scholarly journals Scientific Papers and Patents on Substances with Unproven Effects. Part 2

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-173
Author(s):  
Sergei V. Jargin
Keyword(s):  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Funding Bias ◽  
Mucolytic Agent

: Several examples are discussed in this review, where substances without proven effects were proposed for practical use within the scope of evidence-based medicines. The following is discussed here: generalizations of the hormesis concept and its use in support of homeopathy; phytoestrogens and soy products potentially having feminizing effects; glycosaminoglycans for the treatment of osteoarthritis and possibilities of their replacement by diet modifications; flavonoids recommended for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins; acetylcysteine as a mucolytic agent and its questionable efficiency especially by an oral intake; stem cells and cell therapies. In conclusion, placebo therapies can be beneficial and ethically justifiable but it is not a sufficient reason to publish biased information. Importantly, placebo must be devoid of adverse effects, otherwise, it is named pseudo-placebo. Therapeutic methods with unproven effects should be tested in high-quality research shielded from the funding bias. Some issues discussed in this review are not entirely clear, and the arguments provided here can initiate a constructive discussion.

scholarly journals Protocolo ERAS® en cirugía colorrectal

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-188
Author(s):  
William Maclean ◽  
◽  
Paul Mackenzie ◽  
Chris Limb ◽  
Timothy Rockall
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Surgery ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Enhanced Recovery ◽  
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery ◽  
Surgical Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) in colorectal surgery is a protocol that promotes quicker return to function. It follows the latest evidence-based research to promote stress reduction related to surgery. The recommended perioperative pathway is fine-tuned, dynamic and in line with the latest evidence-based research to enhance all aspects of the patient’s surgical care. We describe the four aspects for a patient undergoing colorectal surgery – pre-admission, pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative. The running theme is to reduce overall physiological stress related to surgery and interventions overlap throughout the patient’s pathway. Using a multidisciplinary approach, adherence to ERAS® in colorectal surgery with ≥70 % compliance to the ERAS interventions has shown a risk reduction of 5-year cancer-related death by 42%. The optimum interventions are not only determined through the publication of high-quality research, but regular international collaboration enables experience and research to be shared and care standardised

scholarly journals On Workplace Investment in Employee Well-Being

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Bulmash Ben
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

<p><em>Many modern organizations invest substantially in employee well-being, especially knowledge-intensive companies. However, decision makers fail to make informed choices based on theoretical advancements and empirical evidence provided by years of high-quality research on individual well-being. This study reviews five fundamental scientific principles regarding people’s experiences of well-being and discusses the possible implications of the findings on organizational well-being initiatives. My purpose is to encourage organizations and decision makers to make more effective evidence-based investments in employee well-being.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Semantic Search on Scientific Repositories: A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Gottardi ◽  
Claudia Bauzer Medeiros ◽  
Julio Cesar Dos Reis
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Collaboration ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Semantic Search ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
The Web

Open Science has been recognized as one of the most important movements for leveraging scientific collaboration, helping scientists produce high quality research through sharing and reuse. It is usually defined as a combination of three factors: open access, open data and open processes, and relies on the corresponding publication of papers, data and software in repositories that can be publicly accessed on the Web. However, finding relevant papers, data and software has become one of the associated problems. Many search mechanisms – in particular semantic search – have risen as a means to solve this issue. Nevertheless, implementing these mechanisms and integrating them into scientific repositories presents many challenges. This paper presents a systematic literature review of research efforts on mechanisms for supporting search for scientific papers, data and processes, based on extracting and analyzing the entire contents of Scopus and IEEE Xplore.

Registered Reports, Replication, and the Canadian Journal of School Psychology: Improving the Evidence in Evidence-Based School Psychology

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Steven R. Shaw ◽  
Joseph S. D’Intino ◽  
Ekaterina Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
School Psychology ◽  
Canadian Journal ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Evidence Based Practices ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Replication Studies ◽  
Research Protocols ◽  
Review Model

The Canadian Journal of School Psychology (CJSP) is offering scholars the opportunity to register research reports and make research protocols publicly available to promote replication, transparency, credibility, and utility for clinical practice. The purpose of this article is to outline the challenges regarding replication, reproducibility, and evidence-based practices, as well as describe the submission protocol and criteria for acceptance of registered reports. Advances and criticisms of the registered reports model are discussed. Although CJSP will accept submissions through the traditional peer-review model, registered reports and support of replication studies have the objective of promoting high-quality research to improve the research foundation for evidence-based practices in the profession of school psychology.

