (emotional), encouragement (reward), facilitative (instrumental), and participatory (participation). This systematic review aims to identify and evaluate the effect of family empowerment interventions on self-care for T2DM patients. Methods: The database used for article searches consisted of EBSCO, PubMed and ProQuest using relevant keywords based on the topic and title of the study. The selection of articles used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) diagram method, the overall results were 2,635 articles and 8 articles that fit the inclusion criteria and were analyzed descriptively narrative and had met the methodological quality study according to JBI guidelines (Joanna Briggs Critical Appraising Methodology). Results: 8 articles with the Family Empowerment Process Model intervention program and the Diabetes Mellitus Education Program which is a family-oriented program that includes education classes, group discussions, home visits, and telephone follow-up. Education is provided to families through direct discussion and through telephone calls with a duration of each call of approximately 15 to 20 minutes scheduled for 9 am to 12 noon. Follow-up was done by telephone in the intervention group for approximately 3 months to 12 months. Conclusion: The findings of this systematic review indicate that family empowerment interventions based on health education can have a good effect on improving self-care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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Impact of self‐care programmes in type 2 diabetes mellitus population in primary health care: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Journal of Clinical Nursing ◽

10.1111/jocn.15186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (9-10) ◽

pp. 1457-1476 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jorge Caro‐Bautista ◽

Shakira Kaknani‐Uttumchandani ◽

Silvia García‐Mayor ◽

Francisca Villa‐Estrada ◽

Juan Carlos Morilla‐Herrera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Health Care ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Primary Health Care ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Self Care ◽

Primary Health

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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Good Self-Care Practice among People Living with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Ethiopia: A National Call to Bolster Lifestyle Changes

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/8896896 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Baye Dagnew ◽

Getu Debalkie Demissie ◽

Dessie Abebaw Angaw

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Self Care ◽

Care Practice ◽

Random Effects Model

Background. Self-care practice is the mainstay of management for good glycemic control. Despite the presence of a few pocket studies, no comprehensive study was conducted in Ethiopia to demonstrate the overall good self-care practice among diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Therefore, we intended to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall good self-care practice among people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Ethiopia. Methods. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane library, Google scholar, and direct Google to retrieve relevant studies. Forest plot was used to present the pooled estimate of good self-care practice using DerSimonian and Laird’s random-effects model. We checked publication bias using Egger’s test and funnel plot. Potential heterogeneity was tested using the I-squared statistic. Moreover, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Results. In this review, 12 primary studies (with a total sample size of 4030) were included. Because of the presence of heterogeneity, we employed a random-effects model. After running the random-effects model, the pooled estimate of overall good self-care practice was 51.12% (95% CI: 41.90–60.34). Furthermore, the pooled estimate of good dietary practice was 50.18% (95% CI: 32.75–67.60), good physical exercise practice was 48.29% (95% CI: 34.14–62.43), the good footcare practice was 63.61% (95% CI: 45.56–81.66), and appropriate self-monitoring of the blood glucose level was 31.89% (95% CI: −4.62–68.41). In this meta-analysis, there was serious interstudy variation, but there was no publication bias. Conclusions. The overall good self-care practice among people living with T2DM was low which necessitates the need for designing strategies to increase the self-care practice. The health sector has to bolster awareness creation to allow better plasma glucose control and preventing diabetes-related complications. This trial is registered with CRD42019147694.

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