Screening and Preponderance of Peptic ulcer and its Contributing risk factors Among Basrah City Residents in Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ausama Jaccob ◽  
Sheima Kadhim ◽  
Amal Hassan ◽  
Ali Mohsin ◽  
Salah Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Chronic Medication ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
H Pylori

Background: With the recent widespread use of over- the- counter drugs, there has been a noticeable increase in the occurrence of gastrointestinal discomfort and peptic ulcer disease. However, peptic ulcer is a highly complex disorder resulting from an imbalance between gstricdestructive and protective factors. Objectives: To identifyrisk factors of peptic ulcer disease. Methods: This study was organized at Al-Basra teaching hospital and Al Sader teaching hospital in Basrah city, Iraq. Medical records and questionnaires filled by patients undergoing diagnostic and therapeutic upper gastrointestinal endoscopies following their gastric discomfort complaints. Information related to patients, disease history and medication history during six months prior to endoscopy procedures was collected. Results: A total of 476 patients were identified, including 246 (51.7%) patients with endoscopically diagnosed peptic ulcers and 230 (48.3%) patients without peptic ulcers. The population was predominately male and there were significant differences between age groups.Smoking correlated with a high relative risk;however, alcohol drinking had no significant role as a causative factor. The most extensively used drugs by patients who complained of peptic ulcers are NSAIDs, iron supplements, corticosteroids, and antiplatelet agents. A small number of patients weretreated for hypertension and diabetes, which were correlated with peptic ulcer risks. The presence of H-pylori infections was significantly associated with peptic ulcer diagnosis. Conclusion: The risk of peptic ulcer disease appeared to increase with chronic medication use and smoking, which aggravatethe contributing risk by H-pylori infections.

The Role of Gastric Acid in Preventing Foodborne Disease and How Bacteria Overcome Acid Conditions†

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1292-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES L. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Acid Secretion ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastric Acid Secretion ◽  
Gastric Acid ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
H Pylori

The secretion of hydrochloric acid by the stomach plays an important role in protecting the body against pathogens ingested with food or water. A gastric fluid pH of 1 to 2 is deleterious to many microbial pathogens; however, the neutralization of gastric acid by antacids or the inhibition of acid secretion by various drugs may increase the risk of food- or waterborne illnesses. Peptic ulcer disease is often treated by decreasing or eliminating gastric acid secretion, and such treatment blocks the protective antibacterial action of gastric fluid. The majority of peptic ulcer disease cases originate from Helicobacter pylori infections. Treatment of H. pylori–induced peptic ulcers with antibiotics reduces the need for drugs that inhibit gastric acid secretion and thereby diminishes the risk of food- and waterborne illness for peptic ulcer disease patients. Many bacterial pathogens, such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, and H. pylori, can circumvent the acid conditions of the stomach by developing adaptive mechanisms that allow these bacteria to survive in acid environments. As a consequence, these bacteria can survive acidic stomach conditions and pass into the intestinal tract, where they can induce gastroenteritis.

Diseases of the Stomach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara C. Sheets ◽  
Moath Amro
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Esophageal Disease ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Button Battery ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Major Emergencies ◽  
H Pylori

There are multiple diseases of the stomach and esophagus that will lead a patient to seek emergent care, including peptic ulcer disease (PUD), esophagitis, dysphagia, esophageal foreign bodies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Hemorrhage and perforation are major emergencies in peptic ulcer disease and esophageal disease requiring early recognition with immediate resuscitative efforts to stabilize. This review covers the risk factors, pathophysiology, assessment and stabilization, diagnosis and treatment, and disposition and outcomes for patients with diseases of the stomach and esophagus. Figures show illustrations of esophageal anatomy, an algorithm for the evaluation of dysphagia, the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers, and radiographs demonstrating an esophageal button battery and pneumoperitoneum caused by a perforated ulcer. Tables list some common causes of esophageal stricture and pill-induced esophagitis, differential diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease and commonly used regimens to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection. Key Words: Peptic ulcer disease, esophagitis, dysphagia, esophageal foreign body, GERD, H. Pylori, button battery

scholarly journals Peptic Ulcers and their Complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-s) ◽  
pp. 256-261
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar ◽  
Dhanesh Kumar ◽  
Rajendra Kumar ◽  
Jhakeshwar Prasad ◽  
Mahendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Acute Stress ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
H Pylori