EMDR With Traumatized Refugees: From Experience-Based to Evidence-Based Practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Jackie June ter Heide ◽  
Trudy T. M. Mooren ◽  
Jeroen W. Knipscheer ◽  
Rolf J. Kleber
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Narrative Exposure Therapy ◽  
Culturally Adapted

Many refugees resettled in Western countries suffer from an accumulation of traumatic and current stressors that contribute to mental health problems and may complicate trauma-focused treatment. Consequently, the acceptability, safety, and efficacy of trauma-focused treatment with refugees have been a matter of clinical and scientific interest. In recent years, the evidence has accumulated for narrative exposure therapy and culturally adapted cognitive behavioral therapy. Although eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is practiced with resettled refugees, only five small studies of limited quality have been conducted on EMDR with this population. In the absence of strong evidence, therapists practising EMDR with refugees may be aided by transcultural psychiatric principles, especially matching of explanatory models. In addition, high-quality research is needed to reliably determine acceptability, safety, and efficacy of EMDR with traumatized refugees.

scholarly journals OrthoEvidenceTM: a clinical resource for evidence-based orthopedics

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Sprague ◽  
Chris Smith ◽  
Mohit Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
Clinical Resource

The prevalence of musculoskeletal issues in clinical practice, and the limited focus placed upon musculoskeletal conditions by current electronic summary resources, highlights the need for a resource that provides access to simple and concise summaries of top-quality orthopedic literature for orthopedic surgeons and allied healthcare professionals. OrthoEvidenceTM is an online clinical resource that addresses the paucity of adequate evidence-based summary tools in the field of orthopedic surgery. OrthoEvidenceTM uses a rigorous, transparent, and unique process to review, evaluate, and summarize high quality research studies and their implications for orthopedic clinical practice. Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses are identified and reviewed by an expert medical writing team, who prepare Advanced Clinical Evidence (ACETM) reports: one or two detailed pages including critical appraisals and synopses of key research. These timely and targeted reports provide a clear understanding about the quality of evidence associated with each summarized study, and can be organized by users to identify trending information. OrthoEvidenceTM allows members to use their time efficiently and to stay current by having access to a breadth of timely, high-quality research output. OrthoEvidenceTM is easily accessible through the internet and is available at the point-of-care, which allows treating orthopedic surgeons and allied health professionals to easily practice the principles of evidence-based medicine within their clinical practices.

scholarly journals Controversies in psychiatry

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-152 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Psychiatric Diseases ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
Anniversary Issue ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

Neuroimaging and recent genetics discoveries have raised many questions regarding the current diagnostic criteria of psychiatric diseases and the current classifications used, which are still based on subjective clinical assessment. Despite high-quality research in brain neuroscience and evidence-based guidelines in many psychiatric diseases, some therapeutic issues are still a matter of debate. These controversial issues will be discussed in this 20th anniversary issue.

scholarly journals Low quality, stigmatizing research prevents effective responses to covid-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Muller ◽  
Erika Gubrium ◽  
Jørgen Dahlberg ◽  
Ariana Guilherme Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Quality Research

Evidence-based responses to covid-19 must be based on high-quality research. Low-quality research is particularly dangerous when it feeds into stigmatizing narratives, including blaming immigrants for spreading infection.

scholarly journals Evidence Cafés: Overcoming conflicting motivations and timings

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-241
Author(s):  
Gill Clough ◽  
Anne Adams
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Research ◽  
Quality Research ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The Uk

Evidence-based practice is increasingly important in creating effective public services through the balance of high-quality research and valid practice. Yet even when academics and practitioners work together to use evidence in practice, barriers emerge. This paper describes research into equitable knowledge exchange between academia and practice, drawing on data from 15 Evidence Cafés run across the UK with police forces, involving 378 participants, represented here with three exemplar Evidence Café case studies. Our findings reveal the differences between one-way knowledge transfer and two-way, equitable knowledge exchange, and how champions and effectively designed and implemented discussion objects can overcome challenges of conflicting motivations and timing. We conclude that there is a need to reframe knowledge exchange through the lens of ‘evidence’ and the process of equitable co-creation of new meanings.

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