scholarly journals Porosity in Microtomography and Determination of Hounsfield Units do not Predict Calculi Fragmentation in Extracorporeal Lithotripsy: Analysis of an In-vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Rafael Cavalheiro Cavalli ◽  
Mateus Cosentino Bellote ◽  
Mauricio Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Urinary Lithiasis ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Extracorporeal Lithotripsy ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Urological Procedures

Background: Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) remains one of the most popular methods for treating urinary lithiasis. Objective: To evaluate structural and microtomographic characteristics associated with urinary calculi fragmentation in an experimental model of SWL. Methods: Samples consisting of at least two calculi fragments obtained from patients were submitted to urological procedures. All calculi were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and a morphological evaluation (weight, length, width, and volume measurements) was conducted along with microtomographic and conventional tomographic assessments in vitro. Thereafter, each sample was submitted to SWL in a ballistic gelatin model. The fragments were separated, using a granulometric sieve, into specimens larger than 4 mm and 2 mm, which were subsequently weighed. Results: Altogether, 48 urinary calculi were analyzed and were composed of whewellite (54%), struvite (22%), apatite (11%), uric acid (7%), cystine (4%), and whitlockite (2%). The fragmentation rate was 77.5% and 69.6% for samples > 4 mm and > 2 mm in size, respectively. Factors associated with a reduction in the effectiveness of SWL were volume, dry mass, and width of the calculus. The radiodensity and porosity of the samples evaluated by microtomography were not associated with the fragmentation of calculi. Conclusion: The volume, dry mass, and width of urinary calculi were positively correlated with the number of fragments larger than 4 and 2 mm in size obtained post-SWL.

Characterization of Urinary Calculi: In Vitro Study of “Twinkling Artifact” Revealed by Color-Flow Sonography

1999 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 632-632
Author(s):  
N. Chelfouh ◽  
N. Grenier ◽  
D. Higueret ◽  
H. Trillaud ◽  
O. Levantal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Twinkling Artifact

scholarly journals Carbodiimide Cross-linking Inactivates Soluble and Matrix-bound MMPs, in vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tezvergil-Mutluay ◽  
M.M. Mutluay ◽  
K.A. Agee ◽  
R. Seseogullari-Dirihan ◽  
T. Hoshika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Dentin Adhesives ◽  
Matrix Bound ◽  
Pre Treatment

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cause collagen degradation in hybrid layers created by dentin adhesives. This in vitro study evaluated the feasibility of using a cross-linking agent, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), to inactivate soluble rhMMP-9, as an example of dentin MMPs, and matrix-bound dentin proteases. The inhibitory effects of 5 EDC concentrations (0.01-0.3 M) and 5 incubation times (1-30 min) on soluble rhMMP-9 were screened with an MMP assay kit. The same EDC concentrations were used to evaluate their inhibitory effects on endogenous proteinases from completely demineralized dentin beams that were incubated in simulated body fluid for 30 days. Decreases in modulus of elasticity (E) and dry mass of the beams, and increases in hydroxyproline content of hydrolysates derived from the incubation medium were used as indirect measures of matrix collagen hydrolysis. All EDC concentrations and pre-treatment times inactivated MMP-9 by 98% to 100% (p < 0.05) compared with non-cross-linked controls. Dentin beams incubated in 0.3 M EDC showed only a 9% decrease in E (45% decrease in control), a 3.6% to 5% loss of dry mass (18% loss in control), and significantly less solubilized hydroxyproline when compared with the control without EDC cross-linking (p < 0.05). It is concluded that EDC application for 1 min may be a clinically relevant and effective means for inactivating soluble rhMMP-9 and matrix-bound dentin proteinases if further studies demonstrate that EDC is not toxic to pulpal tissues.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF WATER SORPTION AND SOLUBILITY OF DIFFERENT RESTORATIVE CEMENTS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Gayatri Deshmukh ◽  
Anant A. Heda ◽  
Narendra U. Manwar ◽  
Shravan Rathi ◽  
Neelam Rahul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Sorption ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gold Label ◽  
The Difference

Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare and evaluate the water sorption and solubility of ve different types of restorative cements, in order to show variations that may reduce their effectiveness. Materials and methods: Five discs each of ve different materials viz. Ketac Molar (3M ESPE), Universal Restorative 2 (GC Gold Label), Ionol plus (VOCO), High Strength Posterior Restorative 9 (GC Gold Label) and Cention-N (Ivoclar) were prepared. The discs were weighed individually on precision weight scale, dehydrated and weighed again after storing for 1 day at 37oC in 50 ml distilled water. Again, the discs were stored for a week in 50 ml of distilled water at 37oC. All the discs were weighed individually after 7 days, dehydrated and new weights were again recorded. Water solubility of material and its water sorption were obtained from the difference between the intial and the nal dry mass of each disc, after 1 day and 7 days of immersion in distilled water. Data was analyzed for signicant difference by one-way ANOVAand Tukey's test. Results: The water sorption values were minimal with Cention-N after 1 day followed by Ketac Molar, Ionol Plus, Universal Restorative 2 and High Strength Restorative 9; and after 7 days, water sorption values were minimal for High Strength Restorative 9 followed by Ketac Molar, Ionol Plus, Cention- N and Universal Restorative 2. The solubility values were minimal with Cention-N after 1 day and 7 days followed by Ionol plus, Ketac molar, High strength restorative 9 and Universal restorative 2. Conclusion: Among the tested restorative cements, water sorption was minimal with Cention –N after 1 day whereas it was minimal for High Strength Restorative 9 after 7 days. Solubility was minimal for Cention-N after 1 day and 7 days.

Characterization of Urinary Calculi: In Vitro Study of “Twinkling Artifact” Revealed by Color-Flow Sonography

1999 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
pp. 1399-1400
Author(s):  
N. Chelfouh ◽  
N. Grenier ◽  
D. Higueret ◽  
H. Trillaud ◽  
O. Levantal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Twinkling Artifact
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