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is an uncommon disorder of early life. Peptic ulceration of the stomach or duodenum is usually associated with abnormalities of the gastric mucosa such as gastritis and/or gastropathy. Gastritis and ulcers of the stomach and duodenum can be classified into either primary or secondary depending on their aetiologies. The majority of primary or unexplained peptic ulcers are the result of chronic inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. However, an increasing number of children with PUD without evidence of H. Pylori infection are now being seen. Rarely PUD is caused by hypersecretory states. Secondary ulceration occurs in response to acute stress from severe systemic illnesses such as sepsis, head injury, burns, and as sequelae to use of certain drugs. The prognosis for recovery from peptic ulcers is good as most patients will respond to treatment. Keywords:  Peptic ulcer disease, Complication, Helicobacter pylori, NSAIDs, Management.

Peptic Ulcer Diseases

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A Lew
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
H Pylori

Peptic ulcers are defects or breaks in the inner lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although the pathogenesis is multifactorial they tend to arise when there is an imbalance between protective and aggressive factors, such as when GI mucosal defense mechanisms are impaired in the presence of gastric acid and pepsin. Peptic ulcers extend through the mucosa and the muscularis mucosae, a thin layer of smooth muscle separating the mucosa from the deeper submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa. Peptic ulcer disease affects up to 10% of men and 4% of women in Western countries at some time in their lives. This chapter discusses the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease and the etiologic contribution of Helicobacter pylori infection, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and gastrinoma or other hypersecretory states. Also addressed are rare and unusual causes for ulcers and GI bleeding. A section on the diagnosis of peptic ulcers discusses clinical manifestations, physical examination findings, laboratory and imaging studies, and surgical diagnosis. Differential diagnosis is also reviewed. Tests to establish the etiology of peptic ulcer disease include endoscopy, quantitative serologic tests, the urea breath test, and the fecal antigen test. Discussed separately are treatments for uncomplicated duodenal ulcers, uncomplicated gastric ulcers, intractable duodenal or gastric ulcers, complicated peptic ulcers (bleeding ulcers, acute stress ulcers, perforated ulcers, obstructing ulcers, fistulizing ulcers, and Cameron ulcers), H. pylori ulcers, and gastric cancer. Figures illustrate the etiopathogenesis of peptic ulcers, prevalence of H. pylori infection in duodenal and gastric ulcer patients compared with normal controls, the approach to a patient with new and undiagnosed ulcerlike symptoms refractory to antisecretory therapy, an upper GI series showing an uncomplicated duodenal ulcer, a chest x-ray showing pneumoperitoneum from a perforated duodenal ulcer, gastric biopsy samples showing H. pylori organisms, and the approach to treatment and follow-up in patients with either complicated or uncomplicated duodenal or gastric ulcer. Tables list differential diagnoses of peptic ulcer disease, commonly used regimens to eradicate H. pylori, additional antimicrobial agents with activity against H. pylori, and FDA-approved antisecretory drugs for active peptic ulcer disease. This chapter contains 76 references.

Peptic Ulcer Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A Lew
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
H Pylori

