The Role of Imaging in the Evaluation of Adnexal Masses

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Cole ◽  
Kirk S. Russell ◽  
Jasmine J. Han
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Adnexal Masses ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Surgical Evaluation

Background: Imaging plays a major role in the detection, diagnosis, and ultimate treatment strategies of adnexal masses. As high as 10% of women in the United States undergo surgical evaluation for a suspected adnexal neoplasm. Objective: To understand the advantages and disadvantages of each imaging modality used in the evaluation of adnexal masses. Results: Ultrasound is frequently the imaging modality of choice for initial characterization. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography – computed tomography are frequently employed if malignancy is suspected to assess for metastasis. Conclusion: A basic understanding of adnexal imaging modalities will be of benefit to care providers and, in turn, be of benefit to patients.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Blood Flow Increases in Damaged Regions Directly after Acid Aspiration in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Richter ◽  
Ralf Bergmann ◽  
Lilla Knels ◽  
Frank Hofheinz ◽  
Michael Kasper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Pulmonary Blood Flow ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Pulmonary Dysfunction ◽  
Acid Aspiration ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Gastric Aspiration

Abstract Background: After gastric aspiration events, patients are at risk of pulmonary dysfunction and the development of severe acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which may contribute to the development of an inflammatory reaction. The authors’ aim in the current study was to investigate the role of the spatial distribution of pulmonary blood flow in the pathogenesis of pulmonary dysfunction during the early stages after acid aspiration. Methods: The authors analyzed the pulmonary distribution of radiolabeled microspheres in normal (n = 6) and injured (n = 12) anesthetized rat lungs using positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and histological examination. Results: Injured regions demonstrate increased pulmonary blood flow in association with reduced arterial pressure and the deterioration of arterial oxygenation. After acid aspiration, computed tomography scans revealed that lung density had increased in the injured regions and that these regions colocalized with areas of increased blood flow. The acid was instilled into the middle and basal regions of the lungs. The blood flow was significantly increased to these regions compared with the blood flow to uninjured lungs in the control animals (middle region: 1.23 [1.1; 1.4] (median [25%; 75%]) vs. 1.04 [1.0; 1.1] and basal region: 1.25 [1.2; 1.3] vs. 1.02 [1.0; 1.05], respectively). The increase in blood flow did not seem to be due to vascular leakage into these injured areas. Conclusions: The data suggest that 10 min after acid aspiration, damaged areas are characterized by increased pulmonary blood flow. The results may impact further treatment strategies, such as drug targeting.

Imaging

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joong Mo Ahn ◽  
Yusuf Menda ◽  
Georges Y. El-Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Soft Tissue Injuries ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Musculoskeletal Problem ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Multiple Trauma Patients

♦ Each modality of imaging—digital radiography, multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, and nuclear medicine studies—has its own advantages and disadvantages♦ Conventional radiography is the best for initial evaluation of a musculoskeletal problem♦ MDCT rapid survey of multiple trauma patients is easily performed using the new high speed computed tomography scanners♦ MRI is the imaging modality of choice for internal derangement of the knee and other soft tissue injuries♦ Radionuclide bone imaging is most suitable for screening the whole skeleton for metastases♦ Positron emission tomography is useful for identification of tumour, inflammation, and infection.

scholarly journals The role of imaging in the diagnosis and management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Imaging ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Nardocci ◽  
Judit Simon ◽  
Fanni Kiss ◽  
Tamás Györke ◽  
Péter Szántó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease

ABSTRACTIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive disease lacking a definite etiology, characterized by the nonspecific symptoms of dyspnea and dry cough. Due to its poor prognosis, imaging techniques play an essential role in diagnosing and managing IPF. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) has been shown to be the most sensitive modality for the diagnosis of pulmonary fibrosis. It is the primary imaging modality used for the assessment and follow-up of patients with IPF. Other not commonly used imaging methods are under research, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography-computed tomography are alternative imaging techniques. This literature review aims to provide a brief overview of the imaging of IPF-related alterations.

scholarly journals In Vivo Imaging of Biodegradable Implants and Related Tissue Biomarkers

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2348
Author(s):  
Leon Riehakainen ◽  
Chiara Cavallini ◽  
Paolo Armanetti ◽  
Daniele Panetta ◽  
Davide Caramella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Biodegradable Implant ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Longitudinal Imaging

Non-invasive longitudinal imaging of osseointegration of bone implants is essential to ensure a comprehensive, physical and biochemical understanding of the processes related to a successful implant integration and its long-term clinical outcome. This study critically reviews the present imaging techniques that may play a role to assess the initial stability, bone quality and quantity, associated tissue remodelling dependent on implanted material, implantation site (surrounding tissues and placement depth), and biomarkers that may be targeted. An updated list of biodegradable implant materials that have been reported in the literature, from metal, polymer and ceramic categories, is provided with reference to the use of specific imaging modalities (computed tomography, positron emission tomography, ultrasound, photoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging) suitable for longitudinal and non-invasive imaging in humans. The advantages and disadvantages of the single imaging modality are discussed with a special focus on preclinical imaging for biodegradable implant research. Indeed, the investigation of a new implant commonly requires histological examination, which is invasive and does not allow longitudinal studies, thus requiring a large number of animals for preclinical testing. For this reason, an update of the multimodal and multi-parametric imaging capabilities will be here presented with a specific focus on modern biomaterial research.

The potential role of imaging techniques in avoiding neck dissection during salvage surgery after head and neck carcinoma treated with bioradiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (11) ◽  
pp. 970-975
Author(s):  
A Rovira ◽  
J Tornero ◽  
M Taberna ◽  
M Oliva ◽  
R Montal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Dissection ◽  
Salvage Surgery ◽  
Head And Neck Carcinoma ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Neck Carcinoma

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of computed tomography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography prior to salvage surgery after head and neck carcinoma treated with bioradiotherapy and to look at the role of neck dissection in this setting.MethodThis study was a retrospective chart review of a series of consecutive patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated with bioradiotherapy. Radiological and pathological stages were compared to evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography in detecting occult neck metastasis in the context of recurrence of primary tumour. In order to assess the impact of neck dissection on survival, Kaplan–Meier survival curves after salvage surgery with and without neck dissection were derived.ResultsA total of 268 patients were identified, of which 22 underwent salvage surgery. The negative predictive value of computed tomography and positron emission tomography-computed tomography was excellent. Neck dissection did not represent an improvement on overall, disease specific and regional recurrence free survival (p = 0.67, p = 0.91 and p = 0.62, respectively) amongst clinically and radiologically negative necks.ConclusionConservative treatment of the neck should be considered when dealing with patients with primary site recurrence or persistent disease after bioradiotherapy without evidence of neck disease.

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