Peptic ulcers are defects or breaks in the inner lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Although the pathogenesis is multifactorial they tend to arise when there is an imbalance between protective and aggressive factors, such as when GI mucosal defense mechanisms are impaired in the presence of gastric acid and pepsin. Peptic ulcers extend through the mucosa and the muscularis mucosae, a thin layer of smooth muscle separating the mucosa from the deeper submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa. Peptic ulcer disease affects up to 10% of men and 4% of women in Western countries at some time in their lives. This chapter discusses the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease and the etiologic contribution of Helicobacter pylori infection, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and gastrinoma or other hypersecretory states. Also addressed are rare and unusual causes for ulcers and GI bleeding. A section on the diagnosis of peptic ulcers discusses clinical manifestations, physical examination findings, laboratory and imaging studies, and surgical diagnosis. Differential diagnosis is also reviewed. Tests to establish the etiology of peptic ulcer disease include endoscopy, quantitative serologic tests, the urea breath test, and the fecal antigen test. Discussed separately are treatments for uncomplicated duodenal ulcers, uncomplicated gastric ulcers, intractable duodenal or gastric ulcers, complicated peptic ulcers (bleeding ulcers, acute stress ulcers, perforated ulcers, obstructing ulcers, fistulizing ulcers, and Cameron ulcers), H. pylori ulcers, and gastric cancer. Figures illustrate the etiopathogenesis of peptic ulcers, prevalence of H. pylori infection in duodenal and gastric ulcer patients compared with normal controls, the approach to a patient with new and undiagnosed ulcerlike symptoms refractory to antisecretory therapy, an upper GI series showing an uncomplicated duodenal ulcer, a chest x-ray showing pneumoperitoneum from a perforated duodenal ulcer, gastric biopsy samples showing H. pylori organisms, and the approach to treatment and follow-up in patients with either complicated or uncomplicated duodenal or gastric ulcer. Tables list differential diagnoses of peptic ulcer disease, commonly used regimens to eradicate H. pylori, additional antimicrobial agents with activity against H. pylori, and FDA-approved antisecretory drugs for active peptic ulcer disease. This chapter contains 5 figures, 6 tables and 78 references.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF H. PYLORI

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 431-439
Author(s):  
MASOOD JAVED ◽  
KHALID AMIN ◽  
DILSHAD MUHAMMAD ◽  
Aamir Husain ◽  
Nasir Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Peptic Disease ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
H Pylori

Background: Acid peptic disease is a world wide problem among all the age groups and both sexes. Duodenal ulcer is common as compared to gastric ulcer. Its prevalence being 4:1 in USA & UK and 5:1 in Pakistan1,2,3. Etiology of peptic ulcer is almost certainly multi-factorial. Basic paradigm for ulcer disease is the imbalance between the digestive activity of acid and pepsin and the protective mechanism in place toresist mucosal digestion. Over the past few years a new line of thought has been evolved after isolating spiral campylobacter like organism from antral biopsy specimens. H pylori is now considered to be an important if not the only causative agent of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. The dictum; No acid – No ulcer summarized the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease but new dictum seems to be; No H.pylori -No ulcer4,5, as over90% of Duodenal ulcer and 70% of Gastric ulcer patients are infected byH.Pylori6. Aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of H.pylori among Duodenal ulcer patients at Faisalabad District and its suburbs. Study Design: Descriptive Study. Period: From Mar 2008 to Oct 2008. Materials and Methods: 50 patients (40 Males, 10 Females) belonging to Faisalabad District and surrounding areas with upper gastrointestinal symptoms of acid peptic disease and endoscopy proved duodenal ulcer were subjected to gastric antral mucosal biopsies for evaluation of the H.Pylori status with the help of unease test and histological examination of biopsy specimen. Results: Epigastric pain was the most frequent symptom 90%. (46 out of 50 patients). 92% showed evidence of H. pylori infection. Maximum incidence of H. pylori was recordedin age group IV (46—55 years). Maximum number of patients was skilled workers (35 out of 50) 70%. 80 % of the patients belonged to lower and middle class. Percentage of H.pylori positivity was 89.1 % and 84.34 %. Conclusions: Acceptance of contributory role and high prevalence rate of H.pylori instigates us for addition of antimicrobial treatment to the conventional treatment with H2 Blockers and PPIs which is cost effectiveand alter the course of the disease.

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE, OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF DRUG REGIMEN USED FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION IN PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
Abdullah . ◽  
Mounika Pamukuntla
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Drug Regimen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rapid Urease Test ◽  
Medication History ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Urease Test ◽  
H Pylori

Aim of the study: We aimed to study the efficacy of triple drug therapy which is considered as a standard regimen. Objective of the study: To observe the role of pharmacist in preventing the recurrence of H. pylori infection. To assess whether the drug regimen prescribed eradicates the H. pylori infection. Results: In a period of 6 months a total of 358 cases were observed. Among them 142 cases are rapid urease test +ve and 216 are rapid urease test – ve cases. Of 142 patients included in the analysis, Peptic ulcer disease was more common in men when compared to women and prevalent in age group of 51-60 years. The body mass index analysis showed that 35.2% of patients were obese. From the personal history of the patients, it was concluded that 32.3% were smokers whereas 31.6% were alcoholic. The medication history analysis showed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were commonly used by the patients. The diagnostic endoscopic reports show that patients suffer from erosive pan gastritis followed by erosive gastritis. Conclusion: A 14-day triple therapy was found to be completely eradicate H. pylori infection. Out of the various demographic details that were taken into consideration age, gender, BMI, smokers, alcoholics, spicy food intake and drug abuse increased symptoms whereas co-morbid illness, sleeping pattern and food interval didn’t affect much. Structured patient counselling and follow up had a significant effect which was seen in the form of zero recurrence, 100% medication adherence and improved quality of life.

Diseases of the Stomach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara C. Sheets ◽  
Moath Amro
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Esophageal Disease ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Button Battery ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Major Emergencies ◽  
H Pylori

There are multiple diseases of the stomach and esophagus that will lead a patient to seek emergent care, including peptic ulcer disease (PUD), esophagitis, dysphagia, esophageal foreign bodies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Hemorrhage and perforation are major emergencies in peptic ulcer disease and esophageal disease requiring early recognition with immediate resuscitative efforts to stabilize. This review covers the risk factors, pathophysiology, assessment and stabilization, diagnosis and treatment, and disposition and outcomes for patients with diseases of the stomach and esophagus. Figures show illustrations of esophageal anatomy, an algorithm for the evaluation of dysphagia, the pathogenesis of peptic ulcers, and radiographs demonstrating an esophageal button battery and pneumoperitoneum caused by a perforated ulcer. Tables list some common causes of esophageal stricture and pill-induced esophagitis, differential diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease and commonly used regimens to eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection. Key Words: Peptic ulcer disease, esophagitis, dysphagia, esophageal foreign body, GERD, H. Pylori, button battery

Peptic ulcer: which patients to consider for surgery

1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Medical Therapy ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Effective Drugs

Before effective medical therapy for peptic ulcers was introduced, patients with severe persistent symptoms were referred for surgery. By the early 1970’s nearly 18,000 operations for peptic ulcer were performed each year in England and Wales, but this number began to decline even before cimetidine was introduced in 1976.1 Since then the number of patients with peptic ulcer disease referred for surgery has continued to decline slowly but steadily as more patients are treated medically with the highly effective drugs now available.

scholarly journals Risk of head and neck cancer in patients with peptic ulcers and the effect of Helicobacter pylori treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Ting Lu ◽  
Chung-Han Hsin ◽  
Ying-Chou Lu ◽  
Meng-Che Wu ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hypopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
H Pylori

AbstractIt remained inconclusive whether patients with peptic ulcer disease had a higher risk of head and neck cancer (HNC). Therefore, we enrolled 109,360 patients with peptic ulcer disease and matched for age and sex with 218,720 controls from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between January 1, 1997 and December 31, 2013.The HNC incidence rate was 1.33-fold higher in the peptic ulcer group than in the control group (7.52 vs. 5.68 per 100,00 person-years; crude relative risk: 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.63) after > 6 years of follow-up. However, in the peptic ulcer subgroup with H. pylori treatment, HNC risk was not significantly different from that of the control group (crude relative risk: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.86–1.46). Moreover, the population with peptic ulcers had the highest risk of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer (adjusted HR: 2.27 [95% CI: 1.16–4.44] and 2.00 [95% CI, 1.13–3.55]), respectively. This observational study suggested that peptic ulcer disease is associated with an increased incidence of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer and H. pylori treatment may have a role in preventing HNC in patients with peptic ulcer disